Autoimmune Thyroiditis and Risk of Malignancy in Children with Thyroid Nodules.

It is uncertain whether the presence of autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) increases the risk of thyroid cancer in children with thyroid nodules. This study evaluated the association between AIT and thyroid cancer in pediatric patients with thyroid nodules. A cross-sectional study was performed of pediatric patients (<19 years old) with a thyroid nodule (≥1 cm) who underwent fine-needle aspiration in an academic pediatric thyroid center.

Thyroid Nodule Shape Independently Predicts Risk of Malignancy.

Context: Predictive models of thyroid nodule cancer risk are presently based upon nodule composition, echogenicity, margins, and the presence of microcalcifications. Nodule shape has shown promise to be an additive factor helping determine the need for nodule biopsy.

Objective: We sought to determine if calculation of a nodule's spherical shape independently associates with cancer risk.

Predictors of Bilateral Disease in Pediatric Differentiated Thyroid Cancer.

Context: Total thyroidectomy is recommended for children with papillary thyroid carcinoma, partly because of a high prevalence of bilateral disease. Identifying characteristics that predict bilateral disease might identify candidates for more limited surgery.

Objective: Investigate associations of preoperative or histopathological characteristics with bilateral disease in children with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Prenatal Imaging Diagnosis of Suprarenal Lesions.

Introduction: Prenatal suprarenal lesions represent diverse pathologies. This study investigated prenatal imaging features and regression patterns associated with specific lesion diagnoses.

Methods: This is a multicenter retrospective review of fetuses with prenatally diagnosed suprarenal lesions between 2001 and 2019.

Clinical utility of sonographic features in indeterminate pediatric thyroid nodules.

Objective: Surgical resection is recommended for cytologically indeterminate pediatric thyroid nodules due to their intermediate malignancy risk. We evaluated the utility of ultrasound characteristics for refining malignancy risk to inform the management of these nodules.

Design: Retrospective cohort study (2004-2019).

Ultrasound of the Normal Thyroid with Technical Pearls and Pitfalls.

Ultrasound is the best imaging modality for comprehensive evaluation of the thyroid. The thyroid is best imaged using a high-frequency linear probe with the patient in a supine position with the neck hyperextended. Normal thyroid is homogeneous in appearance without defining anatomic landmarks within the gland.

Assessment of American College of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) for Pediatric Thyroid Nodules.

Background The American College of Radiology (ACR) Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) is a recognized tool for management of thyroid nodules in adults but has not been validated in pediatric patients. Purpose To assess the performance of the ACR TI-RADS criteria for guiding decisions on whether to biopsy thyroid nodules in pediatric patients in a single referral center. Materials and Methods In this retrospective study, a database of thyroid nodules in patients younger than 19 years who underwent fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy between January 2004 and July 2017 was analyzed.

Differences in Thyroid Nodule Cytology and Malignancy Risk Between Children and Adults.

The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (BSRTC) is used to interpret fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology of thyroid nodules in children and adults. Nodule management is guided by the implied malignancy risk of each cytological category, which has been derived from adult populations. Whether these implied risks are applicable to pediatric thyroid nodules remains uncertain.

Natural History and Outcomes of Cytologically Benign Thyroid Nodules in Children.

Context: Most pediatric thyroid nodules are cytologically benign, but few data exist to guide treatment.

Objective: To describe the natural history and outcomes of cytologically benign, pediatric thyroid nodules.

Design: Cohort study.

Thyroid Nodules in Pediatric Patients: Sonographic Characteristics and Likelihood of Cancer.

Purpose To determine the relationship between demographic and sonographic characteristics of thyroid nodules and malignancy in a pediatric population. Materials and Methods All thyroid nodules in patients younger than 19 years that underwent ultrasound (US)-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy between January 2004 and July 2017 were retrospectively identified. Age, sex, and background appearance of the thyroid gland were recorded for each patient, and sonographic characteristics and pathologic diagnosis were recorded for each nodule.

Beyond gastric adenocarcinoma: Multimodality assessment of common and uncommon gastric neoplasms.

Despite advances in molecular biology, imaging, and treatment, gastric neoplasms remain a significant cause of morbidity and mortality; gastric adenocarcinoma is the fifth most common malignancy and third most common cause of death worldwide (Brenner et al., Methods Mol Biol 472:467-477, 2009; Howson et al. Epidemiol Rev 8:1-27, 1986; Roder, Gastric Cancer 5(Suppl 1):5-11, 2002; Ferlay et al.

Intraoperative Supine Breast MR Imaging to Quantify Tumor Deformation and Detection of Residual Breast Cancer: Preliminary Results.

Purpose To use intraoperative supine magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to quantify breast tumor deformation and displacement secondary to the change in patient positioning from imaging (prone) to surgery (supine) and to evaluate residual tumor immediately after breast-conserving surgery (BCS). Materials and Methods Fifteen women gave informed written consent to participate in this prospective HIPAA-compliant, institutional review board-approved study between April 2012 and November 2014. Twelve patients underwent lumpectomy and postsurgical intraoperative supine MR imaging.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Breast Interventions: Role in Biopsy Targeting and Lumpectomies.

Contrast-enhanced breast MR imaging is increasingly being used to diagnose breast cancer and to perform biopsy procedures. The American Cancer Society has advised women at high risk for breast cancer to have breast MR imaging screening as an adjunct to screening mammography. This article places special emphasis on biopsy and operative planning involving MR imaging and reviews use of breast MR imaging in monitoring response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.

Malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumor of the leg: a radiologic-pathologic correlation and review of the literature.

Malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) is a rare clinical entity that can arise as a recurrent lesion or can co-exist with a benign TGCT lesion. Malignant TGCT most commonly arises in the lower extremity and tends to be clinically aggressive, with most patients developing recurrent lesions or dying. Much of the literature describes the histopathologic features and classifies this broad group of tumors, with little description of the imaging characteristics of this disease.