[Features of aphasic disorders in patients with acute cerebrovascular disorder in the posterior cerebral artery basin].

Aphasia is a systemic disorder of formed speech that develops as a result of local brain lesions. Most aphasias are characterized by damage to secondary cortical fields, which in turn are responsible for the performance of the functions of gnosis and praxis, which explains the variability in the manifestations of speech disorders in patients with acute cerebrovascular accidents. However, it is necessary in each case to diagnose the central pathological mechanism, which underlies the development of the entire syndrome and determines the entire clinical picture.

The Inhibitory Activity of Lactobacillus plantarum Supernatant against Enterobacteria, Campylobacter, and Tumor Cells.

Cell-free supernatant of Lactobacillus plantarum exhibit a strong antimicrobial effect against a number of pathogenic enterobacteria (E. coli, Shigella flexneri, Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, and Campylobacter jejuni). The degree of growth inhibition in broth culture reached a high level for all tested bacteria.

Molecular Genetic Characterization of Streptococcus pyogenes Strains Isolated from Patients with Various Manifestations of Streptococcal Infection.

In 82 clinical strains of Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococci) isolated from patients with various manifestations of streptococcal infection, emm-typing revealed 27 emm-types (n=77) with a predominance of emm-89 (n=15; 18%), emm-75 (n=9; 11%), and emm-1 (n=6; 7%); types emm-3, emm-12, and emm-58 (n=4; 5% each) were found with almost equal frequency; other types were less common. The superantigen genes speC, speG, speH, speI, speJ, speK, speL, speM, smeZ, and SSA were identified in S. pyogenes strains using multiprimer PCR; the genes of the superantigen SpeA and cysteine proteinase SpeB were detected using real-time PCR.

Influence of Extracellular Matrix Components on the Differentiation of Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells in Collagen I Hydrogel.

Regeneration of periodontal tissues requires an integrated approach to the restoration of the periodontal ligament, cementum, and alveolar bone surrounding the teeth. Current strategies in endogenous regenerative dentistry widely use biomaterials, in particular the decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM), to facilitate the recruitment of populations of resident cells into damaged tissues and stimulate their proliferation and differentiation. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effect of the exogenous components of the extracellular matrix (hyaluronic acid, laminin, fibronectin) on the differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) cultured with dECM (combinations of decellularized tooth matrices and periodontal ligament) in a 3D collagen I hydrogel.

Endogenous Regeneration of Alveolar Bone by Decellularized Tooth Matrix.

The efficiency of bone tissue regeneration by decellularized tooth matrix, demineralized tooth matrix, and commercial xenograft Bio-Oss Spongiosa was compared on the model of a critical-size circular defect in the alveolar bone of the upper jaw of adult Wistar rats. The defect healing dynamics was assessed using histological, histomorphometrical, and immunohistochemical methods on days 30 and 60. In contrast to demineralized matrix and commercial xenograft, decellularized matrix induces the formation of the new bone tissue by day 60.

Agronomic Evaluation and Molecular Cytogenetic Characterization of × spp. Derivative Breeding Lines Presenting Perennial Growth Habits.

The transition from annual to perennial growth habits can contribute to increased sustainability and diversification of staple cropping systems like those based on annual wheat. Amphiploids between and spp. can present a wheat-like morphology and post sexual cycle regrowth.

Recombinant Endopeptidases IdeS and IdeZ and Their Potential Application.

Endopeptidases IdeS and IdeZ (streptococcal virulence factors that specifically cleave IgG heavy chains) are of particular interest because of their potential use in biotechnology, medicine, and veterinary. Genes encoding these enzymes were cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli heterologous expression system (ideS was cloned from a Streptococcus pyogenes collection strain; ideZ from Streptococcus zooepidemicus was synthesized). The 6His-tag was introduced into the amino acid sequence of each endopeptidase, and IdeS and IdeZ were purified by metal affinity chromatography to an apparent homogeneity (according to polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis).

