Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma (STIC): A Review of the Literature on the Incidence at the Time of Prophylactic Surgery.

Background: Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC) is an early-stage cancerous lesion found in the fallopian tubes, often at the fimbrial end. It is strongly associated with high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC), a highly aggressive type of ovarian cancer. STIC is considered a precursor to many HGSC cases, originating in the fallopian tubes.

The True Impact of Voiding Dysfunctions after Transobturator Sub-Urethral Tape Procedures: A Systematic Review of Literature.

: Transobturator techniques are frequently used for the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI), due to their high success rates and few intraoperative complications. However, controversial results have been reported in the literature regarding their incidence. The aim of this study is to analyze the real incidence and trend over time of such complications, especially voiding dysfunctions and overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms.

Tailored Treatment Strategies in First Line Therapy for Ovarian Cancer Patients: A Critical Review of the Literature.

Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in women globally, with a five-year survival rate of approximately 49%. Standard therapy involves cytoreductive surgery followed by chemotherapy. Its poor prognosis has driven interest in alternative therapies such as targeted molecular agents like bevacizumab and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi).

The Efficacy of CO Vaginal Laser in the Treatment of Recurrent, Post-Coital and Interstitial Cystitis: A Multicentric Prospective Study.

: This multicentric prospective study was carried out at Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico and Ospedale di Stato of St. Marino Republic. Between 1 January 2019, and 31 December 2022, all pre- and post-menopausal women diagnosed with recurrent, post-coital, and interstitial cystitis at both centers were included in the study.

Intravesical Instillations of Hyaluronic Acid as First-Line Treatment in Patients with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome: Use, Efficacy and Effects on Quality of Life.

The efficacy of hyaluronic acid instillations as therapy for patients with Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS) has been demonstrated in some clinical studies, with response rates up to 70%. The aim of the study is to investigate the change in symptoms and quality of life in female patients with IC/BPS after intravesical instillations of hyaluronic acid used as first-line treatment. A retrospective single-center cohort study was conducted.

Old Issues and New Perspectives on Endometrial Cancer Therapy: How Molecular Characteristics Are Changing the Therapeutic Pathway.

The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has radically changed the history of endometrial cancer by outlining a new classification, based on its molecular characteristics. In the field of oncology, we are approaching the new era of molecular biology, particularly regarding endometrial cancer, with the increasing importance of targeted therapy. This paper is a review of phase III randomized controlled trials published in English between January 2019 and December 2023, comparing drugs of interest with standard adjuvant treatment and molecular subtypes in endometrial cancer.

Targeting BRAF pathway in low-grade serous ovarian cancer.

Mutations in genes encoding for proteins along the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway have been detected in a variety of tumor entities including ovarian carcinomas. In the recent years, several inhibitors of this pathway have been developed, whose antitumor potential is currently being assessed in different clinical trials. Low grade serous ovarian carcinoma, is a rare gynecological tumor which shows favorable overall survival, compared to the general ovarian cancer population, but worrying resistance to conventional chemotherapies.

Use of Sensor Array Analysis to Detect Ovarian Cancer through Breath, Urine, and Blood: A Case-Control Study.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is the eighth most common cancer in women. Since screening programs do not exist, it is often diagnosed in advanced stages. Today, the detection of OC is based on clinical examination, transvaginal ultrasound (US), and serum biomarker (Carbohydrate Antigen 125 (CA 125) and Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4)) dosage, with a sensitivity of 88% and 95%, respectively, and a specificity of 84% for US and 76% for biomarkers.

The Utility of CO Laser Treatment of Pelvic Symptoms in Women with Previous Perineal Trauma during Delivery.

This study aimed to examine the impact of fractional CO laser treatment of pelvic symptoms in women who have undergone perineal trauma from vaginal delivery. It was a retrospective, monocentric analysis that encompassed all women assessed for pelvic discomfort or signs of vulvovaginal atrophy following vaginal delivery between 2013 and 2018. The severity of symptoms was assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on the Diagnostic and Therapeutic Management of Endometrial Cancer: A Monocentric Retrospective Comparative Study.

Endometrial cancer represents an ideal target to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 being the most frequent gynecological malignancy in Italy, generally detected at early stages and correlated with favorable oncological outcomes. The present comparative retrospective study carried out at Campus Bio-medico University Foundation in Rome aims to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of EC. All women with a histological diagnosis of non-endometrioid and endometrioid endometrial cancer between 1 March 2018 and 31 October 2022 were included.

Cardiovascular Effects of Chronic Hormone Therapy: Study on Olympic Female Athletes.

Female physiology is regulated after puberty by the menstrual cycle, whose hormonal fluctuations create a multitude of effects on several systems, including the cardiovascular one. The use of hormone therapy (HT) is quite common in female athletes, and data on cardiovascular effects in this population are lacking. We sought to investigate the effects of HT in highly trained athletes to assess any difference associated with HT on cardiac remodeling, exercise capacity, and clinical correlates.

The efficacy and feasibility of fractional CO2 laser therapy for the treatment of urinary incontinence: a multicentric case-control study.

