Towards Sustainable Antibiotic Use in Aquaculture and Antimicrobial Resistance: Participatory Experts' Overview and Recommendations.

Notably, 56 worldwide experts gathered for the Antimicrobial Assessment on Global Aquaculture Production (AGAP) series of workshops to (1) evaluate the current state of knowledge on antimicrobial use and identify existing gaps; (2) formulate strategies to identify ecologically relevant impact indicators and establish thresholds for assessment; (3) identify pivotal socioeconomic factors and effective governance mechanisms essential for implementing monitoring practices in aquaculture and extending them across sectors and countries for aquaculture sustainability; (4) develop pathways to enhance our comprehension between antibiotic use in aquaculture and antimicrobial resistance; and (5) explore potential antibiotic monitoring tools that can be universally adapted and implemented across region and sectors. The main outcomes were a roadmap for establishing investigation priorities on the relevant topics regarding antibiotic use in aquaculture, socioeconomic drivers for using antibiotics and behaviors that need more robust and transparent regulatory frameworks to guide farmers, training on antimicrobial use, and access to veterinarians and extension services agents for education. Overall, the workshop evidenced the power of collaboration in addressing complex global challenges to achieve sustainable aquaculture.

Seawater transmission and infection dynamics of pilchard orthomyxovirus (POMV) in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).

The Tasmanian salmon industry had remained relatively free of major viral diseases until the emergence of pilchard orthomyxovirus (POMV). Originally isolated from wild pilchards, POMV is of concern to the industry as it can cause high mortality in farmed salmon (Salmo salar). Field observations suggest the virus can spread from pen to pen and between farms, but evidence of passive transmission in sea water was unclear.

Association between diabetes and causes of dementia: Evidence from a clinicopathological study.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for dementia, especially for vascular dementia (VaD), but there is no consensus on diabetes as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other causes of dementia.

Objective: To explore the association between diabetes and the neuropathological etiology of dementia in a large autopsy study.

Methods: Data were collected from the participants of the Brain Bank of the Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group between 2004 and 2015.

Systemic Administration of Antipsychotic Asenapine Pre or Postnatal does not Induce Anxiety-like Behaviors in Mice.

Background And Objective: Asenapine is an atypical antipsychotic approved by US Food and Drug Administration in 2009 and by European Medicines Agency in 2010 for Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder treatment. Currently, many studies have been developed in an attempt to clarify and minimize the risks related to the use of psychotropic during pre/postnatal period on patients with a history of mental disorders.

Conclusion: The aim of this study was to test the impact of pre and/or postnatal exposition to asenapine on mice offspring behavior.

Diabetes is Not Associated with Alzheimer's Disease Neuropathology.

Background: Previous evidence linking diabetes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology is mixed and scant data are available from low- and middle-income countries.

Objective: To investigate the association between diabetes and AD neuropathology in a large autopsy study of older Brazilian adults.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, diabetes was defined by diagnosis during life or use of antidiabetic medication.

Effect of Heteropterys aphrodisiaca on Anxiety and Male Exposure of Female Mice with Advanced Age.

Background: Effect of Heteropterys aphrodisiaca (dog-node) on anxiety and function of adult female wistar mice. The project is an experiment with the use of H. aphrodisiac root extract, in order to observe the frequency of sexual exposure of females exposed to the extract, quantify the effect of the extract on the concentration of total testosterone and observe the anxiety levels of the animals exposed.

Association between adiposity and systemic atherosclerosis: a protocol of a cross-sectional autopsy study.

Introduction: Adiposity has been associated with atherosclerosis in clinical studies. However, few autopsy studies have investigated this association, and they had only examined the coronary artery disease. Moreover, most studies had small sample sizes and were limited to middle-aged or young adults.

Very low levels of education and cognitive reserve: a clinicopathologic study.

Objective: We conducted a clinicopathologic study in a large population with very low levels of education to determine whether very few years of education could contribute to cognitive reserve and modify the relation of neuropathologic indices to dementia.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 675 individuals 50 years of age or older from the Brazilian Aging Brain Study Group. Cognitive abilities were evaluated through a structured interview with an informant at the time of autopsy, including the Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) scale.

Comedonic lupus: a rare presentation of discoid lupus erythematosus.

Chronic cutaneous lupus erythematosus is a polymorphous autoimmune disease which may mimic some other clinical conditions, causing diagnostic difficulties. Acneiform lesions, including comedones and pitting scars are occasionally atypical presentations of cutaneous discoid lupus erythematosus.

A multidisciplinary approach for the diagnosis of hypocalcified amelogenesis imperfecta in two Chilean families.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to conduct a multidisciplinary analysis of a specific type of tooth enamel disturbance (amelogenesis imperfecta) affecting two Chilean families to obtain a precise diagnosis and to investigate possible underlying mutations.

Materials And Methods: Two non-related families affected with amelogenesis imperfecta were evaluated with clinical, radiographic and histopathological methods. Furthermore, pedigrees of both families were constructed and the presence of eight mutations in the enamelin gene (ENAM) and three mutations in the enamelysin gene (MMP-20) were investigated by PCR and direct sequencing.

Metabolic syndrome in coronary artery and occlusive vascular diseases: a systematic review.

Nowadays, the metabolic syndrome (MS) is highly prevalent and is associated with risk factors for non-transmissible chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus, and coronary atherosclerotic disease. The objective of this systematic review is to describe the results of studies that investigated the association of MS with coronary artery disease and occlusive vascular diseases. We conducted a systematic review of data from original studies published between 1999 and 2008, written in English or Portuguese, using the databases Medline, Pubmed, Science Direct and HighWire Press.

Analytical optimal solution of the extension of the depth of field using cubic-phase wavefront coding. Part I. Reduced-complexity approximate representation of the modulation transfer function.

In this paper we derive an approximate analytical representation for the modulation transfer function (MTF) of an imaging system possessing a defocused cubic-phase pupil function. This expression is based on an approximation using the Arctan function and significantly reduces the computational time required to calculate the resulting MTF. We derive rigorous bounds on the minimum and average accuracy of our approximation.

Reduced-complexity representation of the coherent point-spread function in the presence of aberrations and arbitrarily large defocus.

We introduce a method to analyze the diffraction integral for evaluating the point-spread function. Our method is based on the use of higher-order Airy functions along with Zernike and Taylor expansions. Our approach is applicable when we are considering a finite, arbitrary number of aberrations and arbitrarily large defocus simultaneously.