An e-learning program improves low back pain beliefs of physiotherapists: a randomised trial.

Question: How effective is an e-learning program based on international clinical guidelines in promoting beliefs more aligned with the current evidence for the management of low back pain among physiotherapists?

Design: Randomised controlled trial with concealed allocation and intention-to-treat analysis.

Participants: 106 physiotherapists who treat patients with low back pain.

Interventions: The experimental group received access to an e-learning program, based on recommendations of clinical practice guidelines for the management of low back pain, over a 6-week period.

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in dementia: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Unlabelled: Dementia is a highly prevalent syndrome with various causes, characterized by cognitive deficit in one or more domains, with important impairment of functioning, which frequently presents with neuropsychiatric symptoms that may include obsessive-compulsive symptoms.

Objectives: The main goal of this meta-analysis was to describe and determine the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in dementia.

Materials And Methods: To accomplish that, MEDLINE, CENTRAL and Psycnet databases were searched from inception to March 2023.

Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms in Dementia: Scoping Review of Pathological Changes.

To review the literature on the neurobiological mechanisms of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in people with dementia. MEDLINE/PubMed, CENTRAL, and PsycNet databases were searched from inception to March 2023. Original studies of any methodology with newly published data on the neurobiological underpinnings of OCS in patients with dementia, regardless of patient age or comorbidity and publication year, were included.

Unmoving and uninflamed: Characterizing neuroinflammatory dysfunction in the Wistar-Kyoto rat model of depression.

Reductionistic research on depressive disorders has been hampered by the limitations of animal models. Recently, it has been hypothesized that neuroinflammation is a key player in depressive disorders. The Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rat is an often-used animal model of depression, but no information so far exists on its neuroinflammatory profile.

The sphingosine 1-phosphate analogue, FTY720, modulates the lipidomic signature of the mouse hippocampus.

The small-molecule drug, FTY720 (fingolimod), is a synthetic sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) analogue currently used to treat relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis in both adults and children. FTY720 can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and, over time, accumulate in lipid-rich areas of the central nervous system (CNS) by incorporating into phospholipid membranes. FTY720 has been shown to enhance cell membrane fluidity, which can modulate the functions of glial cells and neuronal populations involved in regulating behaviour.

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms in first episode psychosis and risk states: Systematic review with meta-analysis.

Background And Hypothesis: Recent studies have reported high prevalences of obsessive-compulsive symptoms and obsessive-compulsive disorder in at risk and first-episode psychosis patients. This sparked an interest in the effect of these symptoms in the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients. However these studies have never been formally meta-analyzed.

Functional Ingredients and Additives from Lemon by-Products and Their Applications in Food Preservation: A Review.

Citrus trees are among the most abundant fruit trees in the world, with an annual production of around 124 million tonnes. Lemons and limes are among the most significant contributors, producing nearly 16 million tonnes per year. The processing and consumption of citrus fruits generates a significant amount of waste, including peels, pulp, seeds, and pomace, which represents about 50% of the fresh fruit.

Innovative Processing Technologies to Develop a New Segment of Functional Citrus-Based Beverages: Current and Future Trends.

The food industries are interested in developing functional products due to their popularity within nutritional and healthy circles. Functional fruit-based beverages represent one of the fast-growing markets due to the high concentrations of bioactive compounds (BCs), which can be health promoters. Hence, functional beverages based on citrus fruits are a potential way to take advantage of their nutritional and bioactive properties that could attract the interest of consumers.

Predictive Factors for Severe Maternal Morbidity in Brazil: A Case-Control Study.

The maternal mortality or "maternal near miss" ratio in Brazil reflects the socioeconomic indicators as well as the healthcare quality in some areas of this country, pointing out fragile points in the health services. The aim of this study was to estimate the association of diverse variables related to pregnancy and the occurrence of Near Miss in a population of women who were cared in public maternity wards in Brazil. A case-control study was performed.

The use of ultra-high-pressure-liquid-chromatography tandem time-of-flight mass spectrometry as a confirmatory method in drug residue analysis: Application to the determination of antibiotics in piglet liver.

Consumption of food containing antibiotic residues can cause direct toxic effects, such as allergic reactions, or indirect effects, like the possibility to contribute to the development of antimicrobial resistance. It is essential for consumer food safety, as well as for public health, to monitor antibiotics in foods of animal origin intended for human consumption, particularly in piglets, a highly consumed meat in Portugal. Concerning the lack of regulations regarding the validation criteria for the ToF-MS (time-of-flight mass spectrometry) drug residues determination, this study presents an approach for the use of UHPLC (ultra-high-pressure-liquid-chromatography)-ToF-MS not only for screening but also for confirmatory purposes of 45 antibiotics from 7 different classes.

