A novel residual block: replace Conv1× 1 with Conv3×3 and stack more convolutions.

The residual structure has an important influence on the design of the neural network model. The neural network model based on residual structure has excellent performance in computer vision tasks. However, the performance of classical residual networks is restricted by the size of receptive fields, channel information, spatial information and other factors.

A single dose of Astragalus saponins adjuvanted inactivated vaccine for pseudorabies virus protected mice against lethal challenge.

Pseudorabies (PR) is an important infectious disease of swine that causes enormous economic losses to the swine industry in China. Immunization with vaccines is a routine practice to control this disease. PRV inactivated vaccines usually require a booster vaccination to provide complete immune protection.

Protective efficacy of intranasal inactivated pseudorabies vaccine is improved by combination adjuvant in mice.

Pseudorabies virus (PRV) not only causes great economic loss to the pig industry but also seriously threatens the biosafety of other mammals, including humans. Since 2011, PRV mutant strains have emerged widely in China, and the classical Bartha-K61 vaccine cannot confer complete protection for pigs. PRV mainly infects pigs the respiratory tract.

Colossal Room-Temperature Terahertz Topological Response in Type-II Weyl Semimetal NbIrTe.

The electromagnetic spectrum between microwave and infrared light is termed the "terahertz (THz) gap," of which there is an urgent lack of feasible and efficient room-temperature (RT) THz detectors. Type-II Weyl semimetals (WSMs) have been predicted to host significant RT topological photoresponses in low-frequency regions, especially in the THz gap, well addressing the shortcomings of THz detectors. However, such devices have not been experimentally realized yet.

Neural Dynamics Underlying Cognitive Control Modulated by Reinforcement Learning of Irrelevant Stimulus-Response Associations.

Human behavioral studies have shown that reward has multifaceted (motivational, learning, and emotional) effects on cognitive control. Past studies have extensively explored the neural underpinning of the motivational effect of reward on cognitive control, but less is known on the other components. The present study investigates the learning effect of reward on cognitive control with a novel paradigm reinforcing task-irrelevant stimulus-response (S-R) associations.

Great Enhancement Effect of 20-40 nm Ag NPs on Solar-Blind UV Response of the Mixed-Phase MgZnO Detector.

High-performance solar-blind UV detector with high response and fast speed is needed in multiple types of areas, which is hard to achieve in one device with a simple structure and device fabrication process. Here, the effects of Ag nanoparticles (NPs) with different sizes on UV response characteristics of the device are studied, the Ag NPs with different sizes that are made from a simple vacuum anneal method. Ag NPs with different sizes could modulate the peak response position of the mixed-phase MgZnO detector from near UV range (350 nm) to deep UV range (235 nm), and the enhancement effect of the Ag NPs on the UV response differs much with the crystal structure and the basic UV response of the MgZnO thin film.

Photo detection and modulation from 1,550 to 2,000 nm realized by a GeSn/Ge multiple-quantum-well photodiode on a 300-mm Si substrate.

A GeSn/Ge multiple-quantum-well (MQW) p-i-n photodiode structure was proposed for simultaneously realizing high detectivity photo detection with low dark current and effective optical modulation based on the quantum confined Stark (QCSE) effect. The MQW stacks were grown on a 300-mm Ge-buffered Si substrate using reduced pressure chemical vapor deposition (RPCVD). GeSn/Ge MQW p-i-n photodiodes with varying mesa diameters were fabricated and characterized.

The immunogenicity of the virus-like particles derived from the VP2 protein of porcine parvovirus.

Porcine parvovirus (PPV) is a major cause of the syndrome of sow reproductive failure that can cause economic losses. In this study, we developed a subunit vaccine against porcine parvovirus (PPV), composed of virus-like particles (VLPs) derived from a prokaryotic system, and evaluated its potential against PPV infection. The soluble recombinant VP2 protein was expressed in E.

Reduction of Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome-Associated Clinical Symptoms by Virus-Like Particle Vaccine Against Porcine Parvovirus and Porcine Circovirus Type 2.

The porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) capsid (Cap) protein and porcine parvovirus (PPV) VP2 protein have been studied in vaccines to control postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). Virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines are nonreplicative vectors that deliver epitopes and induce immune responses. However, most VLP vaccines are recombinant proteins expressed in eukaryotic systems and are expensive and complex.

Identification of a RIP1 Kinase Inhibitor Clinical Candidate (GSK3145095) for the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer.

RIP1 regulates cell death and inflammation and is believed to play an important role in contributing to a variety of human pathologies, including immune-mediated inflammatory diseases and cancer. While small-molecule inhibitors of RIP1 kinase have been advanced to the clinic for inflammatory diseases and CNS indications, RIP1 inhibitors for oncology indications have yet to be described. Herein we report on the discovery and profile of GSK3145095 (compound ).

Broadband Absorption Tailoring of SiO/Cu/ITO Arrays Based on Hybrid Coupled Resonance Mode.

Sub-wavelength artificial photonic structures can be introduced to tailor and modulate the spectrum of materials, thus expanding the optical applications of these materials. On the basis of SiO/Cu/ITO arrays, a hybrid coupled resonance (HCR) mechanism, including the epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) mode of ITO, local surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) mode and the microstructural gap resonance (GR) mode, was proposed and researched by systematically regulating the array period and layer thickness. The optical absorptions of the arrays were simulated under different conditions by the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method.

Defect-Induced Tunable Permittivity of Epsilon-Near-Zero in Indium Tin Oxide Thin Films.

Defect-induced tunable permittivity of Epsilon-Near-Zero (ENZ) in indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films via annealing at different temperatures with mixed gases (98% Ar, 2% O₂) was reported. Red-shift of λ (Epsilon-Near-Zero wavelength) from 1422 nm to 1995 nm in wavelength was observed. The modulation of permittivity is dominated by the transformation of plasma oscillation frequency and carrier concentration depending on Drude model, which was produced by the formation of structural defects and the reduction of oxygen vacancy defects during annealing.

Tween-20 transiently changes the surface morphology of PK-15 cells and improves PCV2 infection.

Background: Low concentrations of nonionic surfactants can change the physical properties of cell membranes, and thus and in turn increase drug permeability. Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is an extremely slow-growing virus, and PCV2 infection of PK-15 cells yields very low viral titers. The present study investigates the effect of various nonionic surfactants, namely, Tween-20, Tween-28, Tween-40, Tween-80, Brij-30, Brij-35, NP-40, and Triton X-100 on PCV2 infection and yield in PK-15 cells.

Laser induced photocatalytic activity enhancement of TiO thin films.

In this paper, the photocatalytic activity enhancement of TiO thin films was realized by laser irradiation. The H yield of the as-irradiated film is 79 μmol/(h*m), which is 33% more than that of the as-deposited TiO film. Spectrophotometer, X-ray diffraction and Raman system were employed to characterize the samples.

Interaction between graphene-coated nanowires revisited with transformation optics.

The interaction between graphene-coated nanostructures provides interesting optical properties not found in isolated graphene plasmonic structures. However, full-analytical solutions, which can provide deep physical insights underlying the hybrid graphene plasmonic systems, are difficult to achieve. In this Letter, we deploy the theory of transformation optics to study the plasmonic interactions between two dielectric-core-graphene-shell nanowires.

Polarization invariant plasmonic nanostructures for sensing applications.

Optics-based sensing platform working under unpolarized light illumination is of practical importance in the sensing applications. For this reason, sensing platforms based on localized surface plasmons are preferred to their integrated optics counterparts for their simple mode excitation and inexpensive implementation. However, their optical response under unpolarized light excitation is typically weak due to their strong polarization dependence.

Multifunctional Hyperbolic Nanogroove Metasurface for Submolecular Detection.

Metasurface serves as a promising plasmonic sensing platform for engineering the enhanced light-matter interactions. Here, a hyperbolic metasurface with the nanogroove structure in the subwavelength scale is designed. This metasurface is able to modify the wavefront and wavelength of surface plasmon wave with the variation of the nanogroove width or periodicity.

