A systematic review of clinical outcomes for outpatient vs. inpatient shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Outpatient shoulder arthroplasty is growing in popularity as a cost-effective and potentially equally safe alternative to inpatient arthroplasty. The aim of this study was to investigate literature relating to outpatient shoulder arthroplasty, looking at clinical outcomes, complications, readmission, and cost compared to inpatient arthroplasty.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of Medline, Embase and Cochrane Library databases from inception to 6 April 2020.

Novel Application of Immersive Virtual Reality Simulation Training: A Case Report.

Case: A percutaneous pinning of a slipped capital femoral epiphysis is described after the use of immersive virtual reality (iVR) training. This case report documents the first reported example of an immediate translation of surgical skill from iVR to the operating room.

Conclusion: There is increasing evidence for the use of iVR in orthopaedic education.

Mitigating Surgical Skill Decay in Orthopaedics Using Virtual Simulation Learning.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has interrupted orthopaedic training structures for both surgeons and trainees. The concept of skill decay must be considered during inactivity of elective practice. The purpose of this study was to provide an evidence-based curriculum in association with immersive virtual reality (iVR) to prevent skill decay during periods of training cessation and beyond.

Immersive Virtual Reality for Surgical Training: A Systematic Review.

Background: Immersive virtual reality (iVR) simulators provide accessible, low cost, realistic training adjuncts in time and financially constrained systems. With increasing evidence and utilization of this technology by training programs, clarity on the effect of global skill training should be provided. This systematic review examines the current literature on the effectiveness of iVR for surgical skills acquisition in medical students, residents, and staff surgeons.

Virtual and augmented reality for surgical training and simulation in knee arthroplasty.

Background: Immersive virtual reality (IVR), augmented reality and mixed reality form a spectrum of extended reality technology integration that has gained popularity in orthopaedics recently. This review article examines the role of extended reality technologies in knee arthroplasty.

Methods: Existing literature on the applications of extended reality technologies in preoperative planning and intraoperative navigation were reviewed.

Shoulder surgeon perspective of surgical device representatives: a multinational survey.

Background: This study aimed to determine the working relationships of shoulder surgeons and surgical device representatives, and benefits or detractors to the operating environment.

Methods: An electronic survey was distributed to all members of the Codman Shoulder Society, an international group of fellowship-trained shoulder surgeons.

Results: The response rate was 44% (59 of 134).

Perceived vs. true glenoid anchor placement: a cadaveric comparison of the beach chair and lateral position.

Purpose: To explore whether patient position influences a surgeon's ability to accurately judge anchor position on the glenoid.

Materials And Methods: Two anchors were inserted into the glenoid of 8 shoulders. Arthroscopic videos were taken from 3 views (posterior beach chair [pBC], posterior lateral decubitus [pLD], and anterosuperolateral decubitus [asLD]).

Effectiveness of Immersive Virtual Reality on Orthopedic Surgical Skills and Knowledge Acquisition Among Senior Surgical Residents: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Video learning prior to surgery is common practice for trainees and surgeons, and immersive virtual reality (IVR) simulators are of increasing interest for surgical training. The training effectiveness of IVR compared with video training in complex skill acquisition should be studied.

Objectives: To evaluate whether IVR improves learning effectiveness for surgical trainees and to validate a VR rating scale through correlation to real-world performance.

The evolution of virtual reality in shoulder and elbow surgery.

Virtual Reality (VR) in orthopedic surgery has significantly increased in popularity in the areas of preoperative planning, intraoperative usage, and for education and training; however, its utilization lags behind other surgical disciplines and industries. The use of VR in orthopedics is largely focused on education and is currently endorsed by North American and European training committees. The use of VR in shoulder and elbow surgery has varying levels of evidence, from I to IV, and typically involves educational randomized controlled trials.

Virtual reality in spinal endoscopy: a paradigm shift in education to support spine surgeons.

Background: Minimally invasive spine surgery (MISS) and endoscopic spine surgery have continually evolving indications in the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spine. Endoscopic spine surgery entails treatment of disc disease, stenosis, spondylolisthesis, radiculopathy, and deformity. MISS involves complex motor skills in regions of variable anatomy.

