Assessing flow diverter porosity: a comparative analysis of quantification techniques based on imaging and simulation.

Background/purpose: Flow diverter porosity directly influences the blood flow reduction at the aneurysm neck level and the anatomical result of the treatment. In this research, we present and compare three methodologies to determine the local porosity of deployed flow diverters.

Method: Three-dimensional rotational angiography was used to obtain computational vessel models of three patients.

Mixed-methods analysis of personal growth in an equity-centered leadership development program.

Introduction: Self-efficacy (or the belief in one's ability to effect change) often moderates the relationship between education, interest, and actions in evaluations of training programs that prepare community-based investigators in the clinical and translational sciences workforce. Such evaluations, however, tend to emphasize individual-level attitudes when there are also community- or organizational-level outcomes impacted.

Methods: This study uses a novel sequential, explanatory mixed-methods design to explore multiple levels of self-efficacy (or self-awareness of personal growth in leadership) in the Clinical Scholars program, an equity-centered leadership development program for mid- to later-career healthcare professionals.

Precision Oncology: 2024 in Review.

This article discusses the specific advances made in precision oncology in 2024. We comment on the evolving nature of predictive molecular events used to select patients who will most benefit clinically from treatment. We also discuss advances in the development of strategic treatment regimens for combination therapies, rational drug design of small-molecule inhibitors, and structurally informed drug repurposing.

Independent effects of long and short-term exposures to non-optimal increased temperature on mortality.

Although the short-term heat effects are well-established, longer-term effects, beyond those, have recently received attention, in the context of climate change. Our study aims to investigate the potential effects of long-term exposure to non-optimal warm period temperatures on all-cause mortality in four large regions in the UK, Norway, Italy, and Greece. Daily all-cause mortality counts from 1996 to 2018 for four European NUTS-2 regions including 52-662 small areas were collected and associated with spatiotemporal temperature estimates.

Chemical probes for the identification of the molecular targets of honokiol.

Honokiol is a natural product with an interesting array of biological effects, including significant anti-tumor properties. However, full exploration of its therapeutic potential is hampered by its modest pharmacokinetic profile and by the lack of synthetic methods that allow to obtain specifically designed derivatives with improved properties. In addition, the specific molecular targets of honokiol remain poorly understood, a fact that limits the search of alternative hits for subsequent optimization programs.

A patient reported outcome measure for rectal cancer patients eligible for organ preservation: Development and validation of a Watch-and-Wait module for the Assessment of Burden of disease in ColoRectal Cancer (ABCRC) tool.

Aim: The Assessment of Burden of ColoRectal Cancer (ABCRC)-tool is an integrated tool, developed in conjunction with colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, that measures the experienced burden of disease and lifestyle parameters and visualizes the results. To provide tailored follow-up care for watch-and-wait (WW) patients, in line with their specific needs and preferences, a WW module for the ABCRC-tool was developed. In this paper we describe the development and validation process of the WW module.

Fair and explainable Myocardial Infarction (MI) prediction: Novel strategies for feature selection and class imbalance correction.

The rising incidences of myocardial infarction (MI), often affecting individuals without traditional risk factors, highlight the urgent need for improved early detection using personal health data. However, health surveys and electronic health records (EHRs) frequently suffer from class imbalances, leading to prediction biases and differences between specificity and sensitivity, which hinder reliable model development despite the valuable insights contained in these datasets. To address this, we have introduced a novel approach to enhance MI risk prediction using self-reported attributes from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) dataset.

Effectiveness of virtual peer-led medical Spanish course enhancing healthcare communication skills.

As of July 1st, 2021, the US Hispanic/Latinx community is estimated at 62.6 million, making up 18.9% of the population.

Context, mechanisms and community engagement in implementation strategies: a systematic review protocol of implementation strategies designed using implementation mapping.

Introduction: Implementation Mapping (IM) has increasingly been used for the design and/or selection and tailoring implementation strategies to promote the effective translation of evidence-based interventions into practice. IM is a tool for guiding the systematic, iterative, step-by-step design process that helps guide the co-creation of theory-based, evidence-informed implementation strategies. This protocol aims to describe the methods of the planned systematic review that will (1) examine the overall landscape of IM in developing implementation strategies, (2) explore the mechanisms of implementation strategies developed using IM and (3) investigate the use of IM and community engagement in the development of implementation strategies.

