Closed-loop auditory stimulation of slow-wave sleep in chronic insomnia: a pilot study.

Insomnia is a prevalent and disabling condition whose treatment is not always effective. This pilot study explores the feasibility and effects of closed-loop auditory stimulation (CLAS) as a potential non-invasive intervention to improve sleep, its subjective quality, and memory consolidation in patients with insomnia. A total of 27 patients with chronic insomnia underwent a crossover, sham-controlled study with 2 nights of either CLAS or sham stimulation.

Psilocybin intoxication did not affect daytime or sleep-related declarative memory consolidation in a small sample exploratory analysis.

Psilocybin is investigated as a fast-acting antidepressant used in conjunction with psychotherapy. Intact cognitive functions, including memory, are one of the basic conditions of effective psychedelic-assisted therapy. While cognitive and memory processing is attenuated on various domains during psilocybin intoxication, the effect of psilocybin on the consolidation of memories learned outside of acute intoxication is not known.

Reliability and Validity of the Czech Version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in Patients with Sleep Disorders and Healthy Controls.

Objectives: Psychometric properties of the Czech version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI-CZ) have been evaluated only in patients with chronic insomnia, and thus, it is unclear whether PSQI-CZ is suitable for use in other clinical and nonclinical populations. This study was aimed at examining the validity and reliability of the PSQI-CZ and at assessing whether the unidimensional or multidimensional scoring of the instrument would be recommended.

Methods: A total of 524 adult subjects from the Czech population participated in the study.

Real-Time Excitation of Slow Oscillations during Deep Sleep Using Acoustic Stimulation.

Slow-wave synchronous acoustic stimulation is a promising research and therapeutic tool. It is essential to clearly understand the principles of the synchronization methods, to know their performances and limitations, and, most importantly, to have a clear picture of the effect of stimulation on slow-wave activity (SWA). This paper covers the mentioned and currently missing parts of knowledge that are essential for the appropriate development of the method itself and future applications.

Objective rapid eye movement sleep characteristics of recurrent isolated sleep paralysis: a case-control study.

Study Objectives: Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis (RISP) is a rapid eye movement (REM) parasomnia characterized by a dissociative state with characteristics of REM sleep and wakefulness. Pathophysiology has not yet been clarified and very little research has been performed using objective polysomnographic measures with inconsistent results. The main aim of our study was to find whether higher REM sleep fragmentation is consistent with the theory of state dissociation or whether signs of dissociation can be detected by spectral analysis.

Modulating Inhibitory Control Processes Using Individualized High Definition Theta Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation (HD θ-tACS) of the Anterior Cingulate and Medial Prefrontal Cortex.

Increased frontal midline theta activity generated by the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is induced by conflict processing in the medial frontal cortex (MFC). There is evidence that theta band transcranial alternating current stimulation (θ-tACS) modulates ACC function and alters inhibitory control performance during neuromodulation. Multi-electric (256 electrodes) high definition θ-tACS (HD θ-tACS) using computational modeling based on individual MRI allows precise neuromodulation targeting of the ACC via the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and optimizes the required current density with a minimum impact on the rest of the brain.

The Effects of Daytime Psilocybin Administration on Sleep: Implications for Antidepressant Action.

Serotonergic agonist psilocybin is a psychedelic with antidepressant potential. Sleep may interact with psilocybin's antidepressant properties like other antidepressant drugs via induction of neuroplasticity. The main aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of psilocybin on sleep architecture on the night after psilocybin administration.

An Unsupervised Multichannel Artifact Detection Method for Sleep EEG Based on Riemannian Geometry.

In biomedical signal processing, we often face the problem of artifacts that distort the original signals. This concerns also sleep recordings, such as EEG. Artifacts may severely affect or even make impossible visual inspection, as well as automatic processing.

No wink of sleep: Population sleep characteristics in response to the brexit poll and the 2016 U.S. presidential election.

Personal well-being, including people's sleep characteristics, is affected by a variety of factors, one example of which is wide-ranging high-impact public events. In this study, we use a large sleep database obtained through a smartphone application for sleep tracking via anonymized time-sampled data to study the effect of two political events with a wide-ranging impact on people's sleep characteristics: the Brexit referendum in June 2016, and the presidential election of Donald Trump in November 2016 METHOD: Using Sleep as Android - an actigraphy-based sleep monitoring smartphone application - we collected 10.5 million geo-located sleep records from more than 69,000 users in Europe and North America.

Circadian rhythms of melatonin and peripheral clock gene expression in idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder.

Objective: To evaluate changes in the expression of clock genes and melatonin levels in patients with idiopathic REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD) as a potential early stage of synucleinopathies.

Methods: We assessed the rhythmicity of circadian clock genes using real time-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and 24-h blood melatonin profiles using radio-immunoassay in 10 RBD patients and nine age-matched controls.

Results: The RBD patients did not show circadian rhythmicity for clock genes Per2, Bmal1, and Nr1d1 but the rhythmicity of Per 1 remained, and the amplitude of Per3 was diminished.

Structural and construct validity of the Czech version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in chronic insomnia.

Objectives: The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is one of the widely used and recommended measures of assessing sleep quality in chronic insomnia; however certain psychometric properties of the questionnaire are still unknown in this group of patients. The present study aimed to examine the internal consistency, and structural and convergent validity of the Czech version of the PSQI in chronic insomnia patients. The usefulness of the standard and alternative scoring systems was also investigated in relation to symptoms of sleepiness, insomnia, depression, and anxiety.