[Experiences with the use of oscillating high frequency ventilation].

Our investigations have demonstrated that the effect of oscillatory high-frequency ventilation (HFO) on gas exchange in dogs is directly proportional to the oscillatory flow amplitude VM. Because of the equation: VM = PM/Z, gas exchange is increasing with rising oscillatory amplitude of the ventilation pressure PM and decreasing with rising impedance Z of the respiratory system. This system consists of endotracheal tube and the lungs of the dog investigated.

The influence of hypoxia and hyperoxia during metabolic acidosis and alkalosis on pulmonary haemodynamics.

In anaesthetised, mechanically ventilated Beagle dogs a moderate metabolic acidosis increased the pulmonary vascular resistance to a greater extent than moderate hypoxia. Alkalosis and hyperoxia did not alter the pulmonary vascular tone.

[Equipment combination for the use of normal frequency and high frequency jet ventilation].

Over the last eight years high-frequency ventilation has been extensively evaluated both in the clinical and laboratory settings. Two types of jet ventilators for application of normofrequency and high-frequency jet ventilation have been developed. A combined equipment is described with gas mixer, heater-humidifier, monitoring, membrane solenoid valve and a special injection system.

[Use of high frequency ventilation in patients with respiratory insufficiency].

High frequency ventilation is very common today for treatment of patients with respiratory insufficiency in the ICU as well as intraoperatively. This special kind of artificial ventilation is suitable for patients with decreased lung volume and reduced thoracic and lung compliance. Favourable results in the treatment of ARDS are described.

[Animal experiment studies of morphologic changes in the trachea and lung in high frequency ventilation].

Prolonged high frequency ventilation (24 hrs) in dogs leads to morphological changes in the trachea as well as in the bronchi. Erosive changes of tracheal epithelium were observed whereas small bronchi and bronchioli exhibited luminal obstructions by mucus plugs, caused by hypersecretion of goblet cells. Using histochemical methods degenerative changes of bronchiolar epithelium were observed.

[Results and assessment of ventilation and perfusion scintigraphic studies following left-sided homologous lung transplantation in the dog].

Left-sided homologous lung transplantations (LTP) were carried out in 18 mongrel dogs. Exhalation and perfusion scannings took place for interpreting the ventilation and perfusion in the postoperative course. The per cent Xe133 storage and the exhalation per minute show the significant reduction of the ventilation in the transplants dependent on the duration of the postoperative interval.

[Arteriosclerotic aneurysm as an unexpected intraoperative finding].

Unexpected arteriosclerotic aneurysms were found in 11 patients during operation performed for other reasons. They were located in the abdominal part of the aorta (8 cases), in the popliteal artery (2 cases) and in the cranial mesenterial artery (1 case). Complications of these aneurysms such as rupture or peripheral embolization, led to surgical intervention in 5 patients.

[Diagnostic value of chest x-ray film in recognizing complications following homologous lung transplantation in the dog].

The postoperative controls of the course after unilateral homologous lung transplantation were interpreted by chest X-ray films of 86 dogs. Radiomorphologic findings in the transplanted lung had developed 69% of the surviving animals in the end of the 5th and 80% on the 9th postoperative day. The descriptive phenomena of the chest X-ray films were compared with the post-mortem findings concerning their etiology.

[The significance of pulmonary artery angiography in the early postoperative phase following unilateral homologous lung transplantation].

In animal experiments there was carried out the homologous left-sided lung transplantation in quest of possibilities in therapy of the respiratory failure. Postoperative angiographies of the pulmonary artery took place in general anesthesia in 14 operated dogs to disclose vascular changes in the transplant at the early postoperative phase qualified by operation and rejection. The evaluation of the anastomosis of the pulmonary artery succeeded very well whereas the assertation about the venous anastomoses remains uncertain.

[Allogenic lung transplantations following pretreatment of recipients with donor-specific splenic antigens].

Lung transplantations were carried out in 20 not immunologically selected mongrel dogs which were pretreated with donor specific spleno-antigen mixture. The average survival time was double the size (12.3 days) as in a control group of untreated dogs after allogenic lung transplantation.

[Results of studies on dogs after unilateral allogeneic lung transplantation without immunosuppression].

The observations and the results after allogenic lung transplantation in 24 receivers were reported. The animals were not treated immuno-suppressively. They survived 6.

[Complications of experimental lung transplantations].

Experimental lung transplantations are burdened with a very high rate of complications even is there is a strict consideration of sterile precautions. These complications occur predominantly directly in connection with organ rejection. Extrathoracic complications are rare and predominantly attributed to arterial embolism.

[Morphologic studies on in experimental lung transplantations. II. Light microscopic and histochemical findings in the transplanted homologous dog lung].

Morphologic Studies (light-microscopy, enzyme histochemistry, semi thin-layer preparation) on homografted canine lungs with and without immuno-suppressive therapy (Azathioprin, resp. anti-thymocyte serum) reveal different findings from untreated control animals and those after immuno-suppressive treatment. Under Azathioprin as well as anti-thymocyte serum the signs of rejection are attenuated, and regular pulmonary tissue is maintained in larger areas.

[The thoracic radiographic picture in routine monitoring following unilateral allogenic lung transplantation in the dog].

Undesired effects of nonspecific immunosuppression may be delimited by individual dosage. Early recognition of allograft rejection is the presupposition for that steering. As long as immunologic test methods require a great expense of equipment, personnel, and time, and as other methods (bronchospirometry, lung puncture) after lung transplantation additionally endanger the recipient, clinical routine examinations are particularly important, primarly thorax x-ray examinations.

[Experimental lung transplantation at the Research Institute for Lung Diseases and Tuberculosis Berlin-Buch. Technical standard and quality].

Report on the technical standard of unilateral orthotopic allogenic lung transplantation (allo- or homotransplantation) which has been developed and tried on animals since years at The Institute for Research on Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis in Berlin-Buch. Technical insufficiencies which are crucial for essential alterations of the graft in autogenous lung transplantation (replantation) can not be excluded in allogenic transplantations also. By means of certain direct and indirect criteria the authors examined the development of quality of the technical standard between the years 1973 and 1976.

[Acid base-balance after lung resections (author's transl)].

Thoracotomy and lung-resection are often followed by a decrease of the oxygenation of blood and disturbances of the acid-base-balance. Both ventilation and circulation must be restored to normal and therefore adequate levels of cardiac output, peripheral resistance, electrolytes and kidney-function are required.

[Morphological studies of experimental lung transplantation. I. Light microscopic and histochemical findings in autotransplants of dog lungs].

Morphological investigations (light microscopy, semithin sections, histochemistry) on autografted lungs showed two changes with mifferent regional distributions. In the upper lobes were found focal areas of slight fibrosis, in the upper and lower lobes degenerative changes especially of the small bronchi and bronchioles with a focal loss of activity of alkaline phosphatase, nonspecific esterase and some dehydrogenase. Possible reasons for these morphological changes are discussed in connection with functional and biochemical results.

[Diaphragmatic and lung abnormalities (author's transl)].

This report deals with diaphragmatic abnormalities, their origin, anatomy, clinical features, therapy and prognosis. A rare deformity of the diaphragm: aplasia of the left side combined with hypoplasia of the left lung and a mediastinal abnormality is described and problems of diagnosis and surgical therapy are discussed.