The correlation between protein energy wasting and the incidence of main adverse cardiovascular events in adult maintenance hemodialysis patients: a single-center retrospective cohort study.

Background: Protein energy wasting (PEW) is prevalent in adult maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients. Concurrently, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain a leading cause of mortality in MHD patients. However, the relationship between PEW and CVD in MHD patients remains unclear.

External validation of a novel nomogram for diagnosis of Protein Energy Wasting in adult hemodialysis patients.

Background: Protein Energy Wasting (PEW) has high incidence in adult hemodialysis patients and refers to a state of decreased protein and energy substance. It has been demonstrated that PEW highly affects the quality of survival and increases the risk of death. Nevertheless, its diagnostic criteria are complex in clinic.

The disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like (DOT1L) promotes peritoneal fibrosis through the upregulation and activation of protein tyrosine kinases.

The disruptor of telomeric silencing 1-like (DOT1L), a specific histone methyltransferase that catalyzed methylation of histone H3 on lysine 79, was associated with the pathogenesis of many diseases, but its role in peritoneal fibrosis remained unexplored. Here, we examined the role of DOT1L in the expression and activation of protein tyrosine kinases and development of peritoneal fibrosis. We found that a significant rise of DOT1L expression in the fibrotic peritoneum tissues from long-term PD patients and mice.

Rituximab treatment for refractory nephrotic syndrome in adults: a multicenter retrospective study.

Background: The treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome (RNS) is full of challenges and the role of rituximab (RTX) is not well-established, thus this study aims to demonstrate the role of RTX in RNS.

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study of all adult patients receiving RTX for RNS. Patients enrolled were divided into two groups according to pathological pattern: 20 patients as a group of podocytopathy (including minimal change disease [MCD] and focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis [FSGS]), and 26 patients as membranous nephropathy (MN) group.

Enhancer of zeste homolog 2 promotes renal fibrosis after acute kidney injury by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition and activation of M2 macrophage polarization.

Long-term follow-up data indicates that 1/4 patients with acute kidney injury (AKI) will develop to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our previous studies have demonstrated that enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) played an important role in AKI and CKD. However, the role and mechanisms of EZH2 in AKI-to-CKD transition are still unclear.

Histone deacetylase 8 inhibition prevents the progression of peritoneal fibrosis by counteracting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and blockade of M2 macrophage polarization.

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an effective replacement therapy for end-stage renal disease patients. However, long-term exposure to peritoneal dialysate will lead to the development of peritoneal fibrosis. Epigenetics has been shown to play an important role in peritoneal fibrosis, but the role of histone deacetylases 8 (HDAC8) in peritoneal fibrosis have not been elucidated.

The global region-specific epidemiologic characteristics of influenza: World Health Organization FluNet data from 1996 to 2021.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate region-specific epidemiologic characteristics of influenza and influenza transmission zones (ITZs).

Methods: Weekly influenza surveillance data of 156 countries from 1996 to 2021 were obtained using FluNet. Joinpoint regression was used to describe global influenza virus trends, and clustering analyses were used to classify the ITZs.

The clinical application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in infectious diseases at a tertiary hospital in China.

Background: Compared with traditional diagnostic methods (TDMs), rapid diagnostic methods for infectious diseases (IDs) are urgently needed. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) has emerged as a promising diagnostic technology for clinical infections.

Methods: This retrospective observational study was performed at a tertiary hospital in China between May 2019 and August 2022.

Global influenza vaccination rates and factors associated with influenza vaccination.

Objectives: Influenza vaccination is an effective method for preventing influenza virus infection. Herein, we performed a meta-analysis to quantify global influenza vaccination rates (IVRs) and the factors influencing its uptake in the general population, individuals with chronic diseases, pregnant women, and healthcare workers.

Methods: Related articles were obtained from online databases and screened according to the inclusion criteria.

Global burden and trends of rotavirus infection-associated deaths from 1990 to 2019: an observational trend study.

Background: Rotavirus is the leading global pathogen of diarrhea-associated mortality and poses a great threat to public health in all age groups. This study aimed to explore the global burden and 30-year change patterns of rotavirus infection-associated deaths.

Methods: Based on the Global Burden of Disease 2019 Study (GBD 2019), we analyzed the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) of rotavirus infection by sex, geographical region, and sociodemographic index (SDI) from 1990 to 2019.

Meteorological Factors Affecting Infectious Diarrhea in Different Climate Zones of China.

Meteorological factors and the increase in extreme weather events are closely related to the incidence rate of infectious diarrhea. However, few studies have explored whether the impact of the same meteorological factors on the incidence rate of infectious diarrhea in different climate regions has changed and quantified these changes. In this study, the time series fixed-effect Poisson regression model guided by climate was used to quantify the relationships between the incidence rate of various types of infectious diarrhea and meteorological factors in different climate regions of China from 2004 to 2018, with a lag of 0-2 months.

Global Burden and Trends of Norovirus-Associated Diseases From 1990 to 2019: An Observational Trend Study.

Introduction: As an important pathogen causing diarrheal diseases, the burden and change in the death rate of norovirus-associated diseases (NADs) globally are still unknown.

