Local Dynamic Stability of Trunk During Gait Can Detect Dynamic Imbalance in Subjects with Episodic Migraine.

Background/hypothesis: Motion sensitivity symptoms, such as dizziness or unsteadiness, are frequently reported as non-headache symptoms of migraine. Postural imbalance has been observed in subjects with vestibular migraine, chronic migraine, and aura. We aimed to assess the ability of largest Lyapunov's exponent for a short time series (sLLE), which reflects the ability to cope with internal perturbations during gait, to detect differences in local dynamic stability between individuals with migraine without aura (MO) with an episodic pattern between attacks and healthy subjects (HS).

Mixed Reality-Based Smart Occupational Therapy Personalized Protocol for Cerebellar Ataxic Patients.

Background: Occupational therapy (OT) is an essential component of patient care, and it is especially beneficial if focused on meaningful activities. For ataxic patients, traditional procedures are currently the most efficient, although without specific guidelines and suggestions for virtual reality integration. In this context, this study proposes Hybrid Smart Rehabilitation (HSR) based on mixed reality (MR) as an aid in overcoming limitations of the traditional OT procedures.

Differences in Trunk Acceleration-Derived Gait Indexes in Stroke Subjects with and without Stroke-Induced Immunosuppression.

: Stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII) represents a negative rehabilitative prognostic factor associated with poor motor performance at discharge from a neurorehabilitation unit (NRB). This study aims to evaluate the association between SII and gait impairment at NRB admission. : Forty-six stroke patients (65.

The role of stroke-induced immunosuppression as a predictor of functional outcome in the neurorehabilitation setting.

Stroke affects the interconnection between the nervous and immune systems, leading to a down-regulation of immunity called stroke-induced immunosuppression (SII). The primary aim of this study is to investigate SII role as a predictor of functional, neurological, and motor outcomes in the neurorehabilitation setting (NRB). We conducted a prospective observational study enrolling post-acute stroke patients hospitalized for neurorehabilitation.

Local Dynamic Stability of Trunk During Gait is Responsive to Rehabilitation in Subjects with Primary Degenerative Cerebellar Ataxia.

This study aimed to assess the responsiveness to the rehabilitation of three trunk acceleration-derived gait indexes, namely the harmonic ratio (HR), the short-term longest Lyapunov's exponent (sLLE), and the step-to-step coefficient of variation (CV), in a sample of subjects with primary degenerative cerebellar ataxia (swCA), and investigate the correlations between their improvements (∆), clinical characteristics, and spatio-temporal and kinematic gait features. The trunk acceleration patterns in the antero-posterior (AP), medio-lateral (ML), and vertical (V) directions during gait of 21 swCA were recorded using a magneto-inertial measurement unit placed at the lower back before (T0) and after (T1) a period of inpatient rehabilitation. For comparison, a sample of 21 age- and gait speed-matched healthy subjects (HS) was also included.

Multiscale Entropy Algorithms to Analyze Complexity and Variability of Trunk Accelerations Time Series in Subjects with Parkinson's Disease.

The aim of this study was to assess the ability of multiscale sample entropy (MSE), refined composite multiscale entropy (RCMSE), and complexity index (CI) to characterize gait complexity through trunk acceleration patterns in subjects with Parkinson's disease (swPD) and healthy subjects, regardless of age or gait speed. The trunk acceleration patterns of 51 swPD and 50 healthy subjects (HS) were acquired using a lumbar-mounted magneto-inertial measurement unit during their walking. MSE, RCMSE, and CI were calculated on 2000 data points, using scale factors () 1-6.

Harmonic ratio is the most responsive trunk-acceleration derived gait index to rehabilitation in people with Parkinson's disease at moderate disease stages.

Background: Harmonic ratios (HRs), recurrence quantification analysis in the antero-posterior direction (RQA), and stride length coefficient of variation (CV) have recently been shown to characterize gait abnormalities and fall risk in people with Parkinson's disease (pwPD) at moderate disease stages.

Research Question: This study aimed to i) assess the internal and external responsiveness to rehabilitation of HR, RQA, and CV, ii) identify the baseline predictors of normalization of the gait stability indexes, and iii) investigate the correlations between the gait indexes modifications (∆) and clinical and kinematic ∆s in pwPD at Hoehn and Yahr disease staging classification 3.

Methods: The trunk acceleration patterns of 21 pwPD and 21 age- and speed-matched healthy subjects (HSmatched) were acquired during gait using an inertial measurement unit at baseline (T0).

Machine Learning Approach to Support the Detection of Parkinson's Disease in IMU-Based Gait Analysis.

The aim of this study was to determine which supervised machine learning (ML) algorithm can most accurately classify people with Parkinson's disease (pwPD) from speed-matched healthy subjects (HS) based on a selected minimum set of IMU-derived gait features. Twenty-two gait features were extrapolated from the trunk acceleration patterns of 81 pwPD and 80 HS, including spatiotemporal, pelvic kinematics, and acceleration-derived gait stability indexes. After a three-level feature selection procedure, seven gait features were considered for implementing five ML algorithms: support vector machine (SVM), artificial neural network, decision trees (DT), random forest (RF), and K-nearest neighbors.

Identification of Gait Unbalance and Fallers Among Subjects with Cerebellar Ataxia by a Set of Trunk Acceleration-Derived Indices of Gait.

This study aimed to assess the ability of 25 gait indices to characterize gait instability and recurrent fallers among persons with primary degenerative cerebellar ataxia (pwCA), regardless of gait speed, and investigate their correlation with clinical and kinematic variables. Trunk acceleration patterns were acquired during the gait of 34 pwCA, and 34 age- and speed-matched healthy subjects (HS) using an inertial measurement unit. We calculated harmonic ratios (HR), percent recurrence, percent determinism, step length coefficient of variation, short-time largest Lyapunov exponent (sLLE), normalized jerk score, log-dimensionless jerk (LDLJ-A), root mean square (RMS), and root mean square ratio of accelerations (RMSR) in each spatial direction for each participant.

Ability of a Set of Trunk Inertial Indexes of Gait to Identify Gait Instability and Recurrent Fallers in Parkinson's Disease.

The aims of this study were to assess the ability of 16 gait indices to identify gait instability and recurrent fallers in persons with Parkinson's disease (pwPD), regardless of age and gait speed, and to investigate their correlation with clinical and kinematic variables. The trunk acceleration patterns were acquired during the gait of 55 pwPD and 55 age-and-speed matched healthy subjects using an inertial measurement unit. We calculated the harmonic ratios (HR), percent recurrence, and percent determinism (RQAdet), coefficient of variation, normalized jerk score, and the largest Lyapunov exponent for each participant.