Oxidative metabolism of neutrophils in acute coronary syndrome.

Background: Inflammation in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) involves neutrophil activation and oxidative stress. Here, we studied the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by neutrophils in ACS.

Methods: The study included 42 patients, men and women aged 46-91 years with ischaemic heart disease (IHD), non-ST-segment elevation ACS and ST-segment elevation ACS.

Decellularized Matrix Induced Spontaneous Odontogenic and Osteogenic Differentiation in Periodontal Cells.

The regeneration of periodontal tissues is a decisive factor in the treatment of periodontitis. Currently, to achieve complete periodontal regeneration, many studies have evaluated the effectiveness of decellularized tissue-engineered constructs on periodontal regeneration. We studied the possibilities of osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation of periodontal progenitor and stem cells (SCs) of the periosteum and periodontal ligament, in decellularized tooth matrix (dTM) and periodontal ligament (dPDL), in 2D and 3D culture.

Cytogenetic and genomic characterization of a novel tall wheatgrass-derived Fhb7 allele integrated into wheat B genome.

We identified and integrated the novel FHB-resistant Fhb7 allele into wheat B genome and made it usable in both common and durum wheat breeding programs without yellow flour linkage drag. A novel tall wheatgrass-derived (Thinopyrum elongatum, genome EE) Fhb7 allele, designated Fhb7, was identified and integrated into the wheat B genome through a small 7B-7E translocation (7BS·7BL-7EL) involving the terminal regions of the long arms. Fhb7 conditions significant Type II resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB) in wheat.

CDNF Interacts with ER Chaperones and Requires UPR Sensors to Promote Neuronal Survival.

Cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) is a neurotrophic factor that has beneficial effects on dopamine neurons in both in vitro and in vivo models of Parkinson's disease (PD). CDNF was recently tested in phase I-II clinical trials for the treatment of PD, but the mechanisms underlying its neuroprotective properties are still poorly understood, although studies have suggested its role in the regulation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis and the unfolded protein response (UPR). The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of CDNF through analyzing the involvement of UPR signaling in its anti-apoptotic function.

Antibacterial Activity of Lactobacillus plantarum Supernatant on Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacteria.

We studied the effect of the L. plantarum strain supernatant on the growth of culture and biofilm of non-fermenting bacteria of the genera Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, and Burkholderia. To obtain a supernatant, the culture of L.

Molecular characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug-resistant isolates from HIV- and HIV+ tuberculosis patients in Russia.

Background: High burden of drug-resistant (DR) tuberculosis (TB) is a significant threat to national TB control programs all over the world and in the Russian Federation. Different Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) genotypes are hypothesized to have specific characteristics affecting TB control programs. For example, Beijing strains are supposed to have higher mutation rates compared to strains of other genotypes and subsequently higher capability to develop drug-resistance.

Origin and genetic analysis of stem rust resistance in wheat line Tr129.

Wheat line Tr129 is resistant to stem rust, caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici (Pgt).

Modern Approaches to Acellular Therapy in Bone and Dental Regeneration.

An approach called cell-free therapy has rapidly developed in regenerative medicine over the past decade. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways involved in the internal potential of tissue repair inspires the development of new strategies aimed at controlling and enhancing these processes during regeneration. The use of stem cell mobilization, or homing for regeneration based on endogenous healing mechanisms, prompted a new concept in regenerative medicine: endogenous regenerative medicine.

[The efficacy of the anti-acidemic agent dimephosphone at the first rehabilitation stage in patients in the acute period of carotid-related ischemic stroke].

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of the intravenous form of dimephosphon at the first stage of rehabilitation in patients with ischemic stroke in the carotid system.

