Pediatric firearm injuries and socioeconomic vulnerability before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Pediatric firearm injuries disproportionately affect groups experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage. Firearm injuries increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, but the impact on communities by degree of socioeconomic disadvantage is unknown. We examined the association between socioeconomic vulnerability and change in pediatric firearm injuries before versus during the pandemic.

A multicenter evaluation of pediatric emergency department injury visits during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: Injuries, the leading cause of death in children 1-17 years old, are often preventable. Injury patterns are impacted by changes in the child's environment, shifts in supervision, and caregiver stressors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence and proportion of injuries, mechanisms, and severity seen in Pediatric Emergency Departments (PEDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Engaging East Harlem, New York youth in action gun violence prevention research and child rights: a preliminary study.

Background: The aim of the study was to have youth participate in the design and implementation of a research project set within a child rights framework to better understand high schoolers' perceptions of safety in their school and community.

Results: Between June 2020 and March 2021, a team of East Harlem, New York high school students, participated as co-researchers to modify the United Nations Children's Fund Child Friendly Cities Initiative Survey to suit their needs. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the final survey was conducted through an online remote classes system during advisory school classes, accompanied by brief focused group discussions.

Gun violence and the voices of youth on community safety in the time of COVID-19 in East Harlem, NY: a youth participatory action research cross-sectional study.

Background: The USA has failed to codify the protection of children from gun violence (GV) as a human right. This study employs a youth participatory action research methodology, within the framework of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), to investigate the relationships between GV exposure, self-identified gender and perceptions of children's rights and safety.

Methods: An anonymous survey based on UNICEF USA's Child Friendly Cities Initiative interactive survey tool targeting adolescents was modified by East Harlem, New York high school student co-researchers in collaboration with near-peer graduate students.

Addressing the National Crisis Facing Black and Latina Women, Birthing People, and Infants: The Maternal and Child Health Equity Summit.

To address the national crisis of maternal and infant health disparities, especially outcomes experienced by Black and Latina women and birthing people, The New York Academy of Medicine, the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, the Blavatnik Family Women's Health Research Institute, and the University of Pennsylvania Health System and Perelman School of Medicine hosted the Maternal and Child Health Equity Summit. The primary purpose of the summit was to disseminate findings to a national audience of two National Institutes of Health-funded mixed-methods studies that investigated the contribution of hospital quality to disparities in maternal and infant Health in New York City (R01MD007651 and R01HD078565). In addition, the summit showcased factors in maternal and infant health inequity from leading diverse experts in both fields and identified outstanding challenges to reducing maternal and infant morbidity and mortality disparities and strategies to address them.

Firearm-Related Injuries and Deaths in Children and Youth.

Firearms are the leading cause of death in children and youth 0 to 24 years of age in the United States. In 2020, firearms resulted in 10,197 deaths (fatality rate 9.91/100,000 youth 0-24 years old).

Firearm-Related Injuries and Deaths in Children and Youth: Injury Prevention and Harm Reduction.

Firearms are the leading cause of death in children and youth 0 to 24 years of age in the United States. They are also an important cause of injury with long-term physical and mental health consequences. A multipronged approach with layers of protection focused on harm reduction, which has been successful in decreasing motor vehicle-related injuries, is essential to decrease firearm injuries and deaths in children and youth.

Operating Principles and Competencies for Engagement in Global/Local Settings.

This article reviews operating principles to guide engagement with local and global partners aimed at improving child health status. In the realms of research, education, clinical care, and administration, these principles are part of an organizing framework to be paired with faculty competencies that address the values/ethics of engagement, specific roles/responsibilities of partners, effective communication strategies among partners, the value of teamwork, and a full understanding of special considerations. Readers are referred to examples of prior advocacy work and implementation research models.

Global Burden of Violence.

This article documents the increasing numbers of children impacted annually by 1 or more types of violence against children and describes the range of types of injuries and their immediate and long-term impacts on child outcomes. The article describes the growing number of international collaborations to decrease the numbers of children impacted by violence and to mitigate the consequences thereof, with a particular emphasis on children living in war zones.

Adapting family-based treatment for paediatric obesity: A randomized controlled pilot trial.

Objective: This pilot study aimed to refine and test an adaption of family-based treatment (FBT) for eating disorders that addressed the distinct clinical needs of adolescents with overweight or obesity in the absence of eating disorder pathology. Our hypothesis was that FBT for paediatric obesity (FBT-PO) would be feasible to implement and superior to a nutrition education counselling (NEC) condition delivered to both parents and patients, thereby controlling for key information dissemination across groups while manipulating active therapeutic content and strategy.

Method: Seventy-seven adolescents were randomized to FBT-PO or NEC across two sites.

Building New York State Centers of Excellence in Children's Environmental Health: A Replicable Model in a Time of Uncertainty.

Public health programs may be seriously affected in periods of federal retrenchment. During these times, state-based strategies provide an alternate pathway for advancing public health.A 12-year campaign to secure state support for a network of Centers of Excellence in Children's Environmental Health (CEH) promoting health of children across New York State is described.

An Experimental Study of Implicit Racial Bias in Recognition of Child Abuse.

Objectives: We evaluated whether implicit racial bias influences pediatricians' suspicion of child abuse.

Methods: Child abuse experts developed 9 injury vignettes. Pediatricians (N = 342) were randomly assigned one of 2 versions to rate for suspicion of abuse, with the child's race in each vignette varying between white and black.

Underserved Areas and Pediatric Resident Characteristics: Is There Reason for Optimism?

Objective: To examine whether resident characteristics and experiences are related to practice in underserved areas.

Methods: Cross-sectional survey of a national random sample of pediatric residents (n = 1000) and additional sample of minority residents (n = 223) who were graduating in 2009 was conducted. Using weighted logistic regression, we examined relationships between resident characteristics (background, values, residency experiences, and practice goals) and reported 1) expectation to practice in underserved area and 2) postresidency position in underserved area.