Use of mild cognitive impairment and prodromal AD/MCI due to AD in clinical care: a European survey.

Introduction: The diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) refers to cognitive impairment not meeting dementia criteria. A survey among members of the American Association of Neurology (AAN) showed that MCI was considered a useful diagnosis. Recently, research criteria have been proposed for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in MCI based on AD biomarkers (prodromal AD/MCI due to AD).

The effect of diagnostic criteria on outcome measures in preclinical and prodromal Alzheimer's disease: Implications for trial design.

Introduction: We investigated the influence of different inclusion criteria for preclinical and prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD) on changes in biomarkers and cognitive markers and on trial sample size estimates.

Methods: We selected 522 cognitively normal subjects and 872 subjects with mild cognitive impairment from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative study. Compared inclusion criteria were (1) preclinical or prodromal AD (amyloid marker abnormal); (2) preclinical or prodromal AD stage-1 (amyloid marker abnormal, injury marker normal); and (3) preclinical or prodromal AD stage-2 (amyloid and injury markers abnormal).

Low normal cerebrospinal fluid Aβ42 levels predict clinical progression in nondemented subjects.

We studied whether continuous lower normal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid β1-42 (≥640pg/ml) levels were related with rate of clinical progression in a sample of 393 nondemented memory clinic patients. Lower normal levels were associated with faster clinical progression, and this depended on baseline cognitive status (subjective cognitive decline: hazard ratio [HR] = 0.57, p < 0.

Unbiased estimates of cerebrospinal fluid β-amyloid 1-42 cutoffs in a large memory clinic population.

Background: We sought to define a cutoff for β-amyloid 1-42 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), a key marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD), with data-driven Gaussian mixture modeling in a memory clinic population.

Methods: We performed a combined cross-sectional and prospective cohort study. We selected 2462 subjects with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, AD-type dementia, and dementia other than AD from the Amsterdam Dementia Cohort.

Temporal evolution of biomarkers and cognitive markers in the asymptomatic, MCI, and dementia stage of Alzheimer's disease.

Background: We investigated the pattern of disease progression in the asymptomatic, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia stage of Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Methods: We selected 284 subjects with AD pathology, defined as abnormal levels of amyloid beta 1-42 (Aβ1-42) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Disease outcome measures included six biomarkers and five cognitive markers.