Trends and Age-Period-Cohort Effect on Incidence of Varicella Under Age 35 - China, 2005-2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Varicella is an acute respiratory infectious disease primarily affecting children. However, recent studies have indicated an increasing susceptibility to varicella among older age groups.

What Is Added By This Report?: The findings demonstrate a significant rise in the incidence rate among individuals aged 15-19.

Clickable X-ray Nanoprobes for Nanoscopic Bioimaging of Cellular Structures.

Synchrotron-based X-ray microscopy (XRM) has garnered widespread attention from researchers due to its high spatial resolution and excellent energy (element) resolution. Existing molecular probes suitable for XRM include immune probes and genetic labeling probes, enabling the precise imaging of various biological targets within cells. However, immune labeling techniques are prone to cross-interference between antigens and antibodies.

Toward tuberculosis elimination by understanding epidemiologic characteristics and risk factors in Hainan Province, China.

Background: The disease burden of tuberculosis (TB) was heavy in Hainan Province, China, and the information on transmission patterns was limited with few studies. This atudy aims to further explore the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of TB in Hainan Province, and thereby contribute valuable scientific evidences for TB elimination in Hainan Province.

Methods: The TB notification data in Hainan Province from 2013 to 2022 were collected from the Chinese National Disease Control Information System Tuberculosis Surveillance System, along with socio-economic data.

Associations Between Air Temperature and Daily Varicella Cases - Jinan City, Shandong Province, China, 2019-2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: The impact of air temperature on varicella has been studied, but there is limited research exploring its effect on varicella by gender and age group.

What Is Added By This Report?: We conducted a time series analysis to examine the differential effects of air temperature on varicella infection across different demographic groups. Our findings indicate that lower temperatures have a more pronounced influence on varicella incidence among males and children compared to females and adults.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Varicella Outbreaks - China, 2006-2022.

Introduction: Varicella outbreaks significantly disrupt schools and other child-centered institutions. This study aimed to identify patterns and epidemiological features of varicella outbreaks in China from 2006 to 2022.

Methods: Data were extracted from outbreak reports submitted to the Public Health Emergency Reporting Management Information System within the specified timeframe.

The Spectrum and Age-Sex Patterns Among Outpatients with Allergic Diseases - Yichang City, Hubei Province, China, 2018-2021.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Allergic diseases have affected an estimated 40% of the population in China. However, our understanding of the full spectrum of these diseases remains insufficient.

What Is Added By This Report?: Between 2018 and 2021, Yichang City documented 625,929 outpatient visits mainly related to skin and mucous membrane allergies (77.

An Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model for Predicting Varicella Outbreaks - China, 2019.

Introduction: Varicella, a prevalent respiratory infection among children, has become an escalating public health issue in China. The potential to considerably mitigate and control these outbreaks lies in surveillance-based early warning systems. This research employed an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model with the objective of predicting future varicella outbreaks in the country.

Identification of biomarkers and prediction of upstream miRNAs in diabetic nephropathy.

Objective: To explore biomarkers of diabetic nephropathy (DN) and predict upstream miRNAs.

Methods: The data sets GSE142025 and GSE96804 were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus database. Subsequently, common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of renal tissue in DN and control group were identified and protein-protein interaction network (PPI) was constructed.

National and provincial burden of varicella disease and cost-effectiveness of childhood varicella vaccination in China from 2019 to 2049: a modelling analysis.

Background: In China, varicella is the third most frequently reported vaccine-preventable infectious disease after tuberculosis and influenza, and imposes a heavy burden on families and society. To inform future immunization policy, we investigated disease burden of varicella in China and explored cost-effectiveness of different varicella vaccination strategies at national and provincial levels.

Methods: A dynamic transmission model was developed to assess disease burden of varicella and the impact of varicella vaccination in China.

Impacts of COVID-19 Prevention and Control Measures on Asthma-Related Hospital and Outpatient Visits in Yichang, China.

