Steatotic Liver Disease in Pediatric Obesity and Increased Risk for Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: To assess 1) the association between metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in pediatric obesity and youth-onset type 2 diabetes, 2) the joint effect of MASLD and intermediate hyperglycemia on type 2 diabetes risk, and 3) the effect of obesity treatment on type 2 diabetes risk.

Research Design And Methods: A cohort study using the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register (Barnobesitas Registret i Sverige [BORIS]) (1999-2020) linked with national registers was conducted. We included 10,346 children with overweight or obesity and 59,336 matched control individuals.

Evaluating probiotic efficacy on weight loss in adults with overweight through a double-blind, placebo-controlled randomized trial.

The aim was to assess the weight-reducing effects of various doses of a probiotic dietary supplement and evaluate the tolerance and safety of increased dosage. A 3-month double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, followed by a 3-month open phase, was conducted at Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. The probiotic compound AB001 was tested at two doses (single and double) and compared with placebo during the blinded phase, and at triple dose during the open phase.

Height and Growth Velocity in Children and Adolescents Undergoing Obesity Treatment: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Context: Pediatric obesity affects endocrine conditions, which may alter growth.

Objective: This work aimed to investigate the effect of obesity severity and obesity treatment outcome on growth.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included children (aged 3-18 years) enrolled in the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register (BORIS) (1998-2020).

Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with obesity.

It is unclear if associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cardiometabolic risk factors are independent of degree of obesity, in children with obesity. The aim of this cross-sectional study on 151 children (36.4% girls), 9-17 years, from a Swedish obesity clinic, was to investigate associations between CRF and cardiometabolic risk factors, adjusted for body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS), in children with obesity.

The association between perinatal factors and cardiometabolic risk factors in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity: A retrospective two-cohort study.

Background: Children with obesity have an increased risk of cardiometabolic risk factors, but not all children carry a similar risk. Perinatal factors, i.e.

Pediatric obesity-Long-term consequences and effect of weight loss.

Childhood obesity is, according to the WHO, one of the most serious challenges of the 21st century. More than 100 million children have obesity today. Already during childhood, almost all organs are at risk of being affected by obesity.

Effect of an interactive mobile health support system and daily weight measurements for pediatric obesity treatment, a 1-year pragmatical clinical trial.

Background: Pediatric obesity lifestyle treatment is not always successful. Frequent clinical visits are of major importance to certify sufficient effect but are difficult due to the associated costs and the great demands on families. We hypothesized that an interactive digital support may reduce the need for frequent physical visits.

Managers of micro-sized enterprises and Covid-19: impact on business operations, work-life balance and well-being.

The aim of this study is to identify how managers of micro-sized enterprises experience the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on their business operations, work-life balance and well-being. Further, the study aims to make comparisons between managers of micro-sized businesses and managers of small-sized businesses. This mixed-method study is based on qualitative interviews with ten managers of micro-sized enterprises and a questionnaire answered by 95 managers of micro-sized and small-sized enterprises in regions in the north of Sweden.

Obesity in childhood, socioeconomic status, and completion of 12 or more school years: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Children with obesity achieve lower educational level compared with normal-weight peers. Parental socioeconomic status (SES) impacts both a child's academic achievement and risk of obesity. The degree to which the association between obesity and education depends on parental SES is unclear.

Presence of microorganisms in children with pharyngotonsillitis and healthy controls: a prospective study in primary healthcare.

Purpose: Most studies on paediatric pharyngotonsillitis focus on group A streptococci. This study, however, analyses a broad spectrum of bacteria and viruses related to paediatric pharyngotonsillitis and evaluates their associated clinical symptoms and courses.

Methods: This observational prospective study in primary healthcare includes 77 children aged < 15 with a sore throat and 34 asymptomatic children, all of whom were sampled from the tonsils with an E-swab for analysis with culture and PCR for 14 bacteria and 15 viruses.

Mortality with Paclitaxel-Coated Devices in Peripheral Artery Disease.

Background: The results of a recent meta-analysis aroused concern about an increased risk of death associated with the use of paclitaxel-coated angioplasty balloons and stents in lower-limb endovascular interventions for symptomatic peripheral artery disease.

Methods: We conducted an unplanned interim analysis of data from a multicenter, randomized, open-label, registry-based clinical trial. At the time of the analysis, 2289 patients had been randomly assigned to treatment with drug-coated devices (the drug-coated-device group, 1149 patients) or treatment with uncoated devices (the uncoated-device group, 1140 patients).

Oral intake of mesoporous silica is safe and well tolerated in male humans.

Background: Precisely engineered mesoporous silica has been shown to induce weight loss in mice, but whether it is safe to use in humans have not investigated.

Objective: The aim was to determine whether oral dosing, up to 9 grams/day, of precisely engineered mesoporous silica as a food additive can be used safely in male humans.

Design: This single blinded safety study consisted of two study arms including 10 males each (18-35 years).

A novel interactive mobile health support system for pediatric obesity treatment: a randomized controlled feasibility trial.

