[Heavy eye syndrome: clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment].

Heavy eye syndrome (HES) is an atypical form of strabismus, primarily caused by a significant elongation of the axial length of the eye, which leads to a disruption of normal topographic relationships between the posterior pole and the extraocular muscles. Clinical symptoms of HES include late-onset convergent strabismus (esotropia) with a vertical component and restricted ocular motility in the context of substantial eye enlargement associated with high myopia. Identification of the pathognomonic sign (dislocation of the posterior pole from the muscle cone) requires the use of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) of the orbits.

[Analysis of peri- and postoperative results of laser enucleation of the prostate using various techniques].

Introduction: Several techniques are used for laser enucleation of benign prostate hyperplasia, including two- and three-lobe enucleation, enucleation of all lobes in a single block (en-bloc), and enucleation of all nodes in a single block without longitudinal incisions (total en-bloc).

Aim: A prospective and retrospective analysis of the results of two-lobe, en-bloc, and total en-bloc using thulium fiber laser enucleation of the prostate (ThuFLEP) techniques was performed.

Method: s.

Effect of ACE mutations on blood ACE phenotype parameters.

Background: Analysis of existing mutations of Angiotensin-I-Converting Enzyme (ACE) led us to hypothesize that the carriers of damaging ACE mutations (accompanied by low ACE levels) could be at risk for the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methodology/principal Findings: We quantified blood ACE levels in EDTA-containing plasma from 15 patients with 11 different heterozygous ACE mutations and estimated the effects of these mutations on ACE phenotypes, using a set of mAbs to ACE and two ACE substrates. We confirmed prior observations that the relatively frequent Y215C mutation in the N domain of ACE (present in ~1% of the population) is associated with both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and reduced plasma levels of ACE (~50% of controls), indicating that it likely results in a transport-deficient protein.

[Ocular myasthenia gravis].

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness and pathological fatigue due to autoaggressive phenomena with the formation of antibodies directed against various structures of the neuromuscular synapse. In most patients, the disease begins with the involvement of extraocular muscles, presenting with symptoms such as intermittent ptosis of the upper eyelid and/or binocular diplopia. In 15% of cases, clinical manifestations are limited to impairment of the levator palpebrae superioris and extraocular muscles, characteristic of the ocular form of myasthenia gravis.

Model for Predicting the Effect of Sibutramine Therapy in Obesity.

The development of models predicting response to weight loss therapy using sibutramine is found in only a few cases. The objective of the work is to develop a data-driven method of personalized recommendation for obesity treatment that would predict the response to sibutramine based on the current set of patient parameters. The decision system is built on the XGBoost classification algorithm along with recursive feature selection and Shapley data valuation.

Role of Brown Adipose Tissue in Metabolic Health and Efficacy of Drug Treatment for Obesity.

(1) : Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is responsible for non-shivering thermogenesis, and its activation has become a new object as both a determinant of metabolic health and a target for therapy. This study aimed to identify the relationships between the presence of BAT, parameters that characterize metabolic health (glucose, lipids, blood pressure (BP)), and the dynamics of body mass index (BMI) during weight-reducing therapy. (2) : The study included 72 patients with obesity.

ACE Phenotyping in Human Blood and Tissues: Revelation of ACE Outliers and Sex Differences in ACE Sialylation.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) metabolizes a number of important peptides participating in blood pressure regulation and vascular remodeling. Elevated ACE expression in tissues (which is generally reflected by blood ACE levels) is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Elevated blood ACE is also a marker for granulomatous diseases.

Atlantic Water warming increases melt below Northeast Greenland's last floating ice tongue.

The 79 North Glacier (79NG) features Greenland's largest floating ice tongue. Even though its extent has not changed significantly in recent years, observations have indicated a major thinning of the ice tongue from below. Both ocean warming and an increase in subglacial discharge from the ice sheet induced by atmospheric warming could increase the basal melt; however, available observations alone cannot tell which of these is the main driver.

Carriers of Heterozygous Loss-of-Function ACE Mutations Are at Risk for Alzheimer's Disease.

We hypothesized that subjects with heterozygous loss-of-function (LoF) mutations are at risk for Alzheimer's disease because amyloid Aβ42, a primary component of the protein aggregates that accumulate in the brains of AD patients, is cleaved by ACE (angiotensin I-converting enzyme). Thus, decreased ACE activity in the brain, either due to genetic mutation or the effects of ACE inhibitors, could be a risk factor for AD. To explore this hypothesis in the current study, existing SNP databases were analyzed for LoF mutations using four predicting tools, including PolyPhen-2, and compared with the topology of known mutations already associated with AD.

[Complications of transnasal endoscopic orbital decompression in thyroid eye disease].

Purpose: The study evaluates the frequency of complications after transnasal endoscopic orbital decompression (TEOD).

Material And Methods: The study included 40 patients (75 orbits) with thyroid eye disease (TED; also termed Graves' ophthalmopathy, GO; thyroid-associated orbitopathy, TAO), who were divided into three groups depending on the method of surgical treatment. The first group consisted of 12 patients (21 orbits) who were treated with TEOD as the only method of surgical treatment.

A Prospective Comparison of Transrectal Standard, Cognitive, Transperineal Fusion, and Mapping Prostate Biopsy for Cancer Detection.