This article investigates the impact of COVID-19 lockdown and regular epidemic prevention and control after lifting lockdown on asthma-related hospital and outpatient visits in Yichang. Data on the general outpatient department (GOPD), emergency department (ED) and intensive care unit (ICU) visits for asthma from 15 November 2019 to 21 May 2020 and the corresponding from 2018 to 2019 were collected from eight tertiary hospitals in municipal districts. The controlled interrupted time series (CITS) analysis was used to investigate the level and long-term trend changes of weekly asthma visits during lockdown and regular epidemic prevention and control, and stratified by type of visits and age.

Identifying the Optimal Age for Herpes Zoster Vaccination - Yichang City, Hubei Province, China, 2017-2019.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: Herpes zoster (shingles) is a common skin condition in older adults, which usually presents as a painful rash with blisters. Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent shingles. However, there is not sufficient population-based epidemiological data in China to optimize the timing of zoster vaccination.

Different Percentile Regression of Blood Glucose Among Adolescents Aged 12-20 - United States, 1999-2018.

What Is Already Known On This Topic?: The incidence of diabetes is on the rise in the world, and it is increasingly affecting young people. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) has published the 2020 Diabetes Medical Standard, but there is no blood glucose standard for teenagers by age and sex.

What Is Added By This Report?: In this study, quantile regression was used to analyze the data of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and found that blood glucose varied significantly based on demographics.

Index and First-Generation Cases in a COVID-19 Outbreak - Jilin Province, China, 2021.

Contact tracing and testing with isolated medical care of identified cases is a key strategy for interrupting chains of transmission of COVID-19 and reducing mortality associated with COVID-19. At the early phases of the COVID-19 pandemic, due to test capacity limitations, case finding often started from suspected cases. The index patient infected 74 individuals who were close contacts that were identified through contact tracing, and exposed individuals were monitored in quarantine with daily polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing.

COVID-19 Super Spreading Event Amongst Elderly Individuals - Jilin Province, China, January 2021.

Summary:

Unlabelled: Clusters of COVID-19 cases often happened in small settings (e.g., families, offices, school, or workplaces) that facilitate person-to-person virus transmission, especially from a common exposure.

Effects of Varicella Vaccine Time of First Dose and Coverage of Second Dose - Beijing and Ningbo, China, 2012-2018.

What Is Already Known About This Topic?: The effectiveness of the two-dose vaccination schedule of varicella is better than that of one dose, but the vaccination schedule and coverage of varicella varies based on provinces in the mainland of China and has differing effects.

What Is Added By This Report?: Earlier vaccination of the first dose may reduce the varicella incidence, and improving the vaccination coverage rates of the second dose will further reduce the varicella incidence.

What Are The Implications For Public Health Practice?: Taking the first dose of vaccination promptly at 12 months old and improving the coverage of second dose of vaccination may play an important role in varicella prevention and control in China.

Risk Factors for Death Among the First 80 543 Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Cases in China: Relationships Between Age, Underlying Disease, Case Severity, and Region.

Background: Knowledge of COVID-19 epidemiology remains incomplete and crucial questions persist. We aimed to examine risk factors for COVID-19 death.

Methods: A total of 80 543 COVID-19 cases reported in China, nationwide, through 8 April 2020 were included.

A systematic literature review to assess the burden of herpes zoster disease in China.

Introduction: Herpes zoster (HZ) or shingles occurs as a result of reactivation after a primary infection with varicella zoster virus (chickenpox). The burden of HZ in older adults in China is not well understood. We conducted a systematic literature review to understand the burden of disease related to HZ, its complications, and associated costs in China.

Effect of Shaft Diameter on the Hydrodynamic Torque of Butterfly Valve Disk.

In this study, computational fluid dynamics (cfd) software and detached eddy simulation turbulence model were used to simulate butterfly valves with different designs. The effects of shaft diameters on the value and the fluctuation of valve disk torque were studied, and the physical reason was discussed. The simulation results were verified by comparing with the experimental data.

Three Zr(IV)-Substituted Polyoxotungstate Aggregates: Structural Transformation from Tungstoantimonate to Tungstophosphate Induced by pH.