Material And Methods: The article presents the results of examination of 60 patients in the acute period of ischemic stroke in the carotid system (30 patients were treated with dimephosphon and 30 patients were in the comparison group). The dynamics of the clinical picture (according to the NIHSS), functional dependence in self-service (according to the modified Rankin scale), state of autonomic response using spectral analysis of heart rate variability, cerebrovascular reactivity using functional tests were assessed during the treatment.

Inhibitory Effect of Copper and Zinc Ions on the Growth of Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli Biofilms.

Analysis of the effect of copper and zinc ions on Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli biofilms revealed significant differences in the effect of these metals in the form of sulfates or chlorides on biofilm formation. Zinc ions in low doses (salt concentration 0.005 M) inhibited the growth of S.

Osteogenic Potential of Decellularized Tooth Matrix.

We studied the possibility of using decellularized tooth matrix as a scaffold to restore bone tissue. It was found that mesenchymal stem cells underwent spontaneous osteogenic differentiation on the decellularized tooth matrix, which makes it possible to use it as a natural allograft in the treatment of resorption of alveolar bone tissue.

Morphology and Ultrastructure of Group A Streptococcus Biofilms.

Light and electron microscopy enables researchers to study the ultrastructure of GAS biofilms formed on abiotic surfaces. Chains of streptococci surrounded by a bluish film are seen under a light microscope after alcian blue staining of preparations grown on coverslips. The extracellular matrix (indicator of biofilm maturity) becomes visible on ultrathin sections in transmission electron microscopy after additional staining with alcian blue; filamentous structures, characteristic of biofilm, are observed in intercellular spaces.

MANF Ablation Causes Prolonged Activation of the UPR without Neurodegeneration in the Mouse Midbrain Dopamine System.

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) localized protein that regulates ER homeostasis and unfolded protein response (UPR). The biology of endogenous MANF in the mammalian brain is unknown and therefore we studied the brain phenotype of MANF-deficient female and male mice at different ages focusing on the midbrain dopamine system and cortical neurons. We show that a lack of MANF from the brain led to the chronic activation of UPR by upregulation of the endoribonuclease activity of the inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) pathway.

Cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor-deficiency leads to degeneration of enteric neurons and altered brain dopamine neuronal function in mice.

Cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) is neuroprotective for nigrostriatal dopamine neurons and restores dopaminergic function in animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD). To understand the role of CDNF in mammals, we generated CDNF knockout mice (Cdnf), which are viable, fertile, and have a normal life-span. Surprisingly, an age-dependent loss of enteric neurons occurs selectively in the submucosal but not in the myenteric plexus.

Mesencephalic Astrocyte-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (MANF) Is Highly Expressed in Mouse Tissues With Metabolic Function.

Mesencephalic astrocyte-derived neurotrophic factor (MANF) and cerebral dopamine neurotrophic factor (CDNF) form a family of atypical growth factors discovered for their neuroprotective properties in the central nervous system (CNS) in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases. Although their mechanism of protective action still remains unclear, it has been suggested that both MANF and CDNF promote cell survival through regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR), thereby relieving endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Recent studies identified MANF for its emerging roles in metabolic function, inflammation and pancreatic β-cells.

Production of a complete set of wheat-barley group-7 chromosome recombinants with increased grain β-glucan content.

Wheat-barley group-7 recombinant chromosomes were selected using molecular cytogenetics and SNP markers; increased grain β-glucan content was observed in wheat plants with two and four copies of HvCslF6. The soluble dietary fiber (1-3)(1-4) mixed linked β-D-glucan from cereal grains is a valuable component of a healthy diet, which reduces risks of coronary disease and diabetes. Although wheat is an important cereal crop providing a substantial portion of daily calories and protein intake in the human diet, it has a low level of β-glucan.

Introgression of a Novel Ug99-Effective Stem Rust Resistance Gene into Wheat and Development of Chromosome-Specific Markers via Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS).

is a wild relative of common wheat ( L.) with resistance to f. , the causal agent of stem rust, including the highly virulent race TTKSK (Ug99).