Cardiac Reverse Remodeling in Ischemic Heart Disease with Novel Therapies for Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Despite the improvements in the treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) and acute myocardial infarction (MI) over the past 20 years, ischemic heart disease (IHD) continues to be the most common cause of heart failure (HF). In clinical trials, over 70% of patients diagnosed with HF had IHD as the underlying cause. Furthermore, IHD predicts a worse outcome for patients with HF, leading to a substantial increase in late morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.

Ischemia with Nonobstructive Coronary Artery Disease and Atrial Cardiomyopathy-Two Sides of the Same Story?

Ischemia with nonobstructive coronary artery disease (INOCA) is increasingly recognized as a significant cause of angina, myocardial remodeling, and eventually heart failure (HF). Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is a major endotype of INOCA, and it is caused by structural and functional alterations of the coronary microcirculation. At the same time, atrial cardiomyopathy (ACM) defined by structural, functional, and electrical atrial remodeling has a major clinical impact due to its manifestations: atrial fibrillation (AF), atrial thrombosis, stroke, and HF symptoms.

Native and Prosthetic Simultaneously Double Valve Infective Endocarditis with -Case-Based Review.

Infective endocarditis is a severe infective heart disease, commonly involving native or prosthetic valves. It frequently presents with univalvular involvement and simultaneous double valve or multivalvular involvement is rarely described. The third leading cause of infective endocarditis worldwide is , which is associated with high mortality rates despite important advances in antimicrobial therapy.

Role of Diphosphonates Bone Scintigraphy in Correlation with Biomarkers for a Personalized Approach to ATTR Cardiac Amyloidosis in North-Eastern Romania.

Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR) is a rare cardiac protein deposition disease characterized by progressive thickening of both ventricles, the inter-atrial-ventricular septum and the atrioventricular valves. The gold standard method for diagnosing this rare pathology is endomyocardial biopsy. If this method cannot be used, the alternative is a mixture of clinical and paraclinical tests.

Left Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction: From Physiopathology to Treatment.

Myocardial infarction (MI) is the leading cause of death and morbidity worldwide, with an incidence relatively high in developed countries and rapidly growing in developing countries. The most common cause of MI is the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque with subsequent thrombotic occlusion in the coronary circulation. This causes cardiomyocyte death and myocardial necrosis, with subsequent inflammation and fibrosis.

Transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis: a review of the nuclear imaging findings with emphasis on the radiotracers mechanisms.

Cardiac amyloidosis is a protein deposition disease characterized by the infiltration of the myocardium and coronary arteries resulting in a progressive thickening of both ventricles, interatrial septum and atrioventricular valves, eventually leading to organ failure. It is a disease hard to diagnose, due to the lack of diagnostic investigations. However, development of new and more accurate examinations is undergoing.

A Rare Entity-Percutaneous Lead Extraction in a Very Late Onset Pacemaker Endocarditis: Case Report and Review of Literature.

The number of infections related to cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) has increased as the number of devices implanted around the world has grown exponentially in recent years. CIED complications can sometimes be difficult to diagnose and manage, as in the case of lead-related infective endocarditis. We present the case of a 48-year-old male diagnosed with Staphylococcus aureus device-related infective endocarditis, 12 years after the implant of a single chamber pacemaker.

Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava with Absent Right Superior Vena Cava and Discrete Subaortic Stenosis Diagnosed in a Patient with Sick Sinus Syndrome: A Case Report and Brief Review of the Literature.

A persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC) is the most frequent anomaly of the venous drainage system. While both a right and left superior vena cava (SVC) are usually present, a unique, left-sided SVC, also known as an isolated PLSVC, accounts for only 10-20% of cases. It is frequently associated with arrhythmias and other congenital cardiac anomalies.

The role of echocardiography and 99mTc-HDP scintigraphy in non-invasive diagnosis of cardiac amyloidosis: A case series and literature review.

Rationale: Cardiac amyloidosis, considered for the last years to be a rare disease, is one of the determinants of HFpEF. The non-specific clinical presentation and the difficulties related to endomyocardial biopsy have made cardiac amyloidosis an underdiagnosed clinical entity. Improvement of non-invasive diagnostic techniques and the development of new therapies increased clinical awareness for this form of restrictive cardiomyopathy.

[Arrhythmogenic effects of alcohol].

Unlabelled: Acute or chronic excessive consumption of alcohol can cause cardiac arrhythmias, particularly supraventricular tachyarrhythmias. Experimental and clinical data show that chronic excessive alcohol ingestion has a destructive role on cardiac tissue, which significantly deteriorates the rhythm and contractile activity, manifested by the appearance of cardiac arrythmias and dilated cardiomyopathy.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate and analyze the ECG changes and disturbances of cardiac rhythm and conduction in patients after an acute or chronic excessive consumption of alcohol.

[Sudden death and ventricular arrhythmias risk stratification after myocardial infarction].

Fifty percent of deaths associated with acute myocardial infarction are attributable to ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. Lethal ventricular arrhythmias are caused by an interplay between three basic components: substrate (such as presence of potential reentry circuits within the infarct area), trigger (such as premature ventricular contractions), and modulating factors (such as ischemia, dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system and impaired left ventricular function). Noninvasive techniques, including baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate variability, heart rate turbulence, QT dispersion, T-wave alternant, Signal-Averaged Electrocardiography, exercise testing and ejection fraction can be useful for predicting the patients at risk for sudden death.