Left ventricular volume reduction surgery in the middle East.

Heart transplantation is not yet socially acceptable in the Middle East, and left ventricular assist facilities are not generally available in this region. Therefore, left ventricular volume reduction surgery was attempted in 41 patients with end-stage heart failure (33 males; median age, 36.3 years) in 4 Middle Eastern tertiary referral centers between February 1996 and January 2001.