Pectoralis Major Muscle 3D Volumetric Reconstruction in the Tuberous Breast: Anatomical and Radiomics Differences With Potential Surgical Impact.

Background: Tuberous breast (TB) is a congenital anomaly characterised by morphological, structural and breast region alterations. The pectoralis major muscle (PMM) is crucial for correction when using breast implants, alterations at this level have received little attention in the literature.

Objectives: This study aims to define the anatomical characteristics of the PMM in TB patients using radiomic data extracted from MRI sequences.

Follow-up of early breast cancer in a public health system: A 2024 AIGOM consensus project.

Breast cancer stands as the most frequently diagnosed cancer and the primary cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, including Italy. With the increasing number of survivors, many are enrolled in regular follow-up programs. However, adherence to recommendations from scientific societies (such as ASCO, ESMO, AIOM) for breast cancer follow-up management varies in daily clinical practice across different cancer centers, potentially resulting in unequal management and escalating costs.

Role of ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsy in the management of radiologic-pathologic discordance: a retrospective single-centre study.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of US-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (US-VAB) in radiologic-pathologic (rad-path) discordance in women with suspicious breast lesions.

Methods: Two thousand three hundred and sixty patients with 2385 BI-RADS category 4 and 5 lesions underwent percutaneous US-guided CNB. Thirty-six lesions were classified as discordant benign and underwent second-line US-VAB.

A multicentric, single arm, prospective, stratified clinical investigation to evaluate MammoWave's ability in breast lesions detection.

Microwave imaging is a safe and promising new technology in breast radiology, avoiding discomfort of breast compression and usage of ionizing radiation. This paper presents the first prospective microwave breast imaging study during which both symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects were recruited. Specifically, a prospective multicentre international clinical trial was performed in 2020-2021, to investigate the capability of a microwave imaging device (MammoWave) in allowing distinction between breasts with no radiological finding (NF) and breasts with radiological findings (WF), i.

Pathologic response and residual tumor cellularity after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy predict prognosis in breast cancer patients.

Introduction: Residual tumor cellularity (RTC) and pathologic complete response (pCR) after neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) are prognostic factors associated with improved outcomes in breast cancer (BC). However, the majority of patients achieve partial pathologic response (pPR) and no clear correlation between RTC patterns and outcomes was described. Our aims were to define predictive factors for pCR and compare different outcomes of patients with pCR or pPR and with different RTC patterns.

Loco-Regional Treatment of the Primary Tumor in De Novo Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Front-Line Chemotherapy.

Background: Loco-regional therapy (LRT) in de novo metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has been investigated in several clinical trials, with heterogeneous and conflicting results.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study of de novo MBC patients treated with front-line chemotherapy (FLC) followed by LRT of the primary tumor. Our aims were to evaluate the characteristics, treatment, and oncological outcomes in terms of progression-free survival (PFS), distant progression-free survival (DPFS), and overall survival (OS) of de novo MBC.

Contrast-Enhanced Mammography versus Breast Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) and contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) are commonly used in the screening of breast cancer. The present systematic review aimed to summarize, critically analyse, and meta-analyse the available evidence regarding the role of CE-MRI and CEM in the early detection, diagnosis, and preoperative assessment of breast cancer.

Methods: The search was performed on PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science on 28 July 2021 using the following terms "breast cancer", "preoperative staging", "contrast-enhanced mammography", "contrast-enhanced spectral mammography", "contrast enhanced digital mammography", "contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging" "CEM", "CESM", "CEDM", and "CE-MRI".

Contrast-Enhanced Mammography Versus MRI in the Evaluation of Neoadjuvant Therapy Response in Patients With Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study.

Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is rapidly expanding as a credible alternative to MRI in various clinical settings. The purpose of this study was to compare CEM and MRI for neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) response assessment in patients with breast cancer. This prospective study included 51 patients (mean age, 46 ± 11 [SD] years) with biopsy-proven breast cancer who were candidates for NAT from May 2015 to April 2018.

An individual participant data meta-analysis of breast cancer detection and recall rates for digital breast tomosynthesis versus digital mammography population screening.

Background: Although digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) improves breast cancer screen-detection compared to digital mammography (DM), there is less evidence on comparative screening outcomes by age and breast density, and inconsistent evidence on its effect on recall rate.

Method: We performed an individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis from DBT screening studies (identified to November, 30 2019) that contributed to the study protocol. We estimated and compared cancer detection rate (CDR), recall rate, and positive predictive value (PPV) for recall for DBT and DM screening.

Effects of supplementation with kombucha and green banana flour on Wistar rats fed with a cafeteria diet.

Introduction: With the increase of chronic diseases as a consequence of the population's eating habits, there is also a growing interest in foods rich in bioactive compounds capable of mitigating these diseases. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of supplementation with kombucha and green banana flour (GBF) on Wistar rats fed with cafeteria diet (CAF).

Methods: The animals were randomized into five groups of seven animals each, which were fed with the following diets: Treatment 1 (T1): Control treatment/commercial feed; Treatment 2 (T2): cafeteria diet (CAF); Treatment 3 (T3): CAF + kombucha; Treatment 4 (T4): CAF + green banana flour (GBF); Treatment 5 (T5): CAF + GBF + kombucha.

Interval breast cancer rates for digital breast tomosynthesis versus digital mammography population screening: An meta-analysis.

Background: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) improves breast cancer (BC) detection compared to mammography, however, it is unknown whether this reduces (ICR) at follow-up.

Methods: Using (IPD) from DBT screening studies (identified via periodic literature searches July 2016 to November 2019) we performed an IPD meta-analysis. We estimated ICR for DBT-screened participants and the difference in pooled ICR for DBT and mammography-only screening, and compared interval BC characteristics.

