InCliniGene enables high-throughput and comprehensive in vivo clonal tracking toward clinical genomics data integration.

High-throughput clonal tracking in patients under hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy with integrating vector is instrumental in assessing bio-safety and efficacy. Monitoring the fate of millions of transplanted clones and their progeny across differentiation and proliferation over time leverages the identification of the vector integration sites, used as surrogates of clonal identity. Although γ-tracking retroviral insertion sites (γ-TRIS) is the state-of-the-art algorithm for clonal identification, the computational drawbacks in the tracking algorithm, based on a combinatorial all-versus-all strategy, limit its use in clinical studies with several thousands of samples per patient.

On the Origins of Phenotypic Parallelism in Benthic and Limnetic Stickleback.

Rapid evolution of similar phenotypes in similar environments, giving rise to in situ parallel adaptation, is an important hallmark of ecological speciation. However, what appears to be in situ adaptation can also arise by dispersal of divergent lineages from elsewhere. We test whether two contrasting phenotypes repeatedly evolved in parallel, or have a single origin, in an archetypal example of ecological adaptive radiation: benthic-limnetic three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) across species pair and solitary lakes in British Columbia.

Automatic Passenger Counting on the Edge via Unsupervised Clustering.

We present a device- and network-based solution for automatic passnger counting that operates on the edge in real time. The proposed solution consists of a low-cost WiFi scanner device equipped with custom algorithms for dealing with MAC address randomization. Our low-cost scanner is able to capture and analyze 802.

Long-term, basin-scale salinity impacts from desalination in the Arabian/Persian Gulf.

The nations on the shoreline of the Arabian/Persian Gulf are the world's largest users of desalination technologies, which are essential to meet their freshwater needs. Desalinated freshwater production is projected to rapidly increase in future decades. Thus, concerns have been raised that desalination activities may result in non-negligible long-term, basin-wide increases of salinity, which would have widespread detrimental effects on the Gulf marine ecosystems, with ripple effects on fisheries, as well as impacting the desalination activities themselves.

Robotic-assisted, laparoscopic, and open radical cystectomy: surgical data of 1400 patients from The Italian Radical Cystectomy Registry on intraoperative outcomes.

Introduction: The Italian Radical Cystectomy Registry (Registro Italiano Cistectomie - RIC) aimed to analyse outcomes of a multicenter series of patients treated with radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer.

Material And Methods: An observational, prospective, multicenter, cohort study was performed to collect data from RC and urinary diversion via open (ORC), laparoscopic (LRC), or robotic-assisted (RARC) techniques performed in 28 Italian Urological Departments. The enrolment was planned from January 2017 to June 2020 (goal: 1000 patients), with a total of 1425 patients included.

T-L technique for HoLEP: perioperative outcomes of a large single-centre series.

Introduction: The aim of this article was to describe, step-by-step, an original technique (T-L technique) in a single centre series of patients who underwent holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia and analyze perioperative outcomes.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 567 patients who underwent HoLEP. The T-L technique consists of a series of incisions used as landmarks, performed at the beginning of the procedure before enucleation.

Long-term outcomes of Holmium laser enucleation of prostate and predictive model for symptom recurrence.

Introduction And Objectives: Holmium laser enucleation of prostate (HoLEP) represents one of the most studied surgical techniques for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Its efficacy in symptom relief has been widely depicted. However, few evidence is available regarding the possible predictors of symptom recurrence.

Perioperative Outcomes of Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: The aim of the study was to systematically review the literature and describe perioperative complications of holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP), including the Clavien-Dindo classification of surgical complications.

Methods: All English language publications on HoLEP were evaluated. We followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses) guidelines to evaluate PubMed®, Scopus®, and Web of Science™ databases from January 1, 1998, to June 1, 2020.

The combination of waterjet ablation (Aquabeam) and holmium laser power for treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: early functional results.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the short-term functional outcomes and the efficacy of hemostasis performed with holmium laser performed following prostatic hydroablation with the Aquabeam system.

Material And Methods: Between June 2019 and July 2020, 53 consecutive patients underwent Aquabeam with our modified hemostasis approach with holmium laser. The following standard preoperative assessments were retrospectively recorded: prostate volume; International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) and Quality of Life (IPSS-QoL); uroflowmetry including Qmax and post void residual volume (PVR).

Advantages of using graph databases to explore chromatin conformation capture experiments.

Background: High-throughput sequencing Chromosome Conformation Capture (Hi-C) allows the study of DNA interactions and 3D chromosome folding at the genome-wide scale. Usually, these data are represented as matrices describing the binary contacts among the different chromosome regions. On the other hand, a graph-based representation can be advantageous to describe the complex topology achieved by the DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.

Short Time Delay Between Previous Prostate Biopsy for Prostate Cancer Assessment and Holmium Laser Enucleation of the Prostate Correlates with Worse Perioperative Outcomes.

Background: No data are available regarding the impact of time between a previous transrectal prostate biopsy (PB) and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HoLEP) on perioperative outcomes.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of time from PB to HoLEP on perioperative outcomes.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A total of 172 consecutive patients treated with HoLEP within 12 mo of a single previous transrectal PB at two tertiary centers were included.