Discovery of a First-in-Class Receptor Interacting Protein 1 (RIP1) Kinase Specific Clinical Candidate (GSK2982772) for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases.

RIP1 regulates necroptosis and inflammation and may play an important role in contributing to a variety of human pathologies, including immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Small-molecule inhibitors of RIP1 kinase that are suitable for advancement into the clinic have yet to be described. Herein, we report our lead optimization of a benzoxazepinone hit from a DNA-encoded library and the discovery and profile of clinical candidate GSK2982772 (compound 5), currently in phase 2a clinical studies for psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ulcerative colitis.

On-chip photonic Fourier transform with surface plasmon polaritons.

The Fourier transform (FT), a cornerstone of optical processing, enables rapid evaluation of fundamental mathematical operations, such as derivatives and integrals. Conventionally, a converging lens performs an optical FT in free space when light passes through it. The speed of the transformation is limited by the thickness and the focal length of the lens.

DNA-Encoded Library Screening Identifies Benzo[b][1,4]oxazepin-4-ones as Highly Potent and Monoselective Receptor Interacting Protein 1 Kinase Inhibitors.

The recent discovery of the role of receptor interacting protein 1 (RIP1) kinase in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated inflammation has led to its emergence as a highly promising target for the treatment of multiple inflammatory diseases. We screened RIP1 against GSK's DNA-encoded small-molecule libraries and identified a novel highly potent benzoxazepinone inhibitor series. We demonstrate that this template possesses complete monokinase selectivity for RIP1 plus unique species selectivity for primate versus nonprimate RIP1.

On-chip discrimination of orbital angular momentum of light with plasmonic nanoslits.

The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light can be taken as an independent and orthogonal degree of freedom for multiplexing in an optical communication system, potentially improving the system capacity to hundreds of Tbits per second. The high compactness and miniaturization of devices required for optical communications impose strict requirements on discriminating OAM modes of light at a small (micro- or even nano-meter) scale for demultiplexing; these requirements represent a challenge for traditional OAM sorting strategies. Here, we propose a semi-ring plasmonic nanoslit to directly and spatially sort various OAM modes of light into ∼120 nm-spaced mode intervals on the metallic surface.

Preferential Excitation of the Hybrid Magnetic-Electric Mode as a Limiting Mechanism for Achievable Fundamental Magnetic Resonance in Planar Aluminum Nanostructures.

Aluminum is a promising candidate for light at the nanoscale in the ultraviolet (UV); however, the realization of magnetic resonance in the UV range remains challenging due to stringent dimensional requirements arising from the intrinsic loss caused by the interband transition. Here, the mode interaction with the aluminum interband transition and preferential excitation of the hybrid magnetic-electric mode, as discovered in ultrasmall Al resonators, are reported.

Actively tunable Fano resonances based on colossal magneto-resistant metamaterials.

In this Letter, a periodic structure in which each unit cell consists of one manganese oxide (La(0.7)Ca(0.3)MnO(3)) strip and two gold strips is designed.

Evaluation of Chinese medicine Qian-Yu for chronic bacterial prostatitis in rats.

Objectives: Qian-Yu (QY), a Chinese medicine formula, has anti-inflammatory and broad spectrum anti-bacterial activity. This study is undertaken to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of Qian-Yu (QY) in chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP).

Materials And Methods: The potential of QY in the treatment of CBP was evaluated using a CBP animal model by examining the anti-inflammatory activity.

Aminomethylpiperazines as selective urotensin antagonists.

Aminomethylpiperazines, reported previously as being kappa-opioid receptor agonists, were identified as lead compounds in the development of selective urotensin receptor antagonists. Optimized substitution of the piperazine moiety has provided high affinity urotensin receptor antagonists with greater than 100-fold selectivity over the kappa-opioid receptor. Select compounds were found to inhibit urotensin-induced vasoconstriction in isolated rat aortic rings consistent with the hypothesis that an urotensin antagonist may be useful for the treatment of hypertension.