Gender aspects in cardiopulmonary resuscitation by schoolchildren: A systematic review.

Aim: Bystander CPR-rates are embarrassingly low in some European countries. To increase bystander CPR-rates, many different approaches are used; one of them is training of schoolchildren in CPR. Multiple authors investigated practical and theoretical CPR performance and demonstrated gender differences related to schoolchildren CPR.

Epidermal growth factor receptor expression as prognostic marker in patients with anal carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiation therapy.

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in pretreatment tumor biopsy specimens of patients with anal cancer treated with concurrent 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin C-based chemoradiation therapy (CRT).

Methods And Materials: Immunohistochemical staining for EGFR was performed in pretreatment biopsy specimens of 103 patients with anal carcinoma. EGFR expression was correlated with clinical and histopathologic characteristics and with clinical endpoints, including local failure-free survival (LFFS), colostomy-free survival (CFS), distant metastases-free survival (DMFS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS).

High survivin expression as a risk factor in patients with anal carcinoma treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: To investigate the prognostic value of survivin expression in pretreatment specimens from patients with anal cancer treated with concurrent 5-FU and mitomycin C-based chemoradiation (CRT).

Material And Methods: Immunohistochemical staining for survivin was performed in pretreatment biopsies of 62 patients with anal carcinoma. Survivin expression was correlated with clinical and histopathological characteristics as well as local failure free- (LFFS), distant metastases free- (DMFS), cancer specific- (CSS), and overall survival (OS).

4D chromatin dynamics in cycling cells: Theodor Boveri's hypotheses revisited.

This live cell study of chromatin dynamics in four dimensions (space and time) in cycling human cells provides direct evidence for three hypotheses first proposed by Theodor Boveri in seminal studies of fixed blastomeres from Parascaris equorum embryos: (I) Chromosome territory (CT) arrangements are stably maintained during interphase. (II) Chromosome proximity patterns change profoundly during prometaphase. (III) Similar CT proximity patterns in pairs of daughter nuclei reflect symmetrical chromosomal movements during anaphase and telophase, but differ substantially from the arrangement in mother cell nucleus.

The DEAD-box protein PMH2 is required for efficient group II intron splicing in mitochondria of Arabidopsis thaliana.

In Arabidopsis thaliana the putative mitochondrial RNA helicases PMH1 and PMH2 are members of the large DEAD-box protein family. Our previous characterization of these proteins revealed that PMH1 and/or PMH2 are part of high molecular weight complexes. Now T-DNA insertion lines were established and characterized for each of these genes.

Two DEAD-box proteins may be part of RNA-dependent high-molecular-mass protein complexes in Arabidopsis mitochondria.

Posttranscriptional processes are important for regulation of gene expression in plant mitochondria. DEAD-box proteins, which form a huge protein family with members from all kingdoms, are fundamental components in virtually all types of processes in RNA metabolism. Two members of this protein family, designated PMH1 and PMH2 (for PUTATIVE MITOCHONDRIAL RNA HELICASE), were analyzed and characterized in mitochondria of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana).

Non-rigid registration of 3D multi-channel microscopy images of cell nuclei.

We present an intensity-based non-rigid registration approach for normalizing 3D multi-channel microscopy images of cell nuclei. A main problem with cell nuclei images is that the intensity structure of different nuclei differs very much, thus an intensity-based registration scheme cannot be used directly. Instead, we first perform a segmentation of the images, smooth them by a Gaussian filter, and then apply an intensity-based algorithm.

Preparation of Complex DNA Probe Sets for 3D FISH with up to Six Different Fluorochromes.

INTRODUCTIONDNA probes for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) can be generated and labeled by various methods. This protocol describes the conjugation of dUTPs with haptens or fluorochromes, as well as the generation and labeling of DNA probes using those modified dUTPs. Sources of probe DNA include genomic DNA, DNA from flow-sorted chromosomes, bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs), and cosmids.

Cell Preparation and Multicolor FISH in 3D Preserved Cultured Mammalian Cells.

INTRODUCTIONFluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) on three-dimensional preserved nuclei (3D-FISH) in combination with three-dimensional-microscopy and image reconstruction is an efficient tool to analyze the arrangement of distinct nuclear targets such as entire chromosome territories, chromosomal subregions, or single gene loci on a single-cell level. This protocol focuses on fixation, pretreatments, and 3D-FISH on cultured mammalian cells. It can be applied to a variety of cell types growing adherently or in suspension.