Novel Levetiracetam Derivatives That Are Effective against the Alzheimer-like Phenotype in Mice: Synthesis, in Vitro, ex Vivo, and in Vivo Efficacy Studies.

We have synthesized a series of heptamethylene-linked levetiracetam-huprine and levetiracetam-(6-chloro)tacrine hybrids to hit amyloid, tau, and cholinergic pathologies as well as β-amyloid (Aβ)-induced epileptiform activity, some of the mechanisms that eventually lead to cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease patients. These hybrids are potent inhibitors of human acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in vitro and moderately potent Aβ42 and tau antiaggregating agents in a simple E. coli model of amyloid aggregation.