Role of kinin receptors in skin pigmentation.

Previous studies have shown that all kinin system is constitutively expressed in the normal and inflamed skin, with a potential role in both physiological and pathological processes. However, the understanding regarding the involvement of the kinin system in skin pigmentation and pigmentation disorders remains incomplete. In this context, the present study was designed to determine the role of kinins in the Monobenzone (MBZ)-induced vitiligo-like model.

Anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of the application of baclofen cream, a GABA receptor agonist, on skin inflammation in mice.

Previous studies have demonstrated the role of γ-aminobutyric acid type B (GABA) receptors in skin-related conditions and pain. However, most studies have focused on the main effects of GABA on the central nervous system. Therefore, this study has aimed to determine the potential topical anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects of baclofen cream in an inflammatory skin disease model.

miRNA-203b-3p Induces Acute and Chronic Pruritus through 5-HTR2B and TRPV4.

Growing evidence indicates that transient receptor potential (TRP) channels contribute to different forms of pruritus. However, the endogenous mediators that cause itch through transient receptor potential channels signaling are poorly understood. In this study, we show that genetic deletion or pharmacological antagonism of TRPV4 attenuated itch in a mouse model of psoriasis induced by topical application of imiquimod.

Role of nitric oxide, bradykinin B receptor, and TRPV1 in the airway alterations caused by simvastatin in rats.

Dry cough has been reported in patients receiving statin therapy. However, the underlying mechanism or other possible alterations in the airways induced by statins remain unknown. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate whether simvastatin promotes alterations in airways, such as bronchoconstriction and plasma extravasation, as well as the mechanism involved in these events.

Hspa8 and ICAM-1 as damage-induced mediators of γδ T cell activation.

Tissue-resident γδ T cells form the first line of defense at barrier surfaces where they survey host tissue for signs of stress or damage. Following recognition of injury, γδ T cells play a crucial role in the wound-healing response through the production of growth factors and cytokines that promote proliferation in surrounding epithelial cells. To initiate this response, γδ T cells require interactions with a variety of epithelial-expressed costimulatory molecules in addition to primary signaling through their TCR.

Neuronal and non-neuronal transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 mediates UVB radiation-induced skin inflammation in mice.

Aims: Neuronal and non-neuronal TRPA1 channel plays an active role in the pathogenesis of several skin inflammatory diseases. Although a recent study identified the TRPA1 channel activation upon UVB exposure, its role in inflammatory, oxidative, and proliferative processes underlying UVB radiation-induced sunburn was not yet fully understood. We evaluated the TRPA1 channel contribution in inflammatory, oxidative, and proliferative states on skin inflammation induced by UVB radiation in mice.

B and B kinin receptor blockade improves psoriasis-like disease.

Background And Purpose: The entire kallikrein-kinin system is present in the skin, and it is thought to exert a relevant role in cutaneous diseases, including psoriasis. The present study was designed to evaluate the relevance of kinin receptors in the development and progression of a model of psoriasis in mice.

Experimental Approach: The effects of kinin B and B receptor knockout and of kinin receptor antagonists (SSR240612C or FR173657) were assessed in a model of psoriasis induced by imiquimod in C57BL/6 mice.