Interferon-Stimulated Genes-Mediators of the Innate Immune Response during Canine Distemper Virus Infection.

The demyelinating canine distemper virus (CDV)-leukoencephalitis represents a translational animal model for multiple sclerosis. The present study investigated the expression of type I interferon (IFN-I) pathway members in CDV-induced cerebellar lesions to gain an insight into their role in lesion development. Gene expression of 110 manually selected genes in acute, subacute and chronic lesions was analyzed using pre-existing microarray data.

A -Variant in a Litter of Shorthaired Standard Dachshunds with X-Linked Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia.

In this study, we present a detailed phenotype description and genetic elucidation of the first case of X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia in the shorthaired standard Dachshund. This condition is characterized by partial congenital hypotrichosis, missing and malformed teeth and a lack of eccrine sweat glands. Clinical signs including dental radiographs and histopathological findings were consistent with ectodermal dysplasia.

Association of Batai Virus Infection and Encephalitis in Harbor Seals, Germany, 2016.

We isolated Batai virus from the brain of a euthanized, 26-year-old, captive harbor seal with meningoencephalomyelitis in Germany. We provide evidence that this orthobunyavirus can naturally infect the central nervous system of a mammal. The full-genome sequence showed differences from a previously reported virus isolate from a mosquito in Germany.

Subcutaneous merocercoids of sp. in two Cape fur seals ().

Fur seals represent intermediate hosts of the cestode . Large sharks are definitive hosts for these parasites. Two female, 25- and 27-year-old fur seals, caught in the 1980s at the South African coast, were examined pathomorphologically.

Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis Infection in a Domestic Rabbit, Germany.

Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis is an opportunistic pathogen present in soil and dust. We report M.

Type I interferons in the pathogenesis and treatment of canine diseases.

Type I interferons (IFNs) such as IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-ε, IFN-κ, and IFN-ω represent cytokines, which are deeply involved in the regulation and activation of innate and adaptive immune responses. They possess strong antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activities allowing their use in the therapy of different viral diseases, neoplasms, and immune-mediated disorders, respectively. Initially, treatment strategies were based on nonspecific inducers of type I IFNs, which were soon replaced by different recombinant proteins.