The Effectiveness of Slightly Thick Liquids for Improving Swallowing in Bottle-Fed Children With Aerodigestive Concerns.

Purpose: Strategies for facilitating safe and functional bottle feeding in children with dysphagia include selecting nipples that reduce flow rate, pacing, altered positioning, and thickening liquid consistencies. We aimed to determine the impact of slightly thick liquids on swallowing through retrospective review of a convenience sample of clinical videofluoroscopic swallowing studies (VFSS) from 60 bottle-fed children (21 boys and 39 girls, mean age of 9.9 months) referred due to suspected aspiration.

Familicide in Canada, 2010 to 2019.

Familicide is rare; however, the high victim counts in each incident and context surrounding these killings underscore the need for further research. The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the circumstances surrounding familicide in Canada. Using univariate statistics, this study analyzed 26 incidents of familicide that occurred in Canada between 2010 and 2019.

Tongue Pressure Resistance Training for Post-Stroke Dysphagia: A Case Study.

Introduction: Swallowing outcomes regarding lingual resistance training have been mixed due to variability in methods, leading to ambiguity concerning the utility of this intervention. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of a lingual resistance training protocol on the swallowing function of an individual presenting with dysphagia and reduced tongue pressure following a supratentorial ischemic stroke.

Methods: A study involving a lingual resistance training protocol with videofluoroscopy to measure outcomes comparing different parameters to ASPEKT normative reference values at three timepoints: baseline (videofluoroscopic swallowing study [VFSS] A), following a 4-week lead-in period to control for spontaneous recovery (VFSS B), and at the 8-week endpoint of treatment (VFSS C).

Bolus Texture Testing as a Clinical Method for Evaluating Food Oral Processing and Choking Risk: A Pilot Study.

Purpose: Choking on food is a leading cause of accidental death in several populations, including children, people with intellectual/developmental disability, and older adults in residential care facilities. One contributor to choking risk is incomplete oral processing and failure to convert food to a cohesive, nonsticky bolus with a maximum particle size that will not block the airway. Clinical tests of mastication do not evaluate properties of chewed food boluses.

Profiles of Swallowing Impairment in a Cohort of Patients With Reduced Tongue Strength Within 3 Months of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke.

Purpose: Patients with poststroke dysphagia may experience inefficient bolus clearance or inadequate airway protection. Following a stroke, impairments in lingual pressure generation capacity are thought to contribute to oropharyngeal dysphagia. The goal of our study was to determine whether similar profiles of swallowing impairment would be seen across a cohort of patients with reduced tongue strength within 3 months after cerebral ischemic stroke.

The Frequency of Atypical and Extreme Values for Pharyngeal Phase Swallowing Measures in Mild Parkinson Disease Compared to Healthy Aging.

Purpose Dysphagia is thought to be prevalent and a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in people with Parkinson disease (PwPD). The aim of this study was to compare the frequencies of atypical and extreme values for measures of swallowing physiology in PwPD and in an age- and sex-matched cohort of healthy adults. Atypical and extreme values were defined, respectively, as values falling in the 25% and 5% tails of the reference distribution for healthy adults under age 60 years.

A qualitative study of cognitive, behavioral, and environmental influences on Hispanic mothers' early childhood feeding practices.

Young children's lifestyle behaviors are largely shaped by their parents. There are socioeconomic risk factors particular to Hispanic populations that influence the way parents feed their children. As obesity continues to be a public health issue with substantial inequities across race and ethnicity, it is critical to understand Hispanic parents' food choices and feeding practices.

Optimizing Delivery of Breast Milk for Premature Infants: Comparison of Current Enteral Feeding Systems.

Background: Incomplete delivery of fat from expressed breast milk (EBM) during enteral feeding to premature neonates remains a significant problem. Feeding system manufacturers have introduced changes to the enteral syringe design to improve fat delivery that have not yet been evaluated in the literature.

Methods: This study compares percentage delivery of fat from EBM using 2 major enteral feeding systems in various configurations with silicone and polyurethane tubing material and ENFit and Legacy connection systems at 3 clinically relevant infusion rates.

Cut umbilical cord milking: an ineffective method of placental transfusion in preterm infants?

To determine if umbilical cord milking performed on a cut umbilical cord segment increased the hemoglobin/hematocrit, with a reduction in the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage, need for blood transfusions, and pressor requirement in infants with <35-weeks gestation. This was a single center, observational study in the NICU. One-hundred-six neonates received cut umbilical cord milking and two hundred ninety seven served as historical controls.

Differentiating Characteristics of Intimate Partner Violence: Do Relationship Status, State, and Duration Matter?

A growing body of literature has been devoted to analyzing the relationship status and state between victim and perpetrator to understand the dynamics of intimate partner violence (IPV). Prior research revealed that IPV was more frequent and severe in cohabiting and estranged relationships relative to marital/dating and intact relationships, respectively. Violence in cohabiting unions, however, has declined in recent years potentially due to the increasing popularity of such unions and their growing similarity to legal marriages.

Peripheral biomarkers in Autism: secreted amyloid precursor protein-alpha as a probable key player in early diagnosis.

Autism is a pervasive developmental disorder characterized by impairments in socialization and communication. There is currently no single molecular marker or laboratory tool capable of diagnosing autism at an early age. The purpose of this study is to explore the plausible use of peripheral biomarkers in the early diagnosis of autism via a sensitive ELISA.