Meta-analysis of prospective studies evaluating breast cancer detection and interval cancer rates for digital breast tomosynthesis versus mammography population screening.

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) screening using digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) has been shown to increase cancer detection compared with mammography; however, it is unknown whether DBT impacts interval cancer rate (ICR).

Methods: We systematically identified prospective DBT studies reporting data on screen-detected and interval BCs to perform a study-level meta-analysis of the comparative effect of DBT on ICR in population screening. Meta-analysis of cancer detection rate (CDR), ICR, and the differences between DBT and mammography in CDR and ICR pooled estimates, included random-effects.

Breast imaging and cancer diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic: recommendations from the Italian College of Breast Radiologists by SIRM.

The Italian College of Breast Radiologists by the Italian Society of Medical Radiology (SIRM) provides recommendations for breast care provision and procedural prioritization during COVID-19 pandemic, being aware that medical decisions must be currently taken balancing patient's individual and community safety: (1) patients having a scheduled or to-be-scheduled appointment for in-depth diagnostic breast imaging or needle biopsy should confirm the appointment or obtain a new one; (2) patients who have suspicious symptoms of breast cancer (in particular: new onset palpable nodule; skin or nipple retraction; orange peel skin; unilateral secretion from the nipple) should request non-deferrable tests at radiology services; (3) asymptomatic women performing annual mammographic follow-up after breast cancer treatment should preferably schedule the appointment within 1 year and 3 months from the previous check, compatibly with the local organizational conditions; (4) asymptomatic women who have not responded to the invitation for screening mammography after the onset of the pandemic or have been informed of the suspension of the screening activity should schedule the check preferably within 3 months from the date of the not performed check, compatibly with local organizational conditions. The Italian College of Breast Radiologists by SIRM recommends precautions to protect both patients and healthcare workers (radiologists, radiographers, nurses, and reception staff) from infection or disease spread on the occasion of breast imaging procedures, particularly mammography, breast ultrasound, breast magnetic resonance imaging, and breast intervention procedures.

Interference of lipemia in samples for routine coagulation testing using a Sysmex CS-5100 coagulometer.

Introduction: Lipemia in samples can cause analytical errors in coagulation tests using photometric assays. To define the level of this interference, some studies assessed lipemic interferences by in vitro 'spiking' of different types of lipids obtaining interesting information, but spiked samples do not represent a real-world situation as natively lipemic samples do.

Methods: A total of 101 samples flagged as 'lipemic' by a Sysmex CS-5100 coagulometer were analyzed for PT, aPTT, fibrinogen Clauss assay, antithrombin activity, D-dimer concentration, before and after a double high-speed centrifugation procedure to reduce lipemic interference.

Agreement between digital breast tomosynthesis and pathologic tumour size for staging breast cancer, and comparison with standard mammography.

Purpose: Tomosynthesis is proposed to improve breast cancer assessment and staging. We compared tomosynthesis and mammography in estimating the size of newly-diagnosed breast cancers.

Methods: All pathologically-confirmed cancers detected in the STORM-2 trial (90 cancers, 85 women) were retrospectively measured on tomosynthesis by two independent readers.

Effect of integrating digital breast tomosynthesis (3D-mammography) with acquired or synthetic 2D-mammography on radiologists' true-positive and false-positive detection in a population screening trial: A descriptive study.

Background: We previously reported the Screening with tomosynthesis or standard mammography-2 (STORM-2) trial, showing that tomosynthesis (3D-mammography) screening detected more cancers than 2D-mammography in double-reading practice. In this study, we report reader-specific detection measures for radiologists who performed the screen-reading in this trial.

Methods: This is a sub-study of the STORM-2 trial which prospectively integrated 3D-mammography with acquired or synthetized 2D-mammograms in parallel double-reading arms.

Systematic review of agreement between tomosynthesis and pathologic tumor size for newly diagnosed breast cancer and comparison with other imaging tests.

Introduction: Tomosynthesis is proposed to improve breast cancer assessment and staging as a complementary role to its detection capability. We examine the accuracy of tomosynthesis in measuring tumor size relative to pathology and compared with other tests.

Areas Covered: A systematic literature search identified studies of tomosynthesis in estimating the size of newly diagnosed breast cancers.

What information on measurement uncertainty should be communicated to clinicians, and how?

The communication of laboratory results to physicians and the quality of reports represent fundamental requirements of the post-analytical phase in order to assure the right interpretation and utilization of laboratory information. Accordingly, the International Standard for clinical laboratories accreditation (ISO 15189) requires that "laboratory reports shall include the information necessary for the interpretation of the examination results". Measurement uncertainty (MU) is an inherent property of any quantitative measurement result which express the lack of knowledge of the true value and quantify the uncertainty of a result, incorporating the factors known to influence it.

Interval breast cancers in the 'screening with tomosynthesis or standard mammography' (STORM) population-based trial.

Background & Methods: The prospective 'screening with tomosynthesis or standard mammography' (STORM) trial recruited women participating in biennial breast screening in Italy (2011-2012), and compared sequential screen-readings based on 2D-mammography alone or based on tomosynthesis (integrated 2D/3D-mammography). The STORM trial showed that tomosynthesis screen-reading significantly increased breast cancer detection compared to 2D-mammography alone. The present study completes reporting of the trial by examining interval breast cancers ascertained at two year follow-up.

Breast arterial calcifications on mammography: intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of a semi-automatic quantification tool.

Purpose: A strong association between breast arterial calcifications (BAC) and cardiovascular disease has been demonstrated. However, BAC quantification tools are lacking. We evaluated the intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of a semi-automatic tool for BAC quantification on digital mammograms.