Exploring Aquaporin Diversity in Elateroidea: Insights From RNA-Seq Data Sets.

Osmoregulation, the physiological regulation of water and ion balance, is vital for the survival of both aquatic and terrestrial insects. In freshwater aquatic insects, such as those within the Lampyridae family, this function is important due to the natural variation of aquatic habitats. Aquaporins play a key role in this process by facilitating the rapid transport of water molecules across cell membranes, maintaining cellular water balance, and adapting to changes in external salinity.

Dynamics of transcription is affected by oxygen tension and developmental speed during in vitro production of bovine embryos.

This study examines the impact of oxygen tension and embryo kinetics on gene transcription dynamics in pathways crucial for embryonic preimplantation development, including lipid metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, mitochondrial function, stress response, apoptosis and transcription regulation. Bovine embryos were generated in vitro and allocated into two groups based on oxygen tension (20% or 5%) at 18 h post insemination (hpi). At 40 hpi, embryos were categorized into Fast (≥4 cells) or Slow (2 cells) groups, resulting in four experimental groups: FCL20, FCL5, SCL20 and SCL5.

A historical stepping-stone path for an island-colonizing cactus across a submerged "bridge" archipelago.

Here we use population genomic data (ddRAD-Seq) and ecological niche modeling to test biogeographic hypotheses for the divergence of the island-endemic cactus species Cereus insularis Hemsl. (Cereeae; Cactaceae) from its sister species C. fernambucensis Lem.

Complete chloroplast genomes of six neotropical palm species, structural comparison, and evolutionary dynamic patterns.

The Arecaceae family has a worldwide distribution, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. We sequenced the chloroplast genomes of Acrocomia intumescens and A. totai, widely used in the food and energy industries; Bactris gasipaes, important for palm heart; Copernicia alba and C.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., two new strains associated with potato scab in Brazil.

Two new actinobacteria, designated strains IBSBF 2807 and IBSBF 2953, isolated from scab lesions on potato tubers grown in the southern Brazilian states of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina, respectively, were characterized and identified through a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses of 16S rRNA sequences revealed that these two strains belong to the genus . Multilocus sequence analysis using five concatenated genes, , , , and , allocated strains IBSBF 2807 and IBSBF 2953 in distinct branches of phytopathogenic strains.

Genome analysis of Phrixothrix hirtus (Phengodidae) railroad worm shows the expansion of odorant-binding gene families and positive selection on morphogenesis and sex determination genes.

Among bioluminescent beetles of the Elateroidea superfamily, Phengodidae is the third largest family, with 244 bioluminescent species distributed only in the Americas, but is still the least studied from the phylogenetic and evolutionary points of view. The railroad worm Phrixothrix hirtus is an essential biological model and symbolic species due to its bicolor bioluminescence, being the only organism that produces true red light among bioluminescent terrestrial species. Here, we performed partial genome assembly of P.

A target Capture Probe Set Useful for Deep- and Shallow-Level Phylogenetic Studies in Cactaceae.

The molecular phylogenies of Cactaceae have enabled us to better understand their systematics, biogeography, and diversification ages. However, most of the phylogenetic relationships within Cactaceae major groups remain unclear, largely due to the lack of an appropriate set of molecular markers to resolve its contentious relationships. Here, we explored the genome and transcriptome assemblies available for Cactaceae and identified putative orthologous regions shared among lineages of the subfamily Cactoideae.

Evolutionary Genetics of Cacti: Research Biases, Advances and Prospects.

Here, we present a review of the studies of evolutionary genetics (phylogenetics, population genetics, and phylogeography) using genetic data as well as genome scale assemblies in Cactaceae (Caryophyllales, Angiosperms), a major lineage of succulent plants with astonishing diversity on the American continent. To this end, we performed a literature survey (1992-2021) to obtain detailed information regarding key aspects of studies investigating cactus evolution. Specifically, we summarize the advances in the following aspects: molecular markers, species delimitation, phylogenetics, hybridization, biogeography, and genome assemblies.

The genome of a thorny species: comparative genomic analysis among South and North American Cactaceae.

The first South American cactus nuclear genome assembly associated with comparative genomic analyses provides insights into nuclear and plastid genomic features, such as size, transposable elements, and metabolic processes related to cactus development. Here, we assembled the partial genome, plastome, and transcriptome of Cereus fernambucensis (Cereeae, Cactaceae), a representative species of the South American core Cactoideae. We accessed other genomes and transcriptomes available for cactus species to compare the heterozygosity level, genome size, transposable elements, orthologous genes, and plastome structure.

Streptomyces brasiliscabiei, a new species causing potato scab in south Brazil.

This study aimed to characterize six Streptomyces strains associated with potato scab in south Brazil through polyphasic taxonomy involving morphology, pathogenicity and genetic features. These strains were compared with other potato-scab Streptomyces species mainly S. europaeiscabiei, S.

The potential of genome-wide RAD sequences for resolving rapid radiations: a case study in Cactaceae.

The reconstruction of relationships within recently radiated groups is challenging even when massive amounts of sequencing data are available. The use of restriction site-associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) to this end is promising. Here, we assessed the performance of RAD-Seq to infer the species-level phylogeny of the rapidly radiating genus Cereus (Cactaceae).

Bioluminescence of beetle luciferases with 6'-amino-D-luciferin analogues reveals excited keto-oxyluciferin as the emitter and phenolate/luciferin binding site interactions modulate bioluminescence colors.

Beetle luciferases produce different bioluminescence colors from green to red using the same d-luciferin substrate. Despite many studies of the mechanisms and structural determinants of bioluminescence colors with firefly luciferases, the identity of the emitters and the specific active site interactions responsible for bioluminescence color modulation remain elusive. To address these questions, we analyzed the bioluminescence spectra with 6'-amino-D-luciferin (aminoluciferin) and its 5,5-dimethyl analogue using a set of recombinant beetle luciferases that naturally elicit different colors and different pH sensitivities (pH-sensitive, Amydetes vivianii λmax=538 nm, Macrolampis sp2 λmax=564 nm; pH-insensitive, Phrixotrix hirtus λmax=623 nm, Phrixotrix vivianii λmax=546 nm, and Pyrearinus termitilluminans λmax=534 nm), a luciferase-like enzyme (Tenebrionidae, Zophobas morio λmax=613 nm), and mutants of C311 (S314).