Methods: Based on global disease burden data from 1990 to 2019, we analyzed the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) of NADs by age, region, country, and Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) level. The discrete Poisson model was applied in the analysis of NADs' spatiotemporal aggregation, the Joinpoint regression model to analyze the trend of death burden of NADs over 30 years, and a generalized linear model to identify the risk factors for the death rate from NADs.

Exhausted phenotype of circulating CD8 T cell subsets in hepatitis B virus carriers.

Background: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is characterized by the presence of dysfunctional exhausted CD8 T cells that hamper viral control. We investigated the phenotypic heterogeneity of exhausted CD8 T cells in HBV carriers.

Methods: We enrolled 31 HBV carriers and 23 healthy controls (HCs) in our study.

Psychological stress; knowledge, attitude and practice and acceptance of antiviral therapy in pregnant women with hepatitis B in Zhejiang, China: a case comparison study.

Objectives: To determine knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) and antiviral therapy's acceptance during pregnancy of pregnant women with hepatitis B and influencing factors.

Design: Case-comparison study.

Setting: The study was conducted in Zhejiang province, China, from September 2019 to December 2020.

Concurrence and impact of hepatic steatosis on chronic hepatitis B patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The association between hepatic steatosis (HS) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) remains controversial. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the latest concurrence rate and impact of HS on CHB patients.

Methods: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library from January 1, 2000 to December 2, 2020.

Impact of Coinfection With SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza on Disease Severity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Although coinfection with influenza in COVID-19 patients has drawn considerable attention, it is still not completely understood whether simultaneously infected with these two viruses influences disease severity. We therefore aimed to estimate the impact of coinfected with SARS-CoV-2 and influenza on the disease outcomes compared with the single infection of SARS-CoV-2. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database (CNKI) to identify relevant articles up to July 9, 2021.

Associations between Temperature and Influenza Activity: A National Time Series Study in China.

Previous studies have reported that temperature is the main meteorological factor associated with influenza activity. This study used generalized additive models (GAMs) to explore the relationship between temperature and influenza activity in China. From the national perspective, the average temperature (AT) had an approximately negative linear correlation with the incidence of influenza, as well as a positive rate of influenza H1N1 virus (A/H1N1).

Comparison of HBV-DNA and HBeAg as antiviral therapeutic indicators among HBV-infected pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hepatitis B virus deoxyribonucleic acid level (HBV-DNA) ≥5.3 log10IU/mL among pregnant women was recommended as an antiviral therapeutic indicator. However, implementation of HBV-DNA testing has varying difficulties in places.

Epidemiological Trends and Hotspots of Other Infectious Diarrhea in Mainland China: A Population-Based Surveillance Study From 2004 to 2017.

The incidence of other infectious diarrhea ranked second in class C notifiable disease in China. It has posed a great threat to public health of all age groups. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological trends and hotspots of OID in mainland China.

Characteristics of Viral Shedding Time in SARS-CoV-2 Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The viral shedding time (VST) of SARS-CoV-2 mainly determines its transmission and duration of infectiousness. However, it was heterogeneous in the existing studies. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to comprehensively summarize the VST of SARS-CoV-2.

Worldwide burden of genital human papillomavirus infection in female sex workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although female sex workers (FSWs) have long been identified as a key human papillomavirus (HPV)-affected population, the burden and scope of their disproportionate risk for HPV infection have not been systematically estimated. We therefore aimed to estimate the prevalence of HPV and the distribution of HPV types in FSWs at the country, regional and global levels.

Methods: We searched the PubMed, Embase, SCOPUS, EBSCO, ProQuest, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases for articles published between 1 January 1990 and 31 June 2019.

The epidemiological and radiographical characteristics of asymptomatic infections with the novel coronavirus (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: The role of asymptomatic infections in the transmission of COVID-19 have drawn considerable attention. Here, we performed a meta-analysis to summarize the epidemiological and radiographical characteristics of asymptomatic infections associated with COVID-19.

Methods: Data on the epidemiological and radiographical characteristics of asymptomatic infections were extracted from the existing literature.

V292I mutation in PB2 polymerase induces increased effects of E627K on influenza H7N9 virus replication in cells.

Characterization of host adaptation markers among human isolates is important for recognizing the potential for cross-species transmission in avian influenza A viruses. Here, we studied two new potential adaptive mutations, V292I and D740A, in the PB2 protein that were identified by a multi-factor regression model. The study shows that the prevalence of the PB2-V292I mutation is increased in H7N9 influenza viruses isolated from both humans and birds over the past 6 years.

Comparison of the immunogenicity and safety of quadrivalent and tetravalent influenza vaccines in children and adolescents.

Background: Children and adolescents are susceptible to influenza. Vaccination is the most important strategy for preventing influenza, yet there are few studies on the immunogenicity and safety of quadrivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (QIV) containing two A strains (H1N1 and H3N2) and two B lineages (Victoria and Yamagata). Therefore, to further clarify the immunogenicity and safety of QIV in children and adolescents, a meta-analysis was performed to provide a reference for the development of influenza prevention strategies.