The aim of this research was to compare the clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection rate (International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP] ≥2) for the four biopsy methods: transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-GB), cognitive transrectal biopsy (COG-TB), fusion transperineal biopsy (FUS-TB), and transperineal template mapping biopsy (TPMB). The inclusion criteria were as follows: prostate-specific antigen (PSA) >2 ng/mL, and/or positive digital rectal examination (DRE), and/or suspicious lesion on transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) and Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (Pi-RADS) v2.1 ≥ 3 score.

Urinary ACE Phenotyping as a Research and Diagnostic Tool: Identification of Sex-Dependent ACE Immunoreactivity.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is highly expressed in renal proximal tubules, but ACE activity/levels in the urine are at least 100-fold lower than in the blood. Decreased proximal tubular ACE has been associated with renal tubular damage in both animal models and clinical studies. Because ACE is shed into urine primarily from proximal tubule epithelial cells, its urinary ACE measurement may be useful as an index of tubular damage.

Regulation of the Concentration Heterogeneity and Thermal Expansion Coefficient in the Metastable Invar FeNi Alloy.

Mössbauer spectroscopy and electron microscopy study of the active redistribution of Ni atoms during the process of polymorphous transformation α→γ in the metastable FeNi alloy revealed that slow heating (at the rate of 0.2 K/min) results in the depletion of the initial α-phase with a beneficiation of developing disperse γ-phase plates according to the equilibrium diagram. A regulation possibility of the concentration heterogeneity and austenite thermal expansion coefficient resulted from the polymorphous transformation α→γ was shown.

[Prospective comparison of cognitive and mpMR/US fusion biopsy for prostate cancer detection].

Introduction: According to the recommendations of the European Association of Urology the presence of a suspicious lesion on MRI is an indication for both primary and secondary MR-targeted biopsies. At the same time, the Russian Society of Urologists recommends to perform mpMR/US fusion biopsy only in patients with a prior negative biopsy. In clinical practice, mpMR/US fusion and cognitive biopsies are the most frequently performed.

Predictive potential of ACE phenotyping in extrapulmonary sarcoidosis.

Elevated ACE expression in tissues (reflected by blood ACE levels) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and is also a marker for granulomatous diseases. We developed a new approach for characterization of ACE status in the blood-ACE phenotyping and established normal values of ACE levels 50-150% of control pooled plasma. ACE phenotyping was performed in citrated plasma of 120 patients with known interstitial lung diseases.

[Ophthalmic complications of endoscopic sinus surgery].

Endoscopic surgery of the accessory nasal sinuses (ANA) is widely used as the main treatment method for ANA diseases. It is a well-proven, safe and effective method. However, occasionally certain complications may occur.

Delayed Antarctic sea-ice decline in high-resolution climate change simulations.

Despite global warming and Arctic sea-ice loss, on average the Antarctic sea-ice extent has not declined since 1979 when satellite data became available. In contrast, climate model simulations tend to exhibit strong negative sea-ice trends for the same period. This Antarctic sea-ice paradox leads to low confidence in 21st-century sea-ice projections.

Tensile Deformation and Fracture Behavior of API-5L X70 Line Pipe Steel.

Thermo-mechanical controlled processing (TMCP) is employed to obtain the required level of mechanical properties of contemporary HSLA steel plates utilized for gas and oil pipeline production. The strength and crack resistance of pipeline steels are mainly determined by its microstructure and crystallographic texture. In this study, the influence of the structural and textural states of industrially produced API-5L X70-X80 pipeline steels on tensile mechanical properties was analyzed.

Photoelectromagnetic Effect Induced by Terahertz Laser Radiation in Topological Crystalline Insulators PbSnTe.

Topological crystalline insulators form a class of semiconductors for which surface electron states with the Dirac dispersion relation are formed on surfaces with a certain crystallographic orientation. PbSnTe alloys belong to the topological crystalline phase when the SnTe content exceeds 0.35, while they are in the trivial phase at < 0.

Carbon nanotubes for polarization sensitive terahertz plasmonic interferometry.

We report on helicity sensitive photovoltaic terahertz radiation response of a carbon nanotube made in a configuration of a field-effect transistor. We find that the magnitude of the rectified voltage is different for clockwise and anticlockwise circularly polarized radiation. We demonstrate that this effect is a fingerprint of the plasma waves interference in the transistor channel.

[Functional multislice computed tomography of the orbits in diagnosis of incomitant strabismus].

Purpose: To study the value of functional multislice computed tomography (MSCT) of the orbits in examination of patients with complex incomitant strabismus.

Material And Methods: The study included 34 patients. In 8 (23.

Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) downregulate the Fanconi Anemia-BRCA pathway and increase the efficacy of chemotherapy in malignant pleural mesothelioma preclinical models.

Objectives: Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields) are low intensity, intermediate frequency, alternating electric fields with antimitotic effects on cancerous cells. TTFields concomitant with pemetrexed and a platinum agent are approved in the US and EU as first line therapy for unresectable, locally advanced or metastatic malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). The goal of the current study was to characterize the mechanism of action of TTFields in MPM cell lines and animal models.

Phenotyping Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme in Blood: A Necessary Approach for Precision Medicine.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) metabolizes a number of important peptides participating in blood pressure regulation and vascular remodeling. Elevated ACE expression in tissues (which is generally reflected by ACE in blood) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Elevated ACE in blood is also a marker for granulomatous diseases.