Background: Female urinary incontinence is a significant public health problem. Conservative treatments require high patient compliance, while surgery often leads to more complications and recovery time. Our aim is to evaluate the efficacy of microablative fractional CO2 laser (CO2-laser) therapy in women with urinary incontinence (UI).

The use of sealing hemostat patch (HEMOPATCH) in laparotomic myomectomy: a prospective case-control study.

Purpose: Uterine myomas are the most common gynecological disease. In these cases, a myomectomy is performed traditionally laparotomically. However, alternatives have been widely used, including laparoscopic, endoscopic, and robotic surgery.

Role of Protopine and Nuciferine in the Management of Nocturia, Urgency, and Dysuria in Pre- and Postmenopausal Women: A Prospective Pilot Study.

Objectives: Nocturia was commonly treated with drugs burdened with high costs and numerous side effects; in fact, more than 70% of patients drop out of long-term treatment. Protopine and nuciferine are two alkaloids that have different effects on the neurotransmitter receptors involved in the regulation mechanism of the onset of urinary stimuli. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy in controlling primarily nocturia and secondarily urgency and dysuria after 3 months of treatment with combination therapy of protopine and nuciferine syrup.

Efficacy of termoablative fractional CO laser (Monnalisa Touch) in stress urinary incontinence.

Purpose: Usually, in stress urinary incontinence (SUI), nonsurgical therapy such as pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) and lifestyle changes are proposed before surgical treatment. Laser therapy has recently been recommended for the treatment of SUI, helping to reconstruct the collagen that supports the vagina and the pelvic floor. The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of SUI treatment with a CO intravaginal laser in patients waiting for anti-incontinence surgery (TVT-O).

C-reactive protein "at first sight": Standard postoperative trend in gynecological surgery and a comparative analysis with white blood cell levels.

Objective: There is a lack of information about the normal trend of C-reactive protein (CRP) blood levels in the postoperative days after gynecological benign surgery. We investigated the impact of different surgical techniques on CRP trend. We performed a comparative analysis between a CRP and white blood cell (WBC) trend in postoperative monitoring.

Evaluating long-term outcomes of three approaches to retroperitoneal staging in endometrial cancer.

Objective: Sentinel lymph node mapping (SNM) has gained popularity in managing apparent early-stage endometrial cancer (EC). Here, we evaluated the long-term survival of three different approaches of nodal assessment.

Methods: This is a multi-institutional retrospective study evaluating long-term outcomes of EC patients having nodal assessment between 01/01/2006 and 12/31/2016.

Early Mini-Invasive Treatment of Persistent Cervical Dysplasia: Clinical Outcome and Psycho-Relational Impact.

Introduction: After the diagnosis of L-SIL, 77. 3% had a persistent infection and anomalous Pap Test results. Many of these patients had highlighted psychological consequences such as anxiety, hypochondria, fear of cancer, and sexual problems.

Factors predicting morbidity in surgically-staged high-risk endometrial cancer patients.

Objective: To investigate factors predicting the risk of developing 90-day postoperative complications and lymphatic-specific morbidity in patients undergoing surgical staging for high-risk endometrial cancer.

Methods: This is a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study. Patients affected by apparent early-stage high-risk endometrial cancer (endometrioid FIGO grade 3 with deep myometrial invasion and non-endometrioid endometrial cancer) undergoing surgical staging between 2007 and 2019.

The beneficial effects of fractional CO laser treatment on perineal changes during puerperium and breastfeeding period: a multicentric study.

Childbirth is a great change in woman life because of hormonal, physical and psychological alterations that are associated with this process. Dyspareunia and perineal pain are commonly reported symptoms in the postpartum period, mainly due to perineal trauma, lacerations, episiotomy, and forceps or vacuum use at delivery. Among non-pharmacological treatment, a new trend is gaining popularity, which is the energy-based therapy, including fractional micro-ablative CO laser.

Tailoring parametrectomy for early cervical cancer (Stage IA-IIA FIGO): a review on surgical, oncologic outcome and sexual function.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is currently one of the most common cancers afflicting the female population worldwide and in industrialized countries the presence of screening and a specific diagnostic and therapeutic process has favored early diagnosis of cervical cancer. In literature have found that reducing the radicality on the parametria in early cervical cancer (ECC), reduces complications without impacting oncological outcomes, but the data in the literature are not yet clear.

Evidence Acquisition: Searching on PubMed, we included 1473 articles from January 1974 to 2020.

Diet and Chemotherapy: The Effects of Fasting and Ketogenic Diet on Cancer Treatment.

Introduction: Diet may influence various aspects of human health. In fact, it is well known that diet can favour or not the development of various human pathologies, like diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolaemia. Interestingly, diet has an influence in cancer development too (e.

From the Infection to the Immunotherapy in Cervical Cancer: Can We Stop the Natural Course of the Disease?

Cervical cancer (CC) is the second leading cause of cancer death in women aged 20-39 years. Persistent infection with oncogenic types of human papillomavirus (HPV) represents the most important risk factor for the development of cervical cancer. Three HPVs vaccines are currently on the global market: bivalent, quadrivalent, and nonavalent.