Sinomenine hydrochloride improves DSS-induced colitis in mice through inhibition of the Notch signaling pathway.

Objective: To study the therapeutic effect of sinomenine hydrochloride (SH) on dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice as an animal model and the changes of Notch signaling pathway in colon tissue of mice after treatment.

Methods: Twenty-four mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, SH low-dose group (20 mg/kg) and SH high-dose group (60 mg/kg), with 6 mice in each group. Disease activity index (DAI), colonic mucosal injury index and colonic histopathological score were calculated.

Vertical directional coupling based grating emission engineering for optical phased arrays: publisher's note.

This publisher's note contains a correction to Opt. Lett.49, 3102 (2024)10.

Microcystin-LR induces fatty liver metabolic disease in zebrafish through the PPARα-NOD1 pathway: In vivo, in vitro, and in silico investigations.

Hepatic lipid metabolism dysfunction caused by cyanobacteria bloom-released microcystin-LR (MC-LR) contributes to the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), thereby severely impacting the health and safety of animals and humans. In this study, the effects and mechanisms of different environmental concentrations of MC-LR (0, 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/L) on fatty liver metabolic disease in zebrafish were investigated using in vivo, in vitro, and in silico models.

Robust, Antifouling, and Hydrophilic Particle-Based Double-Network Hydrogel-PVDF Interpenetrating Microfiltration Membrane.

Poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes with highly hydrophilic and antifouling properties are desirable for oily wastewater treatment. Herein, we report (1) a strategy of bulk modification of PVDF by integration of PVDF and a particle-based double-network (PDN) hydrogel, poly-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate/polyacrylamide (PAMPS/PAAm), via a strong PDN and PVDF interpenetrating polymer network (PDN-PVDF IPN) to obtain a PVDF/PDN solution and (2) the subsequent casting of it into a microfiltration membrane via spray-assisted non-solvent-induced phase separation (SANIPS). The IPN structure modulates the surface segregation behavior of the highly hydrophilic and robust PDN hydrogel in the process of SANIPS, endowing the resulting PVDF/PDN membrane with excellent bulk mechanical properties and much enhanced wettability and thereby high oil/water emulsion separation efficiency and antifouling performance.

Case report: A follow-up report of omental packing and drug therapy for canine prostate adenocarcinoma.

Canine prostate is susceptible to diseases such as cysts, abscesses, and tumors. A 15-year-old male castrated Chinese rural dog underwent staged treatment. Preliminary diagnosis is based on examination results, including clinical symptoms (tenesmus, dysuria, frequent urination, and hematuria); hematology (elevated neutrophil count); X-rays (swelling of the prostate); ultrasound examination (less uniform echo in the prostate region, no echo effect in parenchyma); biopsy smear of prostate tissue (large number of neutrophils and rod-shaped bacteria).

Integrative analysis of non12-hydroxylated bile acid revealed the suppressed molecular map of alternative pathway in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis mice.

Bile acids (BAs) are significantly altered in the liver and serum of patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the underlying mechanisms of these changes, particularly BA alternative pathways (BAP) responsible for non12-OH BAs, remain unclear. RNA-seq data were initially analyzed to reveal the changes of gene expression in NASH patients.

Long-term effects of dead algal deposition on sediment surfaces: Behavior of endogenous phosphorus release in sediments.

Algae blooms are frequently triggered owing to the improvements in aquatic trophic levels. The aggregated algae from these blooms are eventually dead and accumulate on sediment surfaces, impacting the microenvironment and phosphorus cycling in aquatic systems. However, research on the effects of naturally dead algal deposition on endogenous P release from sediments is lacking.

An AI-driven preoperative radiomic subtype for predicting the prognosis and treatment response of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Purpose: 8-28% of Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) experience recurrence, complicating risk stratification and treatment. We previously identified an inflammatory molecular subtype of PTC associated with poor prognosis. Based on this subtype, we aimed to develop and validate a noninvasive radiomic signature to predict prognosis and treatment response in PTC patients.

YB1 and its role in osteosarcoma: a review.

YB1 (Y box binding protein 1), a multifunctional protein capable of binding to DNA/RNA, is present in most cells and acts as a splicing factor. It is involved in numerous cellular processes such as transcription, translation, and DNA repair, significantly affecting cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Abnormal expression of this protein is closely linked to the formation of various malignancies (osteosarcoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, breast cancer, etc.

Nanocrystalline alloy-mediated delivery of mosaic epitope peptides for universal influenza vaccine.

Seasonal influenza infection poses great threat to public health systems. The flu vaccine remains the most effective method to reduce transmission and mortality. However, its effectiveness is limited due to the challenges in protecting against all influenza variants, as well as the weaker immune response observed in the adult population.

Anaerobic treatment of nitrogenous industrial organic wastewater by carbon-neutral processes integrated with anaerobic digestion and partial nitritation/anammox: Critical review of current advances and future directions.

Anaerobic digestion combined with partial nitritation/anammox technology holds promising potential for the carbon-neutral treatment of nitrogenous industrial organic wastewater, boasting remarkable advantages in effective removal of both organic matters and nitrogen, bio-energy recovery and carbon emission reduction. This study provides a concise overview of the development and advantages of anaerobic digestion combined with partial nitritation/anammox technology for treating nitrogenous industrial organic wastewater. The process excels in removing organic matter and nitrogen, recovering bio-energy, and reducing carbon emissions, compared to traditional physicochemical and biological methods.

SARS-CoV-2 NSP6 reduces autophagosome size and affects viral replication via sigma-1 receptor.

Unlabelled: Autophagy is a cellular self-defense mechanism by which cells can kill invading pathogenic microorganisms and increase the presentation of components of pathogens as antigens. Contrarily, pathogens can utilize autophagy to enhance their own replication. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) NSP6 can interact with ATPase proton pump component to inhibit lysosomal acidification, which was implicated in the autophagy process.

Sequential extraction of hawthorn pectin: An attempt to reveal their original mode of being in plants and functional properties.

Hawthorn is rich in pectin, which is much higher than most cultivated fruits, but conventional extraction methods do not meet the requirements of low energy consumption and green production. Pectin in hawthorn is divided into soluble and insoluble parts, and with the ripening of hawthorn, the original pectin is converted into soluble pectin and pectic acid under the action of enzymes. Therefore, based on the characteristics of hawthorn pectin, this study sequentially extracted hawthorn pectin using water-soluble pectin (WSP) and hot acid-soluble pectin (HAP) method, verifying the feasibility of extracting hawthorn pectin with pure water at room temperature, and systematically analyzing and comparing the physicochemical properties and functional characteristics of the two methods.

Impact of elevated CO on microbial communities and functions in riparian sediments: Role of pollution levels in modulating effects.

The impact of elevated CO levels on microorganisms is a focal point in studying the environmental effects of global climate change. A growing number of studies have demonstrated the importance of the direct effects of elevated CO on microorganisms, which are confounded by indirect effects that are not easily identified. Riparian zones have become key factor in identifying the environmental effects of global climate change because of their special location.

Optimized Machine Learning Models for Predicting Core Body Temperature in Dairy Cows: Enhancing Accuracy and Interpretability for Practical Livestock Management.

Heat stress poses a significant challenge to livestock farming, particularly affecting the health and productivity of high-yield dairy cows. This study develops a machine learning framework aimed at predicting the core body temperature (CBT) of dairy cows to enable more effective heat stress management and enhance animal welfare. The dataset includes 3005 records of physiological data from real-world production environments, encompassing environmental parameters, individual animal characteristics, and infrared temperature measurements.