Long-term Effects of Kidney Transplantation Compared With Dialysis on Intima-media Thickness in Children-Results From the 4C-T Study.

Background: Children requiring kidney replacement therapy experience high burden of cardiovascular (CV) disease leading to increased mortality. Intima-media thickness (IMT) indicating atherosclerosis is a validated surrogate marker for future CV events.

Methods: We investigated the effect of different treatment modalities (dialysis, preemptive kidney transplantation (KTx), late KTx after dialysis) on IMT by multivariable linear mixed-effect modeling.

Stricter Blood Pressure Control Is Associated With Lower Left Ventricular Mass in Children After Kidney Transplantation: A Longitudinal Analysis of the 4C-T Study.

Background: We assessed the effect of blood pressure (BP) control on left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH).

Methods: Ninety-six patients (64 males) ≥9 months post-kidney transplantation from the 4C-T (Cardiovascular Comorbidity in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease and Transplantation) study were analyzed longitudinally (mean follow-up, 2.6±1.

Findings from 4C-T Study demonstrate an increased cardiovascular burden in girls with end stage kidney disease and kidney transplantation.

Mortality in children with kidney failure is higher in girls than boys with cardiovascular complications representing the most common causes of death. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), a measure of vascular stiffness, predicts cardiovascular mortality in adults. Here, PWV in children with kidney failure undergoing kidney replacement therapy was investigated to determine sex differences and potential contributing factors.

Discontinuation of RAAS Inhibition in Children with Advanced CKD.

Background And Objectives: Although renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibition (RAASi) is a cornerstone in the treatment of children with CKD, it is sometimes discontinued when kidney function declines. We studied the reasons of RAASi discontinuation and associations between RAASi discontinuation and important risk markers of CKD progression and on eGFR decline in the Cardiovascular Comorbidity in Children with CKD study.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: In this study, 69 children with CKD (67% male, mean age 13.

Greater Susceptibility for Metabolic Syndrome in Pediatric Solid Organ and Stem Cell Transplant Recipients.

Background: Cardiovascular comorbidity is of increasing importance after transplantation. Metabolic syndrome (MS) contributes to the risk for cardiovascular sequelae. Our aim was to assess the risk for MS in pediatric solid organ and stem cell transplant recipients by comparing them with matched untransplanted peers in a multicenter study.

High Burden of Subclinical Cardiovascular Target Organ Damage After Pediatric Liver Transplantation.

Cardiovascular (CV) events account for 8%-13% of deaths after liver transplantation (LT) in adulthood. Although CV risk factors (RFs) are present, little is known about the prevalence of subclinical CV target organ damage (TOD) in children after LT. The aim of this prospective observational study was to assess the prevalence of subclinical CV TOD in children after LT and to identify RFs contributing to CV damage as potential targets for clinical intervention.

Metabolic acidosis is common and associates with disease progression in children with chronic kidney disease.

Recent studies in adult chronic kidney disease (CKD) suggest that metabolic acidosis is associated with faster decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Alkali therapies improve the course of kidney disease. Here we investigated the prevalence and determinants of abnormal serum bicarbonate values and whether metabolic acidosis may be deleterious to children with CKD.