Lactate promotes bone healing by regulating the osteogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through activating Olfr1440.

Bone malunion or nonunion leads to functional and esthetic problems and is a major healthcare burden. Activation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and subsequent induction of osteogenic differentiation by local metabolites are crucial steps for bone healing, which has not yet been completely investigated. Here, we found that lactate levels are rapidly increased at the local injury site during the early phase of bone defect healing, which facilitates the healing process by enhancing BMSCs regenerative capacity.

Construct Amorphous Polymer Interface to Enhance the Thermoelectric Performance of Commercial BiSbTe Materials.

Interfaces, such as grain boundaries and phase boundaries in thermoelectric (TE) materials, play a crucial role in the carrier/phonon transport. Accurate control of the features of interfaces, including composition, crystalline nature, and thickness may give rise to a promising pathway to break the trade-off between phonon and carrier transport properties, which is essential to design high-performance TE materials. In this work, the amorphous polymer interface (API) layer is introduced to the -type commercial BiSbTe (BST) TE material by the liquid-phase sintering process.

Safety and Tolerability of Accelerated Infliximab Infusions in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Introduction: Infliximab for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is FDA-approved to be administered 2 h or more. We adopted a new protocol to infuse infliximab over 1 h and in this study, we aimed to determine the safety of a 1-h infusion.

Methods: This retrospective cohort included adult IBD patients who received infliximab between June and December 2017 and compared reaction rates of 1-h maintenance infusions to that of 2-h maintenance infusions.

Incidence of first and second primary cancers diagnosed among people with HIV, 1985-2013: a population-based, registry linkage study.

Background: Cancer survivors are at increased risk for subsequent primary cancers. People living with HIV are at increased risk for AIDS-defining and non-AIDS-defining cancers, but little is known about their risk of first versus second primary cancers. We identified first and second primary cancers that occurred in above population expected numbers among people diagnosed with HIV in San Francisco, and compared first and second cancer incidence across five time periods that corresponded to important advances in antiretroviral therapy.

Changing temporal trends in non-AIDS cancer mortality among people diagnosed with AIDS: San Francisco, California, 1996-2013.

Background: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has reduced AIDS-defining cancer (ADC) mortality, but its effect on non-AIDS-defining cancer (NADC) mortality is unclear. To help inform cancer prevention and screening, we evaluated trends in NADC mortality among people with AIDS (PWA) in the ART era.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed AIDS surveillance data, including causes of death from death certificates, for PWA in San Francisco who died in 1996-2013.