Publications by authors named "Daosheng Ai"

Article Synopsis
  • The subcommissural organ (SCO) is a brain gland whose function remains largely unclear, despite being present in a variety of species, including humans.
  • A comparison of gene expression in the SCO versus non-SCO brain areas revealed three key genes (Sspo, Car3, and Spdef) that are highly active in the SCO.
  • Genetic removal of SCO cells during embryonic development led to significant brain issues like hydrocephalus and impaired neuron growth, but introducing certain peptides from the SCO helped to alleviate these developmental problems.
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Article Synopsis
  • The subcommissural organ (SCO) is a brain gland found in various species, but its specific functions remain largely unclear.
  • Research identified three genes that are significantly active in the SCO and showed that disrupting these genes in mice led to severe brain issues, including hydrocephalus and neuronal development problems.
  • The study also discovered three peptides produced by the SCO that, when reintroduced into affected brain areas, helped mitigate developmental defects, highlighting the SCO's essential role in brain development.
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Background: Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) has been explored as a potential biomarker for various inflammatory diseases and cardiovascular events. This study aimed to assess the predictive role of GDF-15 levels in cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality, considering traditional risk factors and other biomarkers.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted and 3699 patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) were enrolled into the research.

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Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs) and spinal cord cavernous malformations (SCCMs) are common vascular abnormalities of the CNS that can lead to seizure, haemorrhage and other neurological deficits. Approximately 85% of patients present with sporadic (versus congenital) CCMs. Somatic mutations in MAP3K3 and PIK3CA were recently reported in patients with sporadic CCM, yet it remains unknown whether MAP3K3 mutation is sufficient to induce CCMs.

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Motivation: Sequencing-based 3D genome mapping technologies can identify loops formed by interactions between regulatory elements hundreds of kilobases apart. Existing loop-calling tools are mostly restricted to a single data type, with accuracy dependent on a predefined resolution contact matrix or called peaks, and can have prohibitive hardware costs.

Results: Here, we introduce cLoops ('see loops') to address these limitations.

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In vertebrates, hematopoiesis occurring in different niches is orchestrated by intrinsic and extrinsic regulators. Previous studies have revealed numerous linear and planar regulatory mechanisms. However, a multi-dimensional transcriptomic atlas of any given hematopoietic organ has not yet been established.

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A few families of transposable elements (TEs) have been shown to evolve into -regulatory elements (CREs). Here, to extend these studies to all classes of TEs in the human genome, we identified widespread enhancer-like repeats (ELRs) and find that ELRs reliably mark cell identities, are enriched for lineage-specific master transcription factor binding sites, and are mostly primate-specific. In particular, elements of MIR and L2 TE families whose abundance co-evolved across chordate genomes, are found as ELRs in most human cell types examined.

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Experimental large-scale screens for drug repositioning are limited by restriction to in vitro conditions and lack of applicability to real human conditions. Here, we developed an in silico screen in human in vivo conditions using a reference of single gene mutations' non-tissue-specific "core transcriptome signatures" (CSs) of 8,476 genes generated from the TCGA database. We developed the core-signature drug-to-gene (csD2G) software to scan 3,546 drug treatment profiles against the reference signatures.

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