Clinical features and outcomes of late-onset epilepsy of unknown etiology: A retrospective study in West China.

Purpose: Late-onset epilepsy (LOE) usually refers to the development of epilepsy at the age of 50 years or older. Approximately 20 % of LOE cases are diagnosed as late-onset epilepsy of unknown etiology (LOUE) due to a lack of an identifiable cause. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical features, seizure and cognitive outcomes of patients with LOUE in West China.

Tandem modification strategy on technical lignin realizing the balance of solubility and antioxidant activity in castor oil.

In this study, demethylated-acylated enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (DAEHL) with excellent solubility in castor oil and antioxidant activities were prepared via the tandem modification strategy. First, iodocyclohexane simultaneously achieved β-O-4 breakage and hydrogenation, which enhanced the antioxidant activity of lignin. Furthermore, the acylation reaction by palmitoyl chloride increased the alkyl content in the lignin, which can improve the solubility of lignin in castor oil.

Gaseous signaling molecule HS as a multitasking signal molecule in ROS metabolism of Oryza sativa under thiocyanate (SCN) pollution.

The induction of disruption in the electronic transport chain by thiocyanate (SCN) leads to an excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within rice (Oryza sativa). Hydrogen sulfide (HS) assumes a crucial role as a gaseous signaling molecule, holding significant potential in alleviating SCN-related stress. Nevertheless, there remains a dearth of understanding regarding the intricate interplay between HS and ROS in Oryza sativa amidst SCN pollution.

Efficient decomposition of perfluorooctane sulfonate by electrochemical activation of peroxymonosulfate in aqueous solution: Efficacy, reaction mechanism, active sites, and application potential.

The electrochemical oxidation method is a promising technology for the degradation of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). However, the elimination processes of PFOS are still unknown, including the electron transfer pathway, key reactive sites, and degradation mechanism. Here, we fabricated diatomite and cerium (Ce) co-modified SbO (D-Ce/SbO) anode to realize efficient degradation of PFOS via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation.

Insights into the molecular basis of long-term storage and survival of sperm in the honeybee (Apis mellifera).

Honeybee males produce ejaculates consisting of large numbers of high quality sperm. Because queens never re-mate after a single mating episode early in life, sperm are stored in a specialised organ for years but the proximate mechanisms underlying this key physiological adaptation are unknown. We quantified energy metabolism in honeybee sperm and show that the glycolytic metabolite glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GA3P) is a key substrate for honeybee sperm survival and energy production.