Advancing Glaucoma Treatment During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Contemporary Management Strategies and Prospective Therapeutic Developments.

The management of glaucoma in pregnancy and breastfeeding requires a careful evaluation of treatment choices to guarantee the well-being of both the mother and the developing fetus. This review explores the intricacies of controlling glaucoma in pregnant and breastfeeding women, including a comprehensive overview of existing glaucoma treatment methods, clinical guidelines, and future therapeutic approaches. The efficacy and safety profiles of traditional treatment approaches, such as topical and systemic medicines and surgical treatments, are evaluated specifically about their use during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Brolucizumab for the Treatment of Diabetic Macular Edema: An Optical Coherence Tomography-Based Analysis.

: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the structural and functional outcomes after the loading phase with brolucizumab in switched patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) and to identify potential predictive biomarkers of treatment response. : A total of 28 eyes with DME, switched to brolucizumab, were retrospectively reviewed. Main outcomes during the follow-up period, up to 6 weeks after the fifth injection, included changes in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central subfield thickness (CST), macular volume, subfoveal choroidal thickness, intraretinal and subretinal fluid (IRF and SRF), cyst dimension including maximal horizontal cyst diameter (MHCD), maximal vertical cyst diameter (MVCD), width-to-height ratio (WHR), foveal avascular zone (FAZ) dimension, and vessel density (VD).

Management of Eyelid Pathologies That Cause Corneal Lesions.

Corneal injuries, which make up 3% of emergency room visits, can vary from small scratches to exposure or trauma-related damage that might be fatal to vision. Mechanical trauma, diseases of the eyelids, neurotrophic abnormalities, and chemical burns are common causes. A thorough examination is necessary for an accurate diagnosis and treatment plan.

Exudative perifoveal vascular anomalous complex (ePVAC) resembling lesion in a patient with adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy.

Purpose: to report a case of exudative perifoveal vascular anomalous complex (ePVAC) in a patient with adult-onset foveomacular vitelliform dystrophy.

Observations: A 71-year-old male presented with moderate vision loss in his left eye. His past medical and ocular history were unremarkable.

Amniotic Membrane Transplantation: Clinical Applications in Enhancing Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration.

Chronic wounds and non-healing tissue defects pose significant clinical challenges, necessitating innovative therapeutic approaches. A comprehensive literature review of amniotic membrane transplantation for wound healing and tissue repair evaluates the efficacy and safety of amniotic membrane transplantation in enhancing wound healing and tissue repair. Amniotic membranes promote wound closure and reduce inflammation and scarring via abundant growth factors, cytokines, and extracellular matrix components, which foster conducive environments for tissue regeneration.

Utilising Narrative Medicine to Identify Key Factors Affecting Quality of Life in Dry Eye Disease: An Italian Multicentre Study.

Introduction: Despite an improved understanding of its pathogenesis, dry eye disease (DED) remains relatively underestimated and its treatment challenging. A better alignment between the clinical evaluation and the patient self-assessment also requires capturing the whole patient experience of DED. This project aimed to unveil this experience through narrative medicine (NM).

Long-term outcomes of canaloplasty and phaco-canaloplasty in the treatment of open angle glaucoma: a single-surgeon experience.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the long-term outcomes of canaloplasty and phaco-canaloplasty in the treatment of open angle glaucoma and assess the prognostic factors associated with surgical outcome.

Methods: A 48-month retrospective analysis was performed on n = 133 open angle glaucoma eyes treated with canaloplasty and n = 57 open angle glaucoma eyes treated with phaco-canaloplasty by a single surgeon. Surgical success was defined according to six criteria, achieving a target intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤ 21, 18 or 15 mmHg on glaucoma medications (qualified success) or without any further treatment (complete success), including laser therapy or surgery.

Phacoemulsification Wound Burn and Its Management.

Introduction: The production of ultrasonic energy during phacoemulsification is associated with heat generation that could damage ocular tissues, particularly at the corneoscleral wound site.

Case Presentation: This study presents an 89-year-old patient with senile hypermature cataract and Fuchs endothelial dystrophy developing severe thermal corneoscleral injury during phacoemulsification. At presentation, visual acuity was finger count at 40 cm and there was a 1 × 2-mm area of corneal melting at the corneal tunnel with diffuse corneal oedema.

Worsening of early DME after cataract surgery. The DICAT II Study report #2.

Purpose: To analyse the long anatomical and functional outcome of a subgroup of the DICAT II study cohort, consisting of 26 patients undergoing cataract surgery and withdrawn from the study for a clinically significant worsening of early diabetic macular edema (DME).

Materials: Patients who underwent cataract surgery and withdrawn from the DICAT II study for a clinically significant worsening of early DME with at least 12 months follow-up after the dropout. The study population was divided into two groups according to the clinical evaluation at one-year follow-up: ongoing treatment patients for DME (Treatment group, TG) and patients no longer treated (Non Treatment group, NTG).

Capecitabine-Related Fourth Nerve Palsy: A Case Report.

