Carbon monoxide supplementation: evaluating its potential to enhance altitude training effects and cycling performance in elite athletes.

Altitude training is a cornerstone for endurance athletes for improving blood variables and performance, with optimal effects observed at ∼2,300-2,500 meters above sea level (m.a.s.

Heat Suit Training Preserves the Increased Hemoglobin Mass after Altitude Camp in Elite Cyclists.

Purpose: Altitude training is a common strategy used with the intent to increase hemoglobin mass (Hb mass ) in athletes. However, if the Hb mass is increased during altitude camps, it seems to decline rapidly upon returning to sea level. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of three weekly heat training sessions over a 3.

A pilot study on bio-banding in male youth ice hockey: Players' perceptions and coaches' selection preferences.

Classifying athletes based on estimates of biological maturation (i.e., bio-banding) as a supplement to traditional age grouping has been shown to be a potential tool for enriching player development in team sports; however, bio-banding has not yet been evaluated in ice hockey.

Effects of Plyometric Training on Soft and Hard Surfaces for Improving Running Economy.

The present study investigated the effects of plyometric jump training on hard and soft surfaces on running economy (RE), maximal oxygen uptake (VO), running performance and the rate of force development in orienteers. Nineteen orienteers (11 women and 8 men, body mass 61.1 ± 7.

Short-term intensified training temporarily impairs mitochondrial respiratory capacity in elite endurance athletes.

The maintenance of healthy and functional mitochondria is the result of a complex mitochondrial turnover and herein quality-control program that includes both mitochondrial biogenesis and autophagy of mitochondria. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of an intensified training load on skeletal muscle mitochondrial quality control in relation to changes in mitochondrial oxidative capacity, maximal oxygen consumption, and performance in highly trained endurance athletes. Elite endurance athletes ( = 27) performed high-intensity interval exercise followed by moderate-intensity continuous exercise 3 days per week for 4 wk in addition to their usual volume of training.

Enhanced Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Capacity and Capillary-to-Fiber Ratio Following Moderately Increased Testosterone Exposure in Young Healthy Women.

Recently, it was shown that exogenously administered testosterone enhances endurance capacity in women. In this study, our understanding on the effects of exogenous testosterone on key determinants of oxygen transport and utilization in skeletal muscle is expanded. In a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, 48 healthy active women were randomized to 10 weeks of daily application of 10 mg of testosterone cream or placebo.

Superior Intrinsic Mitochondrial Respiration in Women Than in Men.

Sexual dimorphism is apparent in humans, however, to date no studies have investigated mitochondrial function focusing on intrinsic mitochondrial respiration (i.e., mitochondrial respiration for a given amount of mitochondrial protein) and mitochondrial oxygen affinity (p50) in relation to biological sex in human.

Exercise training during chemotherapy preserves skeletal muscle fiber area, capillarization, and mitochondrial content in patients with breast cancer.

Exercise has been suggested to ameliorate the detrimental effects of chemotherapy on skeletal muscle. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of different exercise regimens with usual care on skeletal muscle morphology and mitochondrial markers in patients being treated with chemotherapy for breast cancer. Specifically, we compared moderate-intensity aerobic training combined with high-intensity interval training (AT-HIIT) and resistance training combined with high-intensity interval training (RT-HIIT) with usual care (UC).

Reliability of maximal mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in permeabilized fibers from the vastus lateralis employing high-resolution respirometry.

The purpose was to assess the impact of various factors on methodological errors associated with measurement of maximal oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in human skeletal muscle determined by high-resolution respirometry in saponin-permeabilized fibers. Biopsies were collected from 25 men to assess differences in OXPHOS between two muscle bundles and to assess the correlation between OXPHOS and the wet weight of the muscle bundle. Biopsies from left and right thighs of another five subjects were collected on two occasions to compare limbs and time-points.

Resistance Training with Co-ingestion of Anti-inflammatory Drugs Attenuates Mitochondrial Function.

The current study aimed to examine the effects of resistance exercise with concomitant consumption of high vs. low daily doses of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. As a secondary aim, we compared the effects of eccentric overload with conventional training.

No Superior Adaptations to Carbohydrate Periodization in Elite Endurance Athletes.

Purpose: The present study investigated the effects of periodic carbohydrate (CHO) restriction on endurance performance and metabolic markers in elite endurance athletes.

Methods: Twenty-six male elite endurance athletes (maximal oxygen consumption (V˙O2max), 65.0 mL O2·kg·min) completed 4 wk of regular endurance training while being matched and randomized into two groups training with (low) or without (high) CHO manipulation 3 d·wk.