Detecting changes in tobacco product marketplace prominence using social media, advertising, sales, and web traffic data: The example of Puff Bar in the United States tobacco marketplace from 2019 to 2021.

Puff Bar, a disposable electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS), was the ENDS brand most commonly used by U.S. youth in 2021.

Flavored electronic nicotine delivery systems ads (2019-2020) on traditional U.S. Media by audience demographics.

The tobacco industry has historically targeted flavored products to specific U.S. consumer segments, including young people, women, and systemically marginalized groups based on race, ethnicity, or sexual/gender identity.

Presence of flavoured electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) products in US ENDS advertisements, 2015-2020: a content analysis.

Objectives: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) products come in a variety of flavours (eg, fruit, dessert, menthol). Tobacco advertising has historically used flavours as an advertising tactic, but little is known about flavour type and prevalence in ENDS advertisements. We assess the presence of flavoured ENDS in ads over time, by media outlet (eg, magazines, online) and brand.

Nicotine-related content in English language ENDS advertisements in the US: 2018-2020.

There is no standard way to communicate to consumers how much nicotine is present in electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS). This study assessed the inclusion of nicotine-related content, including nicotine strength, in a sample of English language ENDS advertisements that appeared in consumer and business-to-business outlets in the US during 2018-2020. The sample, provided by a media surveillance company, included ads from television, radio, newspapers, magazines (consumer and business-to-business), online platforms, outdoor/billboards, and direct-to-consumer emails.

National longitudinal tobacco product discontinuation rates among US youth from the PATH Study: 2013-2019 (waves 1-5).

Objective: Determine longitudinal tobacco product discontinuation rates among youth (ages 12-17 years) in the USA between 2013 and 2019.

Methods: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study, was used to determine annual/biennial rates of tobacco product discontinuation behaviours among youth across 2013-2019: (1) discontinuing product use (transition from past 30-day use to no past 30-day use), (2) attempting to quit product use and (3) discontinuing product use among those who attempted to quit. Discontinuing use was evaluated separately for cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), cigars, hookah, smokeless tobacco and any tobacco.

U.S. digital tobacco marketing and youth: A narrative review.

We describe findings from peer-reviewed articles on digital tobacco marketing (DTM) using U.S. data related to youth, including research that examines use of age restrictions, DTM exposure and engagement, and associated tobacco use.

Electronic nicotine delivery system advertising in business-to-business publications, United States, 2015-2020.

Introduction: Tobacco retailers are a key target audience for tobacco product advertising, yet little is known about the messages and channels used to market electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) to retailers.

Methods: We assessed expenditures for business-to-business print advertising for ENDS in the United States, by year and by advertiser, from 2015 to 2020; and the content of advertisements placed in 2020.

Results: The total number of ENDS brands placing business-to-business advertisements declined from 45 in 2015 to 6 in 2020; spending declined from $2.

ENDS advertising expenditures in English language media in the USA, 2015-2020.

Background: Electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS) advertising is associated with ENDS purchase and use. This study assessed trends in ENDS advertisement (ad) expenditures in the USA from 2015 to 2020 overall, by media channel and by advertiser.

Methods: Data came from Numerator, which conducts surveillance of ads and estimates expenditures.

National longitudinal tobacco product cessation rates among US adults from the PATH Study: 2013-2019 (waves 1-5).

Objective: To report on longitudinal tobacco product cessation rates, by product type, among adults (ages 18+ years) in the USA between 2013 and 2019.

Methods: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a nationally representative, longitudinal cohort study was used to report on annual and biennial rates of the following three cessation behaviours across 2013-2019: (1) discontinuing tobacco product use (ie, transition from past 30-day use to no past 30-day use), (2) attempting to quit tobacco product use and (3) quitting tobacco product use among those who attempted to quit. Each cessation behaviour was evaluated separately for cigarettes, electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), cigars, hookah and smokeless tobacco.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Twitter Posts About Court-Ordered, Tobacco-Related Corrective Statements: Descriptive Content Analysis.

Background: Three major US tobacco companies were recently ordered to publish corrective statements intended to prevent and restrain further fraud about the health effects of smoking. The court-ordered statements began appearing in newspapers and on television (TV) in late 2017.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the social media dissemination of the tobacco corrective statements during the first 6 months of the implementation of the statements.

E-Cigarette Outcome Expectancies among Nationally Representative Samples of Adolescents and Young Adults.

We conducted nationally representative surveys of adolescents and young adults to examine associations between e-cigarette outcome expectancies and e-cigarette use. E-cigarette use among adolescents and young adults has grown rapidly in recent years, yet little research has examined the beliefs that may underlie this behavior among nationally representative samples.  1,298 adolescents (13-17) and 2,219 young adults (18-25) were surveyed using a probability-based web panel.