Introduction: Capecitabine has rarely been associated with neurotoxicity. Cerebellar ataxia, multifocal leukoencephalopathy, and sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy have been reported in the literature. A case of 6th nerve palsy associated with capecitabine has also been described.

Systematic review for the development of a core outcome set for monofocal intraocular lenses for cataract surgery.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to define a core outcome set (COS) to be measured following cataract surgery for the postoperative evaluation of monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). Compared to current COSs, the present work provides updates considering the advances in the technology due to the development of new generation monofocal IOLs, which are characterized by a safety profile comparable to standard monofocal IOLs but with an extended range of intermediate vision.

Methods: Healthcare professionals (ophthalmologist surgeons) and patients were involved in the selection of outcomes to be included in the COS, starting from a list of indicators retrieved from a systematic literature search.

Visual outcomes and patient satisfaction after bilateral implantation of an enhanced monofocal intraocular lens: a single-masked prospective randomized study.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the visual outcomes of an enhanced monofocal intraocular lens (IOL) with two different monofocal IOLs.

Setting: Eye Clinic, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Design: Prospective, single-center, single-masked, randomized controlled clinical study.

Long-term functional outcome between Yamane technique and retropupillary iris-claw technique in a large study cohort.

Purpose: To evaluate which secondary intraocular lens (IOL) implantation technique was more successful in achieving the best postoperative results and refractive outcomes between retropupillary iris-claw IOL (ICIOL) and flanged intrascleral IOL (FIIOL) fixation with the Yamane technique.

Setting: Eye Clinic of the University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Design: Retrospective observational study.

Hitting the refractive target in corneal endothelial transplantation triple procedures: A systematic review.

In phakic patients Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) or Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) are frequently combined with phacoemulsification and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation (triple procedure). This surgery might cause a refractive shift difficult to predict. Early DMEK and DSAEK results have shown a tendency toward a hyperopic shift.

Functional and anatomical outcomes of brolucizumab for nAMD in a real-life setting.

To report long-term outcomes of brolucizumab in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) treatment. Records from 74 patients were retrospectively reviewed. Both naïve eyes and those previously treated with other antiVEGF agents were included.

Corneal epithelial changes in a patient treated with belantamab mafodotin.

The aim of the study is to report a case of corneal epithelial changes in a patient with refractory multiple myeloma (MM) who was treated with belantamab mafodotin (BM). A 55-year-old man diagnosed with refractory MM was referred to our hospital for treatment with BM, an antibody-drug conjugate targeting B-cell maturation antigen. After 33 days of treatment, the patient experienced a bilateral reduction in visual acuity (VA), along with dry eye symptoms such as itchy eyes and a sensation of having a foreign body.

Expert consensus on the management of patients undergoing cataract surgery: A Delphi study.

Purpose: To define the management of patients undergoing cataract surgery.

Setting: Panel of experts on cataract surgery and members of the Italian Association of Cataract and Refractive Surgery (AICCER) participated in the Delphi study.

Design: A restricted panel of experts defined the statements concerning the topic and identified a larger panel of experts who voted the statements.

OCT-based deep-learning models for the identification of retinal key signs.

A new system based on binary Deep Learning (DL) convolutional neural networks has been developed to recognize specific retinal abnormality signs on Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images useful for clinical practice. Images from the local hospital database were retrospectively selected from 2017 to 2022. Images were labeled by two retinal specialists and included central fovea cross-section OCTs.

Changes in Anterior Segment Morphology and Intraocular Pressure after Cataract Surgery in Non-glaucomatous Eyes.

Background: It is known that cataract extraction is associated with a significant reduction in intraocular pressure, especially in narrow angled eyes; however, the modifications of anterior segment parameters associated with this phenomenon have still not been completely defined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in anterior segment anatomy and intraocular pressure after cataract surgery in non-glaucomatous eyes.

Methods And Material: This retrospective case series study included 64 eyes of 64 consecutive patients who underwent phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation.

Bilateral Implantation of Multifocal Intraocular Lenses: 10-Year Follow-Up.

Purpose: To evaluate and compare the long-term results after bilateral implantation of different multifocal intraocular lenses (MIOLs).

Methods: This retrospective comparative study included 42 patients who underwent cataract surgery with bilateral MIOL implantation. Patients were divided into 5 groups: Group 1 received a refractive ReZoom NGX1 IOL (AMO), Group 2 a diffractive Acrysof ReSTOR SA60D3 IOL (Alcon), and Group 3 a diffractive Tecnis ZM900 IOL (AMO).

How Could Medical and Surgical Treatment Affect the Quality of Life in Glaucoma Patients? A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: To evaluate and compare the visual function and the quality of life (QoL) in glaucomatous patients treated with topical medical therapy (TMT) alone, canaloplasty (CP), or trabeculectomy (TB).

Methods: A total of 291 eyes of 167 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma or secondary pseudoexfoliative glaucoma in TMT or surgically treated with CP or TB were included. Eligibility criteria for surgical patients included not needing TMT after surgery.