Bottom-Up Synthesis of Multicompartmentalized Microreactors for Continuous Flow Catalysis.

The bottom-up assembly of biomimetic multicompartmentalized microreactors for use in continuous flow catalysis remains a grand challenge because of the structural instability or the absence of liquid microenvironments to host biocatalysts in the existing systems. Here, we address this challenge using a strategy that combines stepwise Pickering emulsification with interface-confined cross-linking. Our strategy allows for the fabrication of robust multicompartmentalized liquid-containing microreactors (MLMs), whose interior architectures can be exquisitely tuned in a bottom-up fashion.

Multi-compartmental MOF microreactors derived from Pickering double emulsions for chemo-enzymatic cascade catalysis.

Bioinspired multi-compartment architectures are desired in synthetic biology and metabolic engineering, as credited by their cell-like structures and intrinsic ability of assembling catalytic species for spatiotemporal control over cascade reactions like in living systems. Herein, we describe a general Pickering double emulsion-directed interfacial synthesis method for the fabrication of multicompartmental MOF microreactors. This approach employs multiple liquid-liquid interfaces as a controllable platform for the self-completing growth of dense MOF layers, enabling the microreactor with tailor-made inner architectures and selective permeability.

Tri-templating Synthesis of Multilevel Mesoporous Silica Microspheres with a Complex Interior Structure for Efficient CO Capture and Catalysis.

Multilevel porous architectures with microscopic shape control and tailor-made complex structures offer great potential for various innovative applications, but their elaborate design and synthesis have remained a scientific and technological challenge. Herein, we report a simple and effective tri-templating method, in which microscale Pickering droplets, nanoscale polystyrene colloids (PS), and molecular cetyltrimethylammonium chloride micelles are synchronously employed, for the fabrication of such micro-nanohierarchical mesoporous silica microspheres. In this protocol, Pickering droplet-directed interfacial sol-gel growth and its spatially confined surfactant assembly-directed sol-gel coating on PS suspensions are coupled together, enabling the successful formation of structured mesoporous silica that consists of numerous nanocompartments enclosed by a permeable shell.

Pickering-Droplet-Derived MOF Microreactors for Continuous-Flow Biocatalysis with Size Selectivity.

Enzymatic microarchitectures with spatially controlled reactivity, engineered molecular sieving ability, favorable interior environment, and industrial productivity show great potential in synthetic protocellular systems and practical biotechnology, but their construction remains a significant challenge. Here, we proposed a Pickering emulsion interface-directed synthesis method to fabricate such a microreactor, in which a robust and defect-free MOF layer was grown around silica emulsifier stabilized droplet surfaces. The compartmentalized interior droplets can provide a biomimetic microenvironment to host free enzymes, while the outer MOF layer secludes active species from the surroundings and endows the microreactor with size-selective permeability.

Health-related quality of life in residents aged 18 years and older with and without disease: findings from the First Provincial Health Services Survey of Hunan, China.

Objective: Published research has not considered acute diseases and injuries in assessing the impact of varying disease counts on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We used Chinese value sets of EQ-5D-3L to examine the relationship between the number of diseases individuals had (including chronic diseases, acute diseases and injuries) and their HRQoL.

Methods: A total of 19 387 individuals aged 18 years and older were included in the study.

Prevalence of Breastfeeding: Findings from the First Health Service Household Interview in Hunan Province, China.

With the development of economy and urbanization, methods of child-feeding have significantly changed in China over the past three decades. However, little is known about breastfeeding in China since 2009. This study aims to update information on the prevalence of breastfeeding in China.

Associations of Undergoing a Routine Medical Examination or Not with Prevalence Rates of Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Undergoing a routine medical examination may be associated with the prevalence rate of chronic diseases from a population-based household interview survey. However, this important issue has not been examined so far.

Methods: Data came from the first health service household interview of Hunan province, China, in 2013.

Large urban-rural disparity in the severity of two-week illness: updated results based on the first health service survey of Hunan Province, China.

Background: To examine urban-rural differences in the severity of non-fatal disease and injury using the latest household interview survey data of Hunan Province, China.

Methods: Two-week illness data were from the first provincial health household interview survey of Hunan in 2013. The proportion of patients being bedridden, the average days of being bedridden and the average off-work days were calculated to measure the severity of two-week illness.

[Analysis of satisfactions for services among outpatients and inpatients at the age of equal to or more than 15 years old in Hunan province].

Objective: To evaluate the satisfaction of service for outpatient within two weeks and for inpatient service within a year in Hunan Province in 2013 and to analyze the influential factors.


Methods: Using the data from the First Health Service Survey of Hunan Province, we evaluated the satisfactions for service in outpatients and inpatients based on the listed satisfaction indicators of the Fifth National Health Service Survey questionnaire. Weighted logistic regression was used to examine the influential factors for patients' satisfactions.

[Forecast the trend of burden from fatal road traffic injuries between 2015 and 2030 in China].

Objective: To predict the burden caused by fatal road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030.

Methods: We searched the websites of United Nations Population Division,United States Department of Agriculture, World Health Organization, China Energy Research Foundation and other agencies to obtain the predictive values of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, urbanization, motorization and education from 2015 to 2030 in China. Predicted values were then applied to log-linear models to estimate the numbers and years of life lost due to road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030.

[Development of forecasting models for fatal road traffic injuries].

Objective: To develop the forecasting models for fatal road traffic injuries and to provide evidence for predicting the future trends on road traffic injuries.

Methods: Data on the mortality of road traffic injury including factors as gender and age in different countries, were obtained from the World Health Organization Mortality Database. Other information on GDP per capita, urbanization, motorization and education were collected from online resources of World Bank, WHO, the United Nations Population Division and other agencies.

Neglected increases in rural road traffic mortality in China: findings based on health data from 2005 to 2010.

Background: Recent changes in rural road traffic mortality have not been examined in China although rural residents were reported as having greater risk of road traffic injury than urban residents. We aimed to examine changes in urban and rural road traffic mortality rates between 2005 and 2010 in China.

Methods: Mortality rates came from the publicly available health data of the Ministry of Health-Vital Registration System that is based on a national representative sample (about 10% of total population), including 41 surveillance points in urban areas (15 large cities and 21 middle/small cities) and 85 surveillance points in rural areas.

Analysis of the quantity and quality of published randomised controlled trials related to injury prevention from 2001 to 2010 in China.

Objective: To report the quantity and quality of published randomised controlled trails (RCT) on injury prevention in China.

Design: Bibliometric analysis.

Setting: China, 2001-2010.

[An investigation into perception of preventability of injuries and knowledge needs on injury prevention among 684 among undergraduates of a university].

Objective: To examine the perception of the preventability of injury and needs on injury prevention knowledge among undergraduates.

Methods: Stratified sampling and cluster sampling were used to select undergraduate students from 12 classes of three specialized fields of Central South University. A survey was carried out to understand beliefs of the preventability of injuries and knowledge needs on injury prevention.

[Analysis of the incidence of short-term illness in four counties of Hunan Province].

Objective: To determine the prevalence and incidence of illness of two-week duration, and the factors influencing these, among residents 15 years and older in four counties of Hunan Province.

Methods: Data were sampled from four counties of Hunan Province for the Fourth National Health Service Survey. Incidence and two-week prevalence of disease were used to assess the health service needs of residents.