Health claims made in vape shops: an observational study and content analysis.

Background: Prior to the final deeming rule, federal law in the USA prohibited electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) from being marketed as smoking cessation products; for other therapeutic purposes and in ways that conveyed Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval/endorsement. After August 2016, additional federal prohibitions were added including false/misleading and unauthorised modified risk tobacco product (MRTP) claims. No systematic investigation of e-cigarette health claims has been conducted in the retail environment.

Trust in national health information sources in the United States: comparing predictors and levels of trust across three health domains.

Public trust in traditional sources of health information is essential for public health agencies and organizations to perform necessary public health functions. Little research has examined levels and predictors of trust in government health agencies and national health organizations. Additionally, few studies have simultaneously analyzed trust in multiple health topics.

Dyadic associations between perceived social support and cancer patient and caregiver health: An actor-partner interdependence modeling approach.

Objective: Social support may have a positive impact on health outcomes for patients and caregivers, but the extent to which social support and health outcomes are interrelated for both is unknown. We examine the dyadic interrelationships between social support and health among cancer patients and their caregivers.

Methods: Lung and colorectal cancer (CRC) patient and caregiver dyadic data were obtained from the Cancer Care Outcomes Research and Surveillance Consortium.

Connections between sources of health and beauty information and indoor tanning behavior among college women.

This study tested how media, family, and peer sources of health and beauty information predict indoor tanning (IT) beliefs and behavior. 210 undergraduate women at a state university in the southeastern United States. Respondents completed a survey about sources of health and beauty information, IT beliefs, and IT behavior.

Increasing Effectiveness of Messages about Chemicals in Cigarette Smoke.

Objectives: Federal law requires informing the public on toxic chemicals in cigarette smoke. We sought the public's advice about communicating information about these chemicals.

Methods: Adolescents, young adults, and adults (N = 59), including smokers and non-smokers, participated in 9 focus groups that discussed inclusion of messages about toxic chemicals on cigarette packs, in media campaigns, and on a website.

Perceived Message Effectiveness Measures in Tobacco Education Campaigns: A Systematic Review.

Target audience ratings of the likely impact of persuasive messages, known as perceived message effectiveness (PME), are commonly used during message development and selection. PME is also used to examine receptivity of messages after they are fully developed or deployed. Despite this, we know little about the conceptual and methodological characteristics of extant PME measures used in the literature.

Can a selfie promote public engagement with skin cancer?

Social media may provide new opportunities to promote skin cancer prevention, but research to understand this potential is needed. In April of 2015, Kentucky native Tawny Willoughby (TW) shared a graphic skin cancer selfie on Facebook that subsequently went viral. We examined the volume of comments and shares of her original Facebook post; news volume of skin cancer from Google News; and search volume for skin cancer Google queries.

Perceived support from a caregiver's social ties predicts subsequent care-recipient health.

Most social support research has examined support from an individual patient perspective and does not model the broader social context of support felt by caregivers. Understanding how social support networks may complement healthcare services is critical, considering the aging population, as social support networks may be a valuable resource to offset some of the demands placed on the healthcare system. We sought to identify how caregivers' perceived organizational and interpersonal support from their social support network influences care-recipient health.

Identifying principles for effective messages about chemicals in cigarette smoke.

US law requires the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to disclose information on harmful and potentially harmful chemicals in cigarette smoke (i.e., constituents) to the public.

Effective Message Elements for Disclosures About Chemicals in Cigarette Smoke.

Introduction: Cigarette smoke contains at least 93 chemicals or "constituents" that the Food and Drug Administration has identified as harmful and potentially harmful constituents to human health. Our study sought to identify which constituent disclosure message elements are most effective in discouraging people from smoking.

Methods: Three hundred eighty eight current smokers aged 18 and older completed an online survey in February 2015.

The Relationships Between Female Adolescents' Media Use, Indoor Tanning Outcome Expectations, and Behavioral Intentions.

Background: Unlike other types of cancer, skin cancer incidence rates are on the rise and adolescent females are particularly likely to tan indoors, a major risk factor. However, little research has examined the role of media use in encouraging or discouraging this dangerous behavior in this population.

Aims: To empirically assess the links between media use, indoor tanning-related outcome expectations, and behavioral intentions.

Adolescent and Young Adult Perceptions of Hookah and Little Cigars/Cigarillos: Implications for Risk Messages.

Use of hookah and little cigars/cigarillos (LCCs) is high among adolescents and young adults. Although these products have health effects similar to cigarettes, adolescents and young adults believe them to be safer. This study examined adolescent and young adult perceptions of hookah and LCCs to develop risk messages aimed at discouraging use among users and at-risk nonusers.