Utilization of Multiple I-125 Radioactive Seeds in the Same Breast is Safe and Feasible: A Multi-institutional Experience.

Objective: Radioactive seed localization has been shown to be a reliable and safe alternative to wire localization in breast surgery, but little is known about the use of multiple localization seeds. This study evaluated the utilization of multiple seeds in the same breast.

Methods: All patients who underwent localization of breast lesions using multiple I-125 seeds at three Mayo Clinic sites between January 2003 and June 2014 were included.

Comparison of treatment modalities for hemorrhagic shock.

Allogeneic blood resuscitation is the treatment of choice for hemorrhagic shock. When blood is unavailable, plasma expanders, including crystalloids, colloids, and blood substitutes, may be used. Another treatment modality is vasopressin, a vasoconstrictor administered to redistribute blood flow, increase venous return, and maintain adequate cardiac output.