In this work, the first review paper about -iridoids was presented. In particular, their detailed occurrence, chemophenetic evaluation and biological activities were reported. To the best of our knowledge, two hundred and eighty-eight -iridoids have been evidenced so far, bearing different structural features, with the link between two -iridoids sub-units as the major one.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFoodborne diseases can be prevented by implementing a food safety system that manages food chain risks from producer to end-user, from a One Health perspective. In 2017, the European Parliament and the European Council adopted Regulation No. 625 on official food controls and other official activities performed to ensure the application of food and feed laws and rules on animal health and welfare, plant health and plant protection products.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, the first phytochemical analysis ever performed on a whole cone of Hook. is presented. This was carried out by means of column chromatography, NMR spectroscopy and MS spectrometry on the female cone, evidencing the presence of forty metabolites, thirty-three of which are primary whilst the remaining are non-volatile secondary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, aerial parts of F.H. Wigg.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, the first specific phytochemical analysis on Odontites vulgaris Moench collected in Central Italy was performed. The aerial parts ethanolic extract was studied and eight compounds were identified: pheophytin a (1), aucubin (2), catalpol (3), shanzhiside methyl ester (4), melampyroside (5), 8-epi-loganin (6), caryoptoside (7) and quinic acid (8). To the best of our knowledge, in this study, compounds (7-8) resulted to be isolated from the genus for the first time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this work, phytochemical analysis on different extracts of DC. was reported using different techniques with respect to the past. Twenty volatile and three non-volatile compounds were identified, some of which were found in this species for the first time.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this paper, the first complete review on the seco-iridoids from the genus Jasminum L. was presented. In particular, their occurrence in the genus was detailed together with their biological activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiofilm formation and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are implicated in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases caused by Gram-negative bacteria. Grape seeds, wine industry by-products, have antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. In the present study, the protective effect of procyanidin-rich grape seed extract (prGSE), from unfermented pomace of L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPecan nuts ( (Wangenh.) K. Koch) contain the highest number of phytochemicals of all nuts, are a natural source of unsaturated fatty acids and other nutrients and can be considered an important addition to the Mediterranean diet al.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Food Microbiol
January 2024
The study assessed the role of equids at slaughter as faecal carriers of Salmonella enterica and the occurrence of contaminated equid carcasses during the slaughter process in Northern Italy (Emilia-Romagna Region). From June to November 2021, 152 equids (146 horses, 5 donkeys and 1 mule) were tested for Salmonella both in caecal contents and through carcass swabs. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of recovered strains was tested against 15 antimicrobials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF(Stearn) Pignatti, known as Sardinian periwinkle, is widely diffused in Sardinia (Italy). This species contains indole alkaloids, which are known to have a great variety of biological activities. This study investigated the antileukemic activity against a B lymphoblast cell line (SUP-B15) of alkaloid-rich extracts obtained from plants grown in Italy, in Iglesias (Sardinia) and Rome (Latium).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCutaneous melanoma is an immunogenic highly heterogenic tumor characterized by poor outcomes when it is diagnosed late. Therefore, immunotherapy in combination with other anti-proliferative approaches is among the most effective weapons to control its growth and metastatic dissemination. Recently, a large amount of published reports indicate the interest of researchers and clinicians about plant secondary metabolites as potentially useful therapeutic tools due to their lower presence of side effects coupled with their high potency and efficacy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this review paper, the occurrence in the plant kingdom, the chemophenetic value and the biological activities associated with two specific phenyl-ethanoid glycosides, , leucosceptoside A and leucosceptoside B, were reported. This is the first work ever conducted on such a subject. Analysis of the literature data clearly led to three important conclusions: leucosceptoside A is much more common in plants than leucosceptoside B; leucosceptoside A exerts more biological activities than leucosceptoside B even if nothing can be generally concluded about which one is actually the most potent; neither of these compounds can be used as a chemophenetic marker.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPosidonia oceanica (L.) Delile is one of the most abundant aquatic vascular higher plants in the Mediterranean Sea belonging to Posidoniaceas family. It is considered as a valuable natural source for multiple uses either for ecological functions or industrial applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistone acetyltransferases (HATs) are involved in the epigenetic positive control of gene expression in eukaryotes. CREB-binding proteins (CBP)/p300, a subfamily of highly conserved HATs, have been shown to function as acetylases on both histones and non-histone proteins. In the model plant among the five CBP/p300 HATs, HAC1, HAC5 and HAC12 have been shown to be involved in the ethylene signaling pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmaceuticals (Basel)
May 2022
Alzheimer disease is an age-linked neurodegenerative disorder representing one of the greatest medical care challenges of our century. Several drugs are useful in ameliorating the symptoms, even if none could stop or reverse disease progression. The standard approach is represented by the cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) that restore the levels of acetylcholine (ACh) by inhibiting the acetylcholinesterase (AChE).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluenza viruses are transmitted from human to human via airborne droplets and can be transferred through contaminated environmental surfaces. Some works have demonstrated the efficacy of essential oils (EOs) as antimicrobial and antiviral agents, but most of them examined the liquid phases, which are generally toxic for oral applications. In our study, we describe the antiviral activity of , , and vapor EOs against influenza virus type A.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFungal diseases affect more than 1 billion people worldwide. The constant global changes, the advent of new pandemics, and chronic diseases favor the diffusion of fungal pathogens such as , , , , and . In this work, a series of nitrofuran derivatives were synthesized and tested against different fungal species; most of them showed inhibitory activity, fungicide, and fungistatic profile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: Multiple combinations of antiretroviral drugs have remarkably improved the treatment of HIV-1 infection. However, life-long treatments and drug resistance are still an open issue that requires continuous efforts for the identification of novel antiviral drugs.
Background: The reverse transcriptase-associated ribonuclease H (RNase H) hydrolyzes the HIV genome to allow synthesizing viral DNA.
Nocodazole is an antineoplastic agent that exerts its effects by depolymerizing microtubules. Herein we report a structural analog of nocodazole, a (1-pyrrol-1-yl)methyl-1-benzoimidazole carbamate ester derivative, named RDS 60. We evaluated the antineoplastic properties of RDS 60 in two human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines and we found that this compound significantly inhibited replication of both HNSCC cell lines without inducing any important cytotoxic effect on human dermal fibroblasts and human keratinocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNovel anti-HIV agents are still needed to overcome resistance issues, in particular inhibitors acting against novel viral targets. The ribonuclease H (RNase H) function of the reverse transcriptase (RT) represents a validated and promising target, and no inhibitor has reached the clinical pipeline yet. Here, we present rationally designed non-diketo acid selective RNase H inhibitors (RHIs) based on the quinolinone scaffold starting from former dual integrase (IN)/RNase H quinolinonyl diketo acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe cysteine protease cruzipain is considered to be a validated target for therapeutic intervention in the treatment of Chagas disease. Hence, peptidomimetic cruzipain inhibitors having a reactive group (known as warhead) are subject to continuous studies to discover novel antichagasic compounds. Here, we evaluated how different warheads for a set of structurally similar related compounds could inhibit the activity of cruzipain and, ultimately, their trypanocidal effect.
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