Early adverse stress and depression severity: A pilot exploration of mediating psychological mechanisms.

Objective: To explore the associations between early adverse stress, attachment insecurity in adulthood (anxious and avoidant), pathological personality styles (self-criticism and dependency), difficulties in emotion regulation, and depression severity.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 178 outpatients diagnosed with major depression in Santiago, Chile. Participants filled the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short Form, the Experience in Close Relationships Scale, the Depressive Experience Questionnaire, the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 item.

[Systematic review of treatment alternatives for depressed adults with early adverse stress].

Background: Early adverse stress is a risk factor for the appearance of mental health ailments during adulthood.

Aim: To systematically review treatment outcomes on mental health symptoms and functional domains, and of interventions aimed at treating adults with depressive disorders and early adverse stress (EAS).

Material And Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis including experimental and quasi-experimental published studies indexed in the CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases, which explored the effectiveness of treatment interventions for depressive disorders in adults exposed to EAS.

Early Adverse Stress and Depressive and Bipolar Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Treatment Interventions.

A significant proportion of adults with depressive or bipolar disorders exposed to early adverse stressors do not adequately respond to standard treatments. This review aimed at synthesizing the evidence on the effectiveness of treatment interventions for depressive or bipolar disorders in adult individuals (aged 18 years or more) exposed to adverse stress early in life. Systematic review and meta-analysis including experimental and quasi-experimental published studies indexed in CINAHL, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases and/or in reference lists.