Evaluation of 10-minute post-injection 11C-PiB PET and its correlation with 18F-FDG PET in older adults who are cognitively healthy, mildly impaired, or with probable Alzheimer's disease.

Objective: Positron emission tomography (PET) allows in vivo evaluation of molecular targets in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Mild cognitive impairment is an intermediate stage between normal cognition and Alzheimer-type dementia. In vivo fibrillar amyloid-beta can be detected in PET using [11C]-labeled Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PiB).

Episodic Memory, Hippocampal Volume, and Function for Classification of Mild Cognitive Impairment Patients Regarding Amyloid Pathology.

Background: Previous studies of hippocampal function and volume related to episodic memory deficits in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) have produced mixed results including increased or decreased activity and volume. However, most of them have not included biomarkers, such as amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition which is the hallmark for early identification of the Alzheimer's disease continuum.

Objective: We investigated the role of Aβ deposition, functional hippocampal activity and structural volume in aMCI patients and healthy elderly controls (HC) using a new functional MRI (fMRI) ecological episodic memory task.

The Association Between Acquired Color Deficiency and PET Imaging of Neurodegeneration in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer Disease.

Purpose: To evaluate color vision changes and retinal processing of chromatic and luminance pathways in subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) compared with a matched control group and whether such changes are associated with impaired brain glucose metabolism and β-amyloid deposition in the brain.

Methods: We evaluated 13 patients with AD (72.4 ± 7.

imaging evidence of poor cognitive resilience to Alzheimer's disease pathology in subjects with very low cognitive reserve from a low-middle income environment.

Introduction: Reduced cognitive reserve (CR) due to very low educational (VLE) levels may influence high dementia rates in low-middle income environments, leading to decreased cognitive resilience (RES) to Alzheimer´s disease (AD) pathology. However, findings in VLE groups confirming this prediction are lacking.

Methods: Cognitively impaired patients (with clinically defined AD dementia or amnestic mild cognitive impairment) and cognitively unimpaired older adults (n = 126) were recruited for a positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation in Brazil, including 37 VLE individuals (≤5 years of education).

Relationship Between PET-Assessed Amyloid Burden and Visual and Verbal Episodic Memory Performance in Elderly Subjects.

Background: Studies of elderly subjects using biomarkers that are proxies for Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology have the potential to document meaningful relationships between cognitive performance and biomarker changes along the AD continuum.

Objective: To document cognitive performance differences across distinct AD stages using a categorization based on the presence of PET-assessed amyloid-β (Aβ) burden and neurodegeneration.

Methods: Patients with mild dementia compatible with AD (n = 38) or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI; n = 43) and a cognitively unimpaired group (n = 27) underwent PET with Pittsburgh compound-B (PiB) assessing Aβ aggregation (A+) and [18F]FDG-PET assessing neurodegeneration ((N)+).

Therapeutic Efficiency of Multiple Applications of Magnetic Hyperthermia Technique in Glioblastoma Using Aminosilane Coated Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: In Vitro and In Vivo Study.

Magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) has been shown as a promising alternative therapy for glioblastoma (GBM) treatment. This study consists of three parts: The first part evaluates the heating potential of aminosilane-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONa). The second and third parts comprise the evaluation of MHT multiple applications in GBM model, either in vitro or in vivo.

18F-FDG PET/CT AS AN ASSESSMENT TOOL OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA SECONDARY TO NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE DEVELOPMENT IN EXPERIMENTAL MODEL.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can be the last step of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evolution. Experimental models are crucial to elucidate the pathogenesis of HCC secondary to NAFLD. The 2-deoxy-2-(18F)fluoro-D-glucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) plays an important role in evaluating HCC development and progression.

Topography of 11C-Pittsburgh compound B uptake in Alzheimer's disease: a voxel-based investigation of cortical and white matter regions.

Objective: To compare results of positron emission tomography (PET) with carbon-11-labeled Pittsburgh compound B (11C-PIB) obtained with cerebellar or global brain uptake for voxel intensity normalization, describe the cortical sites with highest tracer uptake in subjects with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD), and explore possible group differences in 11C-PIB binding to white matter.

Methods: 11C-PIB PET scans were acquired from subjects with AD (n=17) and healthy elderly controls (n=19). Voxel-based analysis was performed with statistical parametric mapping (SPM).

F-Fluoride PET/CT and Tc-MDP SPECT/CT can detect bone cancer at early stage in rodents.

Noninvasive imaging using positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) are considered revolutionized approaches to detect bone cancer. Both PET/CT and SPECT/CT technologies have advanced to permit miniaturization, which has provided the advantage of including animals as their own controls in longitudinal studies. The present study was designed to evaluate the potential of PET/CT and SPECT/CT as research tools to detect bone cancer in rats.

Evaluation of GX1 and RGD-GX1 peptides as new radiotracers for angiogenesis evaluation in experimental glioma models.

Gliomas are the most common type among all central nervous system tumors. The aggressiveness of gliomas is correlated with the level of angiogenesis and is often associated with prognosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the novel GX1 peptide and the heterodimer RGD-GX1 radiolabeled with technetium-99m, for angiogenesis detection in glioma models.

PET imaging in multiple sclerosis.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive technique for quantitative imaging of biochemical and physiological processes in animals and humans. PET uses probes labeled with a radioactive isotope, called PET tracers, which can bind to or be converted by a specific biological target and thus can be applied to detect and monitor different aspects of diseases. The number of applications of PET imaging in multiple sclerosis is still limited.

PET imaging of focal demyelination and remyelination in a rat model of multiple sclerosis: comparison of [11C]MeDAS, [11C]CIC and [11C]PIB.

Purpose: In this study, we compared the ability of [(11)C]CIC, [(11)C]MeDAS and [(11)C]PIB to reveal temporal changes in myelin content in focal lesions in the lysolecithin rat model of multiple sclerosis. Pharmacokinetic modelling was performed to determine the best method to quantify tracer uptake.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were stereotactically injected with either 1 % lysolecithin or saline into the corpus callosum and striatum of the right brain hemisphere.