Three novel Zr-substituted polyoxotungstate aggregates [HN(CH)]NaH[ZrSbO(-α-PWO)]·16HO (), [HN(CH)]H[ZrSb(OH)O(-α-PWO)(-α-PWO)]·33HO (), and [HN(CH)]NaH[ZrWSbPO(OH)(-α-SbWO)]·53HO () have been made in hydrothermal reactions of the [-α-SbWO] precursor with Zr cations and PO anions in the presence of dimethylamine hydrochloride and sodium acetate buffer (pH = 4.8) and structurally characterized. Different pH values induce structural transformation from tungstoantimonate (TA) to tungstophosphate (TP).

Nonanuclear Heterometal Five-Layer Sandwich-Type Polyoxometalate.

A new nonanuclear heterometal five-layer sandwich silicotungstate [HN(CH)]HNaK{[NaMnO(OAc)][SiWO]}·34HO () has been made under hydrothermal reactions of MnCl·4HO, KMnO, trivacant [-α-SiWO] {SiW} fragment, and [HN(CH)]·Cl in NaOAc-HOAc buffer (pH = 4.8). The polyoxoanion of is a sandwich architecture, in which the nonanuclear heterometal cluster [NaMnO(OAc)] made of two triangular pyramid clusters [MnO(OAc)] {Mn} via a hexacoordinate antitrigonal prism Na linkage is encapsulated by two trivacant fragments of {SiW}.

A new octa-Mn-substituted poly(polyoxotungstate).

A novel octa-Mn-substituted silicotungstate (ST) [HN(CH)]HNa{[K(HO)WO][SiMnWO]}[SiMnWO]·27HO (1) has been made by the hydrothermal reaction of the trivacant [A-α-SiWO] ({SiW}) building block with Mn and Mn cations in the presence of dimethylamine hydrochloride and systematically characterized by IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and single crystal X-ray diffraction. 1 is a tetrameric cluster formed by a hexa-Mn substituted cyclic trimeric {[K(HO)WO][SiMnWO]} unit and a {SiMnWO} fragment via two W-O-Mn linkers. Furthermore, its electrochemistry, thermal stability and magnetic properties have been studied.

Disease burden of community acquired pneumonia among children under 5 y old in China: A population based survey.

Background: To obtain the baseline data on the incidence and cost of community acquired pneumonia among under-5 children for future studies, and provide evidence for shaping China's strategies regarding pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV).

Methods: Three townships from Heilongjiang, Hebei and Gansu Province and one community in Shanghai were selected as study areas. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data on incidence and cost of pneumonia among children under 5 y old in 2012.

The Public Health Burden of Rotavirus Disease in Children Younger Than Five Years and Considerations for Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction in China.

Background: Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe diarrhea among young children worldwide. Rotavirus vaccines have demonstrated substantial benefits in many countries that have introduced vaccine nationally. In China, where rotavirus vaccines are not available through the national immunization program, it will be important to review relevant local and global information to determine the potential value of national introduction.

Disease Burden Due to Herpes Zoster among Population Aged ≥50 Years Old in China: A Community Based Retrospective Survey.

Objective: To understand the disease burden due to Herpes Zoster (HZ) among people aged ≥50 years old in China and provide baseline data for future similar studies, and provide evidence for development of herpes zoster vaccination strategy.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study was conducted in 4 townships and one community. A questionnaire was used to collect information on incidence and cost of HZ among people aged ≥ 50 years old.

Identification and control of a poliomyelitis outbreak in Xinjiang, China.

Background: The last case of infection with wild-type poliovirus indigenous to China was reported in 1994, and China was certified as a poliomyelitis-free region in 2000. In 2011, an outbreak of infection with imported wild-type poliovirus occurred in the province of Xinjiang.

Methods: We conducted an investigation to guide the response to the outbreak, performed sequence analysis of the poliovirus type 1 capsid protein VP1 to determine the source, and carried out serologic and coverage surveys to assess the risk of viral propagation.