Long-Term Weight Loss and Metabolic Syndrome Remission after Bariatric Surgery: The Effect of Sex, Age, Metabolic Parameters and Surgical Technique - A 4-Year Follow-Up Study.

Introduction: Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for morbid obesity and its metabolic related comorbidities. However, the literature reports inconsistent results regarding weight loss (WL) and the resolution of comorbidities associated with obesity.

Objective: We aim to evaluate long-term differences in WL between different surgical techniques and the impact of each surgical technique on metabolic parameters (type 2 diabetes mellitus [T2DM], dyslipidemia,hypertension, and metabolic syndrome).

Long-term diabetes outcomes after bariatric surgery-managing medication withdrawl.

Background/objectives: Bariatric surgery leads to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remission, but recurrence can ensue afterwards. However, literature provides heterogenous remission/recurrence criteria and there is no consensus on long-term T2DM management after surgery. We aim to assess T2DM remission/recurrence rates using standardized criteria and to identify relapse predictors.

Comparative Effectiveness of Different Bariatric Procedures in Super Morbid Obesity.

Background: Super obesity (BMI ≥ 50 kg/m) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The best procedure to treat super obesity is not completely established. Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of bariatric procedures (adjustable gastric band [AGB], Roux-en-Y gastric bypass [RYGB], sleeve gastrectomy [SG]) in super obesity.

Analyzing the Impact of Bariatric Surgery in Kidney Function: a 2-Year Observational Study.

Background: Obesity is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our aims were: (1) to evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) on kidney function, (2) clarify the factors determining postoperative evolution of glomerular filtration rate (ΔGFR) and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ΔUACR), and (3) access the occurrence of oxalate-mediated renal complications.

Methods: We investigated a cohort of 1448 obese patients who underwent BS.

The Effect of the Bariatric Surgery Type on the Levothyroxine Dose of Morbidly Obese Hypothyroid Patients.

Background: Doubts exist about the effect of different bariatric surgery (BS) types on levothyroxine (Lt4) absorption. We compared Lt4 doses and their variation (ΔLt4) in patients with hypothyroidism that underwent malabsorptive (MS) or restrictive (RS) surgery and studied predictors of Lt4 dose change.

Methods: Retrospective study of morbidly obese hypothyroid patients submitted to BS.

Ex vivo model of epilepsy in organotypic slices-a new tool for drug screening.

Background: Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder worldwide. It is characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate seizures and its development is accompanied by alterations in many cellular processes. Organotypic slice cultures represent a multicellular environment with the potential to assess biological mechanisms, and they are used as a starting point for refining molecules for in vivo studies.

Prolactin-Producing Pituitary Carcinoma, Hypopituitarism, and Graves' Disease-Report of a Challenging Case and Literature Review.

Introduction: The diagnosis of pituitary carcinoma is very rare, requires the evidence of metastatic disease, and has a poor overall survival. Malignant prolactinoma frequently requires dopamine agonist therapy, pituitary surgery, radiotherapy, and even chemotherapy.

Case Description: A 19-year-old female presented with galactorrhea, primary amenorrhea, and left hemianopsia.

Preoperative thyroid function and weight loss after bariatric surgery.

Thyroid function has an important role on body weight regulation. However, the impact of thyroid function on weight loss after bariatric surgery is still largely unknown. We evaluated the association between preoperative thyroid function and the excess weight loss 1 year after surgery, in 641 patients with morbid obesity who underwent bariatric surgery.

Pregnancy after bariatric surgery: Maternal and fetal outcomes of 39 pregnancies and a literature review.

Aim: We aimed to evaluate the impact of bariatric surgery (BS) on maternal and fetal outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, observational study of 39 pregnant women who underwent BS in our institution between 2010 and 2014 was carried out. A sample of women who became pregnant after BS was evaluated, based on data concerning pregnancy, childbirth, and newborns.

Effect of Weight Loss after Bariatric Surgery on Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels in Patients with Morbid Obesity and Normal Thyroid Function.

Background: Several studies have reported that morbid obesity is associated with increased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. However, it is not clear what is the impact of bariatric surgery on postoperative thyroid function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of weight loss after bariatric surgery on TSH levels in euthyroid patients with morbid obesity.

Preoperative Beta Cell Function Is Predictive of Diabetes Remission After Bariatric Surgery.

Background: Bariatric surgery can improve glucose metabolism in obese patients with diabetes, but the factors that can predict diabetes remission are still under discussion. The present study aims to examine the impact of preoperative beta cell function on diabetes remission following surgery.

Materials And Methods: We investigated a cohort of 363 obese diabetic patients who underwent bariatric surgery.