Safety and immunogenicity of the ChAdOx1-MVA-vectored conserved mosaic HIVconsvX candidate T-cell vaccines in HIV-CORE 005.2, an open-label, dose-escalation, first-in-human, phase 1 trial in adults living without HIV-1 in the UK.

Background: An HIV-1 vaccine is long overdue. Although vaccine research focuses on the induction of broadly neutralising antibodies, challenging infections such as HIV-1 could require parallel induction of protective T cells. It is important to recognise that not all T cells contribute to protection equally.

Predicting Admission and Future Performance of Veterinary School Applicants: Evaluation of Scores of Self-Reported Animal Experience and Rural Versus Urban Background.

Admission to veterinary school is generally based on academic and nonacademic measures. Descriptions of animal or veterinary experience and rural versus urban background are often sought from applicants, but little is objectively known about their impact on admission success or future performance. We evaluated scores from written descriptions from 590 veterinary school applicants for the nature and extent of self-reported animal experience.

Unravelling age-related gait decline in cerebral palsy: insights into physiological changes and functional implications through an observational study-a French study protocol in a laboratory setting.

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) presents a complex neurodevelopmental disorder with a spectrum of motor impairments stemming from early brain injury. Whereas CP is traditionally viewed as a non-progressive condition, emerging evidence suggests a progressive decline in mobility and function, particularly in adulthood. Despite the prevalence of self-reported age-related gait decline in adults with CP, objective evidence supporting this phenomenon remains limited.

From Nutritional Patterns to Behavior: High-Fat Diet Influences on Inhibitory Control, Brain Gene Expression, and Metabolomics in Rats.

Impulsive and compulsive behaviors are associated with inhibitory control deficits. Diet plays a pivotal role in normal development, impacting both physiology and behavior. However, the specific effects of a high-fat diet (HFD) on inhibitory control have not received adequate attention.

One-Pot Regio- and Diastereoselective Gold-Catalyzed Propargylation of in Situ Activated Chromones and Consecutive Cyclization.

Herein, we report a gold-catalyzed propargylation of chromone derivatives by propargylsilanes. Chromones are synergistically activated by the silylium cation resulting from the gold activation of the propargylsilane. The reaction exclusively occurs at the C2-position of the chromone, and a single diastereoisomer is formed.

What is beautiful is still good: the attractiveness halo effect in the era of beauty filters.

The impact of cognitive biases on decision-making in the digital world remains under-explored despite its well-documented effects in physical contexts. This paper addresses this gap by investigating the attractiveness halo effect using AI-based beauty filters. We conduct a large-scale online user study involving 2748 participants who rated facial images from a diverse set of 462 distinct individuals in two conditions: original and attractive after applying a beauty filter.

A Protocol for Adapting a Mindfulness-Based Intervention with Contingency Management to Reduce Alcohol Misuse Among Latine Emerging Adults.

Emerging adulthood (ages 18-25 years old) is a critical period for the onset of problematic drinking, especially within underserved populations, such as Latine emerging adults. This protocol outlines the adaptation of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention (MBI) incorporating Contingency Management (CM) to address alcohol misuse in Latine young adults, a demographic with limited treatment access and increased vulnerability to substance use disorders. Grounded in Community-Engaged Research (CEnR) principles, this study employs a structured formative development approach to culturally and developmentally adapt a Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) program.

Biomarkers of response to ocrelizumab in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.

Objective: To ascertain the changes of serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) values in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients treated with ocrelizumab and their association with treatment response.

Methods: Multicenter prospective study including 115 RRMS patients initiating ocrelizumab treatment between February 2020 and March 2022 followed during a year. Serum samples were collected at baseline and every 3 months to measure sNfL and sGFAP levels using single-molecule array (SIMOA) technology.

Early exercise disrupts a pro-repair extracellular matrix program during zebrafish fin regeneration.

Unlabelled: Understanding how mechanical stimulation from exercise influences cellular responses during tissue repair could enhance therapeutic strategies. We explored zebrafish caudal fin regeneration to study exercise impacts on a robust model of tissue regeneration. We used a swim tunnel to determine that exercise initiated during but not after blastema establishment impaired fin regeneration, including of the bony ray skeleton.