Vertical root fractures and cracked teeth: post-endodontic root dentinal status through micro-CT assessment after ex vivo fiber post removal.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate cracked teeth and vertical root fracture observable on micro-CT images of extracted roots of mandibular incisors, after fiber post removal.

Materials And Methods: Thirty mandibular incisors were selected with any degree of slight incisal wear inspected with the aid of a stereomicroscope under 12x magnification, in order to have a group of young adult specimens according to the criteria of Hugoson et al. A sample of twelve mandibular incisors were selected, aged between 20 and 30 years old, with similar dentine volume and thickness.

Relationship between smile type and periodontal phenotype: A clinical and tomographic cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between smile type (ST) and the periodontal phenotype (PP).

Material And Methods: Clinical and photographic examinations of 164 participants (48 men and 116 women, mean age 22.9 ± 4.

Micro-CT assessment of gap-containing areas along the gutta-percha-sealer interface in oval-shaped canals.

Aim: To assess the interfacial adaptation (gap-containing areas) of two root canal sealers (EndoSequence BC Sealer and AH Plus) to a conventional gutta-percha (GP) cone (GP-sealer interface) in oval-shaped canals filled using the single cone technique.

Methodology: Sixteen teeth with oval-shaped canals were selected, scanned in a micro-computed tomographic device, and pair-matched according to the volume, aspect ratio and configuration of root canals. Root canals were then sequentially prepared with WaveOne Gold Primary and Large instruments, followed by filling with WaveOne Large GP points associated with either the premixed calcium-silicate EndoSequence BC Sealer or the epoxy resin-based AH Plus sealer (n = 8 per group) using the single cone technique.

A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study root canal fillings.

Canal filling materials and techniques have been one of the most studied topics in Endodontics. A simple search using the mesh term "root canal filling" in PubMed revealed more than 11 000 articles, an impressive number that is much higher than "root canal disinfection" (5544 articles) or even the popular "root canal preparation" (8527 articles). The overriding importance attributed to root filling procedures is not merely intuitive.

Present status and future directions - Minimal endodontic access cavities.

In the last decades, the move of medicine towards minimally invasive treatments is notorious and scientifically grounded. As dentistry naturally follows in its footsteps, minimal access preparation have also becume a trend topic in the endodontic field. This procedure aims to maximize preservation of dentine tissue backed up by the idea that this is an effective way to reduce the incidence of post-treatment tooth fracture.

A critical analysis of research methods and experimental models to study dentinal microcracks.

The purpose of this narrative review was to discuss the scientific milestones that led to the current understanding of the root dentinal microcrack phenomenon based on the interplay between the usage of micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) as an analytical tool alongside a close-to-mouth experimental model. In 2009, reports on the development of dentinal microcracks in extracted teeth after root canal preparation triggered an awareness of the potential for vertical root fractures (VRFs) of endodontically treated teeth could be developed from defects created by the mechanical stress of nickel-titanium preparation systems on dentine. This assumption was taken for granted, even though no cause-effect relationship had been scientifically demonstrated.

Methodological proposal for evaluation of adhesion of root canal sealers to gutta-percha.

Aim: To compare the bond strength of an epoxy resin-based sealer and two calcium silicate-based sealers (CSS) to gutta-percha discs using a new method.

Methodology: Round discs of gutta-percha (n = 60), measuring 10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness, were placed on a glass plate and a drop of each sealer (AH Plus, EndoSequence BC Sealer and EndoSeal MTA) was placed on their surface. Another identical disc was placed onto the first one and a standardized weight (0.

Is canal overinstrumentation able to produce apical root dentinal microcracks in extracted teeth?

Aim: To assess the impact of mechanical overinstrumentation of root canals in extracted teeth on the development of dentinal microcracks in the apical portion of the root by means of micro-computed tomographic (micro-CT) analysis. Root canal preparation short of the canal terminus and at the apical foramen (AF) were used as controls.

Methodology: Twenty 2-rooted maxillary premolars with two canals were selected, scanned in a micro-CT device and the root canals prepared sequentially using Reciproc M-Wire R25 instruments to working lengths: 1 mm short of the AF (AF - 1 mm), at the AF (AF), and overinstrumentation (AF + 1 mm).

Effects of clinical use of NiTi reciprocating instruments on cyclic and torsional resistance, and on roughness.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cyclic fatigue, torsional resistance and surface roughness of Reciproc R25 instruments in four different situations, namely as new instruments and as instruments tested after clinical preparation of one, two or three maxillary molars with four root canals. The total time required to perform each root canal preparation was recorded. Cyclic fatigue resistance was determined by the time to fracture using a customized testing device (n = 10 per group).

