Extended reality platform for minimally invasive endoscopic evacuation of deep-seated intracerebral hemorrhage: illustrative case.

Background: Extended reality (XR) offers an interactive visualization platform that combines virtual reality (VR) for preoperative planning and augmented reality (AR) for intraoperative navigation overlay.

Observations: XR was used for treating a case of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) requiring neurosurgical intervention to decompress a hemorrhage in the subcortical area involving the thalamus that was starting to compress the midbrain. The selected surgical technique was an endoscopic aspiration combined with neurosurgical navigation.

Preoperative planning using virtual reality for percutaneous transseptal valve-in-valve transcatheter mitral valve replacement: a case report.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) technology has been implemented as a pre-procedural planning tool for cardiovascular interventions to enable detailed evaluation of patient anatomy from different vantage points. Here, we employed a VR platform to preoperatively plan for percutaneous valve-in-valve transcatheter mitral replacement (ViV-TMVR) in a prohibitive surgical candidate.

Case Summary: An 85-year-old male with a history of two prior sternotomies for bioprosthetic aortic valve (AV) and mitral valve (MV) 31 mm Medtronic Mosaic bioprosthesis presented with severe mitral regurgitation from a degenerative bioprosthetic MV.

Augmented Reality Neuronavigation for En Bloc Resection of Spinal Column Lesions.

Background: Primary tumors involving the spine are relatively rare but represent surgically challenging procedures with high patient morbidity. En bloc resection of these tumors necessitates large exposures, wide tumor margins, and poses risks to functionally relevant anatomical structures. Augmented reality neuronavigation (ARNV) represents a paradigm shift in neuronavigation, allowing on-demand visualization of 3D navigation data in real-time directly in line with the operative field.

Single-stage cranioplasty with customized polyetheretherketone implant after tumor resection using virtual reality and augmented reality for precise implant customization and placement: illustrative case.

Background: Cranioplasties are routinely performed to restore cosmesis and to protect intracranial contents after trauma, resection of tumors, or other pathologies. Traditionally done as a second-stage procedure, new single-stage cranioplasty protocols have been developed to minimize recovery periods, decrease complications, and improve patient satisfaction. These protocols, however, still require the use of larger than planned implants or use larger than ideal incisions to accommodate three-dimensional (3D) templates, which may not be optimal in regions with complex bony anatomy.

Microsurgical clipping of middle cerebral artery aneurysms: preoperative planning using virtual reality to reduce procedure time.

Objective: The authors sought to evaluate the impact of virtual reality (VR) applications for preoperative planning and rehearsal on the total procedure time of microsurgical clipping of middle cerebral artery (MCA) ruptured and unruptured aneurysms compared with standard surgical planning.

Methods: A retrospective review of 21 patients from 2016 to 2019 was conducted to determine the impact on the procedure time of MCA aneurysm clipping after implementing VR for preoperative planning and rehearsal. The control group consisted of patients whose procedures were planned with standard CTA and DSA scans (n = 11).