The Clinical Efficacy of Nitrofurantoin for Treating Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infection in Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials.

Objective: To provide an updated systematic review of randomized control trials (RCTs) to investigate the clinical and microbiological efficacy of nitrofurantoin compared to other antibiotics or placebo for treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (uUTI). A secondary aim is to assess whether nitrofurantoin use is associated with increased side effects compared to other treatment regimens.

Summary: The review was performed according to PRISMA guidelines.

Protocol of the Italian Radical Cystectomy Registry (RIC): a non-randomized, 24-month, multicenter study comparing robotic-assisted, laparoscopic, and open surgery for radical cystectomy in bladder cancer.

Background: Bladder cancer is the ninth most common type of cancer worldwide. In the past, radical cystectomy via open surgery has been considered the gold-standard treatment for muscle invasive bladder cancer. However, in recent years there has been a progressive increase in the use of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical cystectomy.

Adding systematic biopsy to magnetic resonance ultrasound fusion targeted biopsy of the prostate in men with previous negative biopsy or enrolled in active surveillance programs: A prospective single center, randomized study.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) targeted biopsy (TBx) of the prostate demonstrated to improve detection rate (DR) of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) in biopsy-naive patients achieving strong level of evidence. Nevertheless, the csPCa yield for TBx alone versus TBx plus systematic biopsy (SBx) after accounting for overlapping of SBx cores with TBx cores, in prior-negative or active surveillance (AS) patients has not been well established.The objective of the study was to investigate benefits in terms of detection rate and pathological stratification of prostate cancer (PCa) using contextual SBx during MRI-TBx.

The pathological and clinical features of anterior lesions of prostate cancer: Evaluation in a single cohort of patients.

Introduction: The aim of our work is to evaluate the principal differences of the pathological features in prostate cancer (PCa) lesions comparing those in the anterior region of the gland (APCa) to those in the posterior zone (PPCa) among patients who underwent to robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy (RP).

Material And Methods: A total of 85 consecutive patients (mean age 66; IQR 62-71) with clinically suspected PCa were studied with multiparametric magnetic resonance of prostate before prostate biopsies. The prostate biopsies were RM-guided (60 inbore biopsy (MR-GB) and 25 Fusion-biopsy (FB).

The dramatic COVID 19 outbreak in Italy is responsible of a huge drop of urological surgical activity: a multicenter observational study.

Objective: To describe the trend in surgical volume in urology in Italy during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, as a result of the abrupt reorganisation of the Italian national health system to augment care provision to symptomatic patients with COVID-19.

Methods: A total of 33 urological units with physicians affiliated to the AGILE consortium (Italian Group for Advanced Laparo-Endoscopic Surgery; www.agilegroup.

SARS-CoV-2 Infection and High-Risk Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Are There Any Common Features?

Background: The new severe acute respiratory syndrome virus (SARS-CoV-2) outbreak is a huge health, social and economic issue and has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. Bladder cancer, on the contrary, is a well-known disease burdened by a high rate of affected patients and risk of recurrence, progression and death.

Summary: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19 or 2019-nCoV) often involves mild clinical symptoms but in some cases, it can lead to pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiorgan dysfunction.

The role of magnetic resonance imaging-guided biopsy for diagnosis of prostate cancer; comparison between FUSION and "IN-BORE" approaches.

Background: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the difference in terms of feasibility and detection rate of two magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided biopsy approaches (MRI fusion versus "in-bore" MRI) in a single tertiary center.

Methods: We retrospectively identified 297 patients with suspected prostate cancer who underwent MRI based target prostate biopsy (FUSION or "in-bore" approaches) between January 2016 and January 2018 in a single tertiary center.

Results: Lesion site (peripheral vs.

Urology in the Time of Coronavirus: Reduced Access to Urgent and Emergent Urological Care during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Outbreak in Italy.

Purpose: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has put a substantial burden on the Italian healthcare system, resulting in the restructuring of hospitals to care for COVID-19 patients. However, this has likely impacted access to care for patients experiencing other conditions. We aimed to quantify the impact of COVID-19 on access to care for patients with urgent/emergent urological conditions throughout Italy.

"In-Bore" MRI-Guided Prostate Biopsy for Prostate Cancer Diagnosis: Results from 140 Consecutive Patients.

Objectives: Transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-GB) is the current reference standard procedure for diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa) but this procedure has limitations related to the low detection rate (DR) described in the literature. The aim of the study was to evaluate the DR efficiency, and complication rate in a pure "in-bore" magnetic resonance imaging-guided biopsy (MRI-GB) series according to the Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System, version 2 (PI-RADS v2).

Materials And Methods: From July 2015 to April 2018, a series of 142 consecutive patients undergoing MRI-GB were prospectively enrolled.

Not fatal venous air embolism after holmium laser enucleation of the prostate: Case report and review of literature.

Objective: Holmium laser has demonstrated high efficacy in urethral disobstruction. Venous air embolism (VAE) is a rare complication of prostate surgery. Only two cases of venous air embolism (VAE) in patients submitted to HoLEP, have been described.