Immuno-Modulatory Effects of Microparticles Formulated from Degradable Polystyrene Analogue.

Environmental accumulation of non-degradable polystyrene (PS) microparticles from plastic waste poses potential adverse impact on marine life and human health. Herein, microparticles from a degradable PS analogue (dePS) are formulated and their immuno-modulatory characteristics are comprehensively evaluated. Both dePS copolymer and microparticles are chemically degradable under accelerated hydrolytic condition.

Cascade fluorofunctionalisation of 2,3-unsubstituted indoles by means of electrophilic fluorination.

Cascade fluorofunctionalisation of 2,3-unsubstituted indoles featuring the formation of C-C, C-F and C-O bonds via electrophilic fluorination using N-fluorobenzenesulfonimide is described. The use of an O-nucleophile tethered to the nitrogen of indoles enables the synthesis of polycyclic fluorinated indoline derivatives from simple precursors in 40-63% yields.