Willingness to participate in placebo-controlled surgical trials of the knee.

Aims: Surgeon and patient reluctance to participate are potential significant barriers to conducting placebo-controlled trials of orthopaedic surgery. Understanding the preferences of orthopaedic surgeons and patients regarding the design of randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCT-Ps) of knee procedures can help to identify what RCT-P features will lead to the greatest participation. This information could inform future trial designs and feasibility assessments.

Effects of an 8-Week Active Play Intervention on Body Composition and Fundamental Motor Skills in Preschool Children.

Examine the effect of an 8-week teacher-guided active play intervention on preschoolers' body composition and fundamental motor skills. Participants were from two local preschool centers randomly assigned to either the intervention ( = 25, 3.91 ± 0.

Successful Coil Embolization of Active Bleeding From a Replaced Left Hepatic Artery to the Left Gastric Artery Associated With a Traumatic Rupture of a Simple Hepatic Cyst Causing Hemodynamic Instability.

Intra-abdominal hemorrhage resulting from a ruptured, large hepatic cyst in a polycystic liver disease (PCLD) patient is rare and potentially fatal if not addressed promptly. Only a few isolated cases have previously been reported. The usual patient profile consists of elderly patients on anticoagulation, as is demonstrated in our case.

Transmucosal administration of pentobarbital and phenytoin solution induces euthanasia in bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).

Objective: To assess the efficacy of transmucosal euthanasia solution to induce euthanasia.

Animals: 6 bearded dragons (Pogona vitticeps).

Methods: An initial dose of euthanasia solution containing pentobarbital and phenytoin sodium was administered transmucosally in conscious lizards (100 mg/kg pentobarbital dose), followed by a second dose 20 minutes later (400 mg/kg pentobarbital dose).

COMPARISON OF SUBCUTANEOUS ALFAXALONE AND SUBCUTANEOUS ALFAXALONE-DEXMEDETOMIDINE FOR SEDATION IN THE HOUSTON TOAD ().

The Houston toad (), a primarily terrestrial amphibian of south-central Texas, has been listed as federally endangered since 1970. Sedation is an important tool for obtaining diagnostics and providing treatment in this species. This prospective, randomized, and blinded study compared the sedative effects of SC alfaxalone (Protocol A) at approximately 12 mg/kg (median [range] = 12.

The Effects of Virtual Zumba ® on Functional Outcomes in Adults with Developmental Disabilities.

Introduction: Few studies have examined the comprehensive impact of adaptive exercise interventions across multiple functional domains (i.e., physical and cognitive health) in adults with developmental disabilities (DD).

IDENTIFICATION AND RETROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF A FILARIOID NEMATODE SPECIES IN MANAGED GRASSHOPPER SPARROWS ().

The grasshopper sparrow () is a species of ground-dwelling passerine bird with 12 different subspecies. The Florida subspecies () is classified as federally endangered, with the most common threats including habitat loss, nest predation, and floods. A managed breeding program was established at White Oak Conservation (Yulee, FL) in 2015 with eastern grasshopper sparrows () as a model for breeding Florida grasshopper sparrows as part of an assurance colony.

Academic learning time in physical education (ALT-PE) during an adapted tennis program for children with autism spectrum disorders.

As the prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) increases, there is a growing need to develop physical activity interventions that address the behavioral challenges experienced by individuals with ASD. Physical education teachers have employed behavioral supports that add more structure and adapt the environment for individuals with ASD, which are associated with increased engagement for individuals with ASD during PE. The purpose of this study was to quantify motor engaged behaviors (i.

Patient and clinician characteristics and preferences for increasing participation in placebo surgery trials: a scoping review of attributes to inform a discrete choice experiment.

Background: Orthopaedic surgeries include some of the highest volume surgical interventions globally; however, studies have shown that a significant proportion of patients report no clinically meaningful improvement in pain or function after certain procedures. As a result, there is increasing interest in conducting randomised placebo-controlled trials in orthopaedic surgery. However, these frequently fail to reach recruitment targets suggesting a need to improve trial design to encourage participation.

Economic Effects of Occupational Therapy Services for Adults in Acute and Subacute Care Settings: A Systematic Review.

Importance: Research supports the clinical effectiveness of hospital-based occupational therapy to improve functional outcomes, but no synthesis of economic evaluations of occupational therapy services provided in these settings has been published.

Objective: To determine the economic value of occupational therapy services in acute and subacute care settings.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, EconLit, Embase, National Health Services Economic Evaluation Database, PsycINFO, ProQuest (Health and Medicine and Social Science subsets only), OTseeker, and gray literature.

Impact of disease-modifying therapies on MRI and neurocognitive outcomes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Introduction: Disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are the mainstay of treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). There is established evidence that DMTs are effective at reducing relapse rate and disease progression in RRMS, but there has been less consideration to the synthesis of MRI and neurocognitive outcomes, which play an increasingly important role in treatment decisions. The aim of this systematic review and network meta-analysis is to examine the relative efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of DMTs for RRMS, using MRI and neurocognitive outcomes.

Prevention of postpartum haemorrhage: cost consequences analysis of misoprostol in low-resource settings.

Background: While inferior to oxytocin injection in both efficacy and safety, orally administered misoprostol has been included in the World Health Organization Model List of Essential Medicines for use in the prevention of postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) in low-resource settings. This study evaluates the costs and health outcomes of use of oral misoprostol to prevent PPH in settings where injectable uterotonics are not available.

Methods: A cost-consequences analysis was conducted from the international health system perspective, using data from a recent Cochrane systematic review and WHO's Mother-Baby Package Costing Spreadsheet in a hypothetical cohort of 1000 births in a mixed hospital (40% births)/community setting (60% births).

What drives health-care spending priorities? An international survey of health-care professionals.

The authors set out to compare spending priorities for health care, across a selection of largely middle-income countries, through a survey of current and future decision makers.

Differential pricing of drugs: a role for cost-effectiveness analysis?

Internationally, the high costs of pharmaceutical products limit access to treatment. The principle of differential pricing is that drug prices should vary according to some measure of affordability. How differential prices should be determined is, however, unclear.