[Spontaneous temporal bone meningo-encephalocele].

Introduction: Spontaneous meningocele or meningoencephalocele of the temporal bone are very rare. Mostly they are result from otologic surgery or head trauma. Spontaneous meningoencephalocele may occur mostly in the epitympanum or mastoid antrum.

[Multiple bilateral lymphatic adenomas of the parotid glands].

Introduction: Multiple primary tumours of the parotid glands are very rare. They may occur unilaterally or bilaterally, synchronously or metachronously. Whartin's tumour is mostly find in bilateral parotid gland tumours.

Lymphangioma and lymphangiomyomatosis--the same lesion?

The authors present a very rare case observed in a 32 year old female with a huge tumor on the left side of the neck in which extensive changes characteristic for cystic lymphangioma in the lower part and for lymphangiomyomatosis in the upper part of the tumor were observed intraoperatively. On the basis of the discussed case the suggestion is put forward that these two rarely occurring diseases may have similar etiological grounds.

[Nasal-cardiac reflex].

The nasocardiac reflex is a little known reaction of nasomucosal origin. The nasocardiac reflex itself may lead to severe bradycardia or can even procure a very dramatic cardiac arrest following irritation or stimulation of the nerves in the nasal cavities or paranasal sinuses. To clarify the rules and mechanisms of the stimulation of the nasal mucosa influencing heart function, 80 healthy volunteers underwent the experiment.