Application of artificial neural networks to classify Avena fatua and Avena sterilis based on seed traits: insights from European Avena populations primarily from the Balkan Region.

Background: Avena fatua and A. sterilis are challenging to distinguish due to their strong similarities. However, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) can effectively extract patterns and identify these species.

Non-destructive estimation of weed response to bleaching herbicides by Raman spectroscopy.

The aim of our study was to evaluate the use of Raman spectroscopy for pre-diagnostic estimation of weed response to bleaching herbicides. Model plants were and treated with mesotrione (120 g a.i.