Background: In order to achieve improved weight status, behavioral pediatric obesity treatment is resource intensive. Mobile Health (mHealth) is more accessible than standard care but effective approaches are scarce. Therefore, the aim of this feasibility trial was to study trial design, mHealth usage, compliance, and acceptability of a novel mHealth approach in pediatric obesity treatment.

Entrapping Digestive Enzymes with Engineered Mesoporous Silica Particles Reduces Metabolic Risk Factors in Humans.

Engineered mesoporous silica particles (MSP) are thermally and chemically stable porous materials composed of pure silica and have attracted attention for their potential biomedical applications. Oral intake of engineered MSP is shown to reduce body weight and adipose tissue in mice. Here, clinical data from a first-in-humans study in ten healthy individuals with obesity are reported, demonstrating a reduction in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which are well-established metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors.

Association of childhood obesity with risk of early all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A Swedish prospective cohort study.

Background: Pediatric obesity is associated with increased risk of premature death from middle age onward, but whether the risk is already increased in young adulthood is unclear. The aim was to investigate whether individuals who had obesity in childhood have an increased mortality risk in young adulthood, compared with a population-based comparison group.

Methods And Findings: In this prospective cohort study, we linked nationwide registers and collected data on 41,359 individuals.

Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with obesity: a nationwide study in Sweden.

Background: Anxiety and depression are more common in children with obesity than in children of normal weight, but it is unclear whether this association is independent of other known risk factors. Interpretation of results from previous studies is hampered by methodological limitations, including self-reported assessment of anxiety, depression, and anthropometry. The aim of this study was to investigate whether obesity increases the risk of anxiety or depression independently of other risk factors in a large cohort of children and adolescents, using robust measures with regard to exposure and outcome.

Paediatric obesity treatment during 14 years in Sweden: Lessons from the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register-BORIS.

Background: Treatment of paediatric obesity has been offered customarily and free of charge for more than 15 years in Sweden. The Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Register (BORIS) is a prospective register of children and adolescents undergoing obesity treatment.

Objectives: To investigate how patient characteristics and treatment efficacy has changed over 14 years on a national scale.

Promising results from an implemented treatment model for paediatric obesity.

Aim: To investigate the implementation of a plan of action for treatment of childhood obesity, and the effect after 2 years of treatment.

Methods: Children aged 6-12.9 years who started obesity treatment between 2008 and 2015 in a paediatric clinic in Stockholm County were included.

The effect of weight loss and weight gain on blood pressure in children and adolescents with obesity.

Objective: Obesity in childhood is a profound risk factor for hypertension, and weight loss has positive effects on blood pressure (BP). However, the expected effect size on BP from weight reduction in children with obesity is insufficiently described. Therefore, the aim was to investigate the association between changes of degree of obesity and BP levels.

Omega-3 fatty acids does not affect physical activity and body weight in primary school children - a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial.

It was hypothesized that supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids could increase physical activity (PA) levels, where traditional interventions often fail. The aim of this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trail was to evaluate the effects of 15-week administration of omega-3 fatty acids on objectively measured PA and relative body weight in 8-9 year-old children. The children were randomly assigned to supplementation of omega-3 fatty acids or placebo.

Childhood Obesity, Obesity Treatment Outcome, and Achieved Education: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Childhood obesity represents a social burden. This study aims to investigate whether achieved educational level differs in young adults who have suffered obesity in childhood compared with the general population and to determine how obesity treatment influences achieved educational level.

Methods: This prospective cohort study includes subjects from the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Registry (BORIS, n = 1,465) who were followed up after 20 years of age.

Childhood obesity treatment: telephone coaching is as good as usual care in maintaining weight loss - a randomized controlled trial.

There is a need for more flexible treatment strategies to help patients reach relevant treatment outcomes and adhere better to treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term efficacy, in terms of patients' weight status, of replacing usual care (UC) physical visits with more frequent but shorter telephone coaching (TC) sessions as part of a structured childhood obesity treatment. In this controlled study, patients aged 5-14 years from the Södertälje outpatient clinic, Sweden were randomized to either UC or TC over an 18-month period after participating in an initial standard obesity treatment programme.

Association between impaired fasting glycaemia in pediatric obesity and type 2 diabetes in young adulthood.

Objectives: In adults, impaired fasting glycemia (IFG) increases the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to investigate to which extent children with obesity develop T2DM during early adulthood, and to determine whether IFG and elevated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in obese children are risk markers for early development of T2DM.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 1620 subjects from the Swedish Childhood Obesity Treatment Registry - BORIS who were ⩾18 years at follow-up and 8046 individuals in a population-based comparison group, matched on gender age and living area, were included.

Five-year outpatient programme that provided children with continuous behavioural obesity treatment enjoyed high success rate.

Aim: Results from long-time follow-up of obesity treatment in early childhood are lacking. We investigate long-term continuous behavioural childhood obesity treatment and factors of importance for treatment effect.

Method: A five-year longitudinal retrospective controlled study of children aged five to 13 years in obesity treatment, divided into three groups depending on age at start of treatment.