Root groove depth and inter-orifice canal distance as anatomical predictive factors for danger zone in the mesial root of mandibular first molars.

Objectives: This study evaluated the danger zone (DZ) in mesial roots of mandibular molars and the correlation between anatomical references of the DZ and some anatomical landmarks including tooth/root length, depth of mesial and distal grooves, and inter-canal orifices distance.

Material And Methods: Twenty-eight mesial roots of mandibular molars with 2 independent canals were scanned and divided into 2 groups according to root length. The anatomical landmarks were correlated (Pearson or Spearman coefficients) with root level, thickness, and position of the DZ and also compared (independent samples t or Mann-Whitney tests) between the 2 groups at α = 5%.

Glide Path with Reciprocating Driven Pathfinding Instrument: Performance and Fracture Rate.

Introduction: This study assessed the number of mesial and distal canals of mandibular molars in which the R-Pilot pathfinding reciprocating instrument reached the working length (WL) during macro glide path procedure. Fracture and deformation rates were also evaluated.

Methods: One hundred fifty-six root canals of 52 teeth were scouted to the length of the apical foramen.

Determining the setting of root canal sealers using an in vivo animal experimental model.

Objectives: To present and explore the potential of an animal-based experimental model developed to determine the set of root canal sealers in vivo. The setting of AH Plus, BioC Sealer, TotalFill BC Sealer, and Sealapex was determined using either ISO 6876 or the novel in vivo method proposed in this study.

Material And Methods: The in vitro setting time of the sealers tested was determined in accordance with ISO 6876:2012.

Dislodgment Resistance of Bioceramic and Epoxy Sealers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Objectives: The aim of the present systematic review was to evaluate if epoxy resin-based root canal sealers present superior push-out bond strength compared to calcium silicate-based root canal sealers.

Methods: The inclusion criteria consisted of in vitro studies that compared the push-out bond strength of epoxy resin-based and calcium silicate-based sealers. A systematic search was performed in the following databases for articles published until February 2018: PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and OpenGrey.

3-dimensional Ability Assessment in Removing Root Filling Material from Pair-matched Oval-shaped Canals Using Thermal-treated Instruments.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of the XP-endo Shaper instrument (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) during the removal of root fillings from oval-shaped canals. M-Wire Reciproc and Reciproc Blue systems (VDW, Munich, Germany) were used as reference instruments for comparison, and micro-computed technology was used as an analytical tool.

Methods: Thirty mandibular incisors with oval-shaped canals were matched based on similar anatomic features of the canal (eg, volume, aspect ratio, and 3-dimensional configuration) after scanning procedures.

Performance of Reciproc Blue R25 Instruments in Shaping the Canal Space without Glide Path.

Introduction: This study assessed the frequency in which Reciproc Blue R25 instruments (VDW, Munich, Germany) reached the full working length (WL) of mandibular molar canals without a glide path. The influence of the type of electric motor (ie, conventional corded or cordless) on the instrument's performance was also assessed.

Methods: One hundred mandibular molars with slight to moderate root canals were selected and randomly assigned into 1 of 2 experimental groups according to the type of electric motor used: conventional corded (VDW Silver, VDW) or cordless motors (VDW.

Micro-computed Tomography Shaping Ability Assessment of the New Blue Thermal Treated Reciproc Instrument.

Introduction: The present study aimed to assess canal preparation outcomes achieved by the new Reciproc Blue instrument using micro-computed tomography technology. M-Wire Reciproc was used as a reference instrument for comparison.

Methods: Seven pair-matched mesial roots of mandibular molars presenting similar anatomic features of the canal (length, volume, surface area, and configuration) were selected after scanning procedures and assigned to 1 of the 2 groups according to the instrument used, M-Wire Reciproc and Reciproc Blue.

Cyclic and Torsional Fatigue Resistance of XP-endo Shaper and TRUShape Instruments.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cyclic and torsional fatigue resistance of the XP-endo Shaper (FKG Dentaire, La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland) and TRUShape (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) instruments.

Methods: Twenty XP-endo Shaper (30/0.01) instruments and 20 TRUShape (30/0.

Fixed Rehabilitation of Edentulous Mandibles Using 2 to 4 Implants: A Systematic Review.

Objective: This systematic review evaluated survival rates, marginal bone loss (MBL), and complications of using 2 to 4 implants to support full-arch fixed prostheses in the mandible.

Materials And Methods: An electronic search was performed in PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials to identify relevant articles published until March 2015. Articles were critically reviewed to determine the level of quality.