Ultrasonic Shears Decrease Postoperative Hematomas in Head and Neck Microvascular Reconstruction.

Objective: To evaluate postoperative hematoma and takeback rates in a large series of microvascular reconstructions. We sought to determine whether the use of ultrasonic shears reduced these rates.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Snoring Survivors: the impact of obstructive sleep apnoea and continuous positive airway pressure use on in-hospital mortality, length of stay and costs among patients hospitalised with acute cardiovascular disease - A retrospective analysis of 2016-2019 National Inpatient Sample Data.

Background: The routine administration of supplemental oxygen to non-hypoxic patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been abandoned for lack of mortality benefit. However, the benefits of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) use in patients hospitalised with acute cardiovascular disease and concomitant obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) remain to be elucidated.

Methods: In this retrospective case-control analysis, using 10th International Classification of Diseases, Clinical Modification (ICD-10) codes, we searched the 2016-2019 Nationwide Inpatient Sample for patients diagnosed with unstable angina (UA), AMI, acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response (AFRVR), who also carried a diagnosis of OSA.

Antiaging Effects of Topical Defensins.

Topical defensins have recently gained attention as agents to improve skin composition. This study aimed to aggregate and synthesize studies in the literature assessing the effects of topical defensins on skin composition in the context of its ability to combat signs of aging.

Medial Sural Artery Perforator Flap: A Middle Ground Between Anterolateral Thigh and Radial Forearm Flaps.

Objective: The medial sural artery perforator (MSAP) flap has gained popularity in head and neck reconstruction primarily as a less morbid alternative to the radial forearm free flap (RFFF). However, no direct comparison of thickness exists among the MSAP, RFFF, and anterolateral thigh (ALT) flaps, which together represent the commonly utilized nonosseus-free flaps in head and neck reconstruction. Thus, this study aimed to compare these flap sites and identify predictors of thickness that will aid in reconstructive surgical planning.

Differentiating Physiology from Pathology: The Gray Zones of the Athlete's Heart.

Routine vigorous exercise can lead to electrical, structural, and functional adaptations that can enhance exercise performance. There are several factors that determine the type and magnitude of exercise-induced cardiac remodeling (EICR) in trained athletes. In some athletes with pronounced cardiac remodeling, there can be an overlap in morphologic features with mild forms of cardiomyopathy creating gray zone scenarios whereby distinguishing health from disease can be difficult.

Impact of defensins-containing body cream on skin composition.

Background And Aims: Defensins are peptides capable of reactivating latent LGR6 stem cells in the basal layer. When applied topically, these peptides can reduce signs of skin aging and increase dermal thickness. This study investigates the effects of a topical defensin formulation on extremity skin composition.

Cardiovascular involvement among collegiate athletes following COVID-19 infection.

Background: Recent studies suggest that the prevalence of cardiac involvement in young competitive athletes with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection appears to be low.

Aim: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular involvement in young competitive athletes.

Methods: In this single-center retrospective cohort study from one Division I university; we assessed the prevalence of cardiovascular involvement among collegiate athletes who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by polymerase chain reaction testing.

Role of glucagon-like peptide-1 agonist in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting: A meta-analysis.

Importance: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) protects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Controversy exists on the effects of GLP-1 on AMI patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.

Study Objective: We aimed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of GLP-1 in AMI patients after PCI and CABG.

Exercise-Induced Cardiovascular Adaptations and Approach to Exercise and Cardiovascular Disease: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.

The role of the sports cardiologist has evolved into an essential component of the medical care of athletes. In addition to the improvement in health outcomes caused by reductions in cardiovascular risk, exercise results in adaptations in cardiovascular structure and function, termed exercise-induced cardiac remodeling. As diagnostic modalities have evolved over the last century, we have learned much about the healthy athletic adaptation that occurs with exercise.

Predictors of Fibrotic and Bone Tissue Formation With 3-D Reconstructions of Post-implantation Human Temporal Bones.

Hypothesis: Years of implantation, surgical insertion approach, and electrode length will impact the volume of new tissue formation secondary to cochlear implantation.

Background: New tissue formation, fibrosis, and osteoneogenesis after cochlear implantation have been implicated in increasing impedance and affecting performance of the cochlear implant.

Methods: 3-D reconstructions of 15 archival human temporal bones from patients with a history of cochlear implantation (CI) were generated from H&E histopathologic slides to study factors which affect volume of tissue formation.

Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses Published in High-Impact Otolaryngology Journals.

Objective: To assess the methodological quality of intervention-focused systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) published in high-impact otolaryngology journals.

Data Sources: Ovid Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library.

Review Methods: A comprehensive search was performed for SR and MA citations from 2012 to 2017 in the 10 highest impact factor otolaryngology journals.

Analysis of Sinus Balloon Catheter Dilation Providers Based on Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data.

Background: The use of balloon catheter dilation (BCD) to treat chronic rhinosinusitis has increased dramatically since its conception, necessitating further characterization of BCD providers and trends in its usage. Medicare data on BCD providers have made it possible to study recent demographic patterns. There has also been an increase in mid-level providers' scope of otolaryngologic practice that is not well defined.

Morphometric linear and angular measurements of the human cochlea in implant patients using 3-dimensional reconstruction.

The present study is the first to evaluate the spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) and the linear and angular measurements of the cochlea in temporal bones of cochlear implant (CI) recipients. There are no studies evaluating the morphometric measures in subjects after long-term CI use, and this study fills in this gap in current knowledge, greatly important for the design of CI electrodes. Amira based 3-D reconstructions of the cochlea were generated from stained histopathological slides of 15 celloidin-embedded human temporal bones.

Sinus irrigation penetration after balloon sinuplasty vs functional endoscopic sinus surgery in a cadaveric model.

Background: Nasal irrigation is a cornerstone of treatment for chronic rhinosinusitis. The purpose of this study was to quantify irrigation penetration to the sinuses following balloon sinuplasty and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS).

Methods: Balloon sinuplasty followed by FESS was performed on 4 cadaver heads.

Zoonotic Staphylococcus pseudintermedius sinonasal infections: risk factors and resistance patterns.

Background: Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a Gram-positive bacteria that colonizes the skin and orifices of healthy canines and felines. It has recently been identified as a cause of sinonasal infections in humans.

Methods: This study was a retrospective review of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients with S pseudintermedius-positive sinonasal cultures and comparison to a prospectively collected control sample of patients who underwent culture for acute exacerbation of CRS.

Large pleural effusions causing cardiac tamponade: a case report and review of the literature.

Hemodynamically significant cardiac tamponade physiology is an uncommon complication of a large pleural effusion. Previous reports have shown that this physiology can be reversed with thoracentesis. We describe a case of a 69-year-old man with multiple cardiac risk factors presenting with decompensated congestive heart failure and unstable angina.

Cardiac sarcoidosis: diagnosis and management.

Cardiac sarcoidosis can be life threatening if not promptly diagnosed and treated appropriately and aggressively. The diagnosis of myocardial disease is often difficult and circumstantial because there are no reliable diagnostic tests. Except for the finding of noncaseating granulomas on endomyocardial biopsy, most tests are limited and nonspecific.

[Psychotic disorders of sexual and erotic content in different diseases].

The results of long-term (1970-2000) clinical-psychopathological study of 251 patients with different forms of schizophrenia (161 cases), manic-depressive illness (19) and exogenous organic mental disorders (71) are summarized. The dynamics and different manifestations of psychotic disorders of sexual and erotic content described. These disorders were appeared mostly by hallucinations and delusions of various content.

[The dehydration action of ketamine on tumorous and normal glandular breast tissues in vitro].

The authors studied the effect of the ketamine anesthetic on hydration of tumoral and normal glandular cells and on the binding of labelled ouabain with the tissues in order to reveal changes in the number of active Na-K-ATPase molecules on the cell membrane. Hydration of tumoral and normal cells diminished in one-hour incubation in a solution of narcotic and subnarcotic doses of ketamine based on Tyrode's solution. The binding of ouabain by 3H also sharply reduced in a concentration of 10(-8) M in 30 min incubation, after incubation of pieces of tissues in ketamine, which was also evidence of reduction of the cell volume.

[Sensitivity of different tissues of rats to the effects of a permanent magnetic field].

The biological effects of magnetic fields are known to be realized through the water structure of living organisms, which is the 60-90% of cells. In this respect the experiments investigating the magnetosensitivity of different tissues of rats by measuring the changes of hydration are of great interest. As it was shown, the tissues with higher hydration state (brain) were more sensitive to SMF influence, where depending on the exposure time the hydration of brain tissue increased.