The assay performance of electrochemical DNA (E-DNA) sensors is deeply influenced by the state of DNA probes immobilized on electrode. Moreover, the immobilization procedures for DNA probes are tedious and vary according to the probes and analytes. In this work, we find that the adsorption layers of bovine serum albumin (BSA) on gold electrode (AuE) possess a size exclusion effect to distinguish between single-stranded (-ss) DNA probes and the DNA fragments generated from enzymatic digestion of ssDNA probes.
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