Improved Complex Skill Acquisition by Immersive Virtual Reality Training: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: There has been limited literature on immersive virtual reality (VR) simulation in orthopaedic education. The purpose of this multicenter, blinded, randomized controlled trial was to determine the validity and efficacy of immersive VR training in orthopaedic resident education.

Methods: Nineteen senior orthopaedic residents (resident group) and 7 consultant shoulder arthroplasty surgeons (expert group) participated in the trial comparing immersive VR with traditional learning using a technical journal article as a control.

Biologic Options for Glenohumeral Arthritis.

Biologic options for glenohumeral arthritis include intra-articular injections as well as allograft interposition arthroplasty. The objectives of these treatments are reduction of pain and maintenance/improvement in function, while delaying the need for arthroplasty. This article reviews the current evidence for hyaluronic acid injection, platelet-rich plasma injection, and allograft interposition arthroplasty in the young patient with glenohumeral arthritis.

Scapulothoracic fusion: outcomes and complications.

Background: Scapulothoracic fusion (STF) may be an option to alleviate pain and restore function. The purpose of this study is to report the clinical outcome of patients who underwent STF for the treatment of painful scapular winging.

Materials And Methods: From 1999 through 2008, 10 patients (12 shoulders) underwent an STF for painful winging of the scapula.

Short-term complications of the Latarjet procedure.

Background: Although the results of the Latarjet procedure have been reported previously, there is little literature regarding the early complications of this procedure. The purpose of this study was to report our experience with the Latarjet procedure for glenohumeral instability and to highlight the initial complications that may occur following this procedure.

Methods: Forty-seven patients (forty-eight shoulders) underwent the Latarjet procedure for anterior glenohumeral instability between January 2005 and January 2010.

Biomechanical analysis of fixation of middle third fractures of the clavicle.

Objective: This biomechanical study compares four different techniques of fixation of middle third clavicular fractures.

Methods: Twenty fresh-frozen clavicles were randomized into four groups. Each group used a different fixation device (3.

Postarthroscopic arthrofibrosis of the shoulder.

Arthrofibrosis after shoulder surgery may be challenging to treat. Certain factors, including diabetes and history of keloid formation, predispose patients to the development of postoperative arthrofibrosis. Etiologies include rotator cuff repair, labral repair, capsulorrhaphy, shoulder arthroplasty, and proximal humerus fracture fixation.

Metaversion can reliably predict humeral head version: a computed tomography-based validation study.

Hypothesis: Circumstances occur when the determination of anatomic humeral head version is difficult. In the setting of irreparable proximal humeral fracture, there are few reliable intraoperative landmarks to determine anatomic humeral head version. This study tested our hypothesis that the metaphyseal version (metaversion) is a landmark that can assist with correct head version and used computed tomography (CT) to evaluate its reliability as a predictor of anatomic version.

What is a Successful Outcome Following Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty?

Background: With variations in joint destruction, patient expectations and health status, it can be difficult to interpret outcomes following arthroplasty. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships between different outcome indicators in 44 patients followed for two years after a reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods: Prospectively collected outcomes included the Constant-Murley score, Simple Shoulder Test (SST), range of motion (ROM), strength, patient satisfaction with their care and independent clinician case-review to determine global clinical outcome.

Doping-control urinalysis of a ginseng extract, Cold-FX, in athletes.

Nutraceuticals may induce doping infractions through contamination of the product itself or their ingestion might be metabolized within the body to create a positive doping control test. We tested this possibility using a commercially available, proprietary ginseng root extract (Cold-FX, CV Technologies Inc., Edmonton, AB).

Codelivery of a tea extract prevents morbidity and mortality associated with oral vanadate therapy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Oral administration of vanadate has a strong hypoglycemic effect but results in toxic side effects like life-threatening diarrhea. Tea is known to have potent antidiarrhea effects. We investigated the potential of suspending the vanadate in a tea decoction to reduce the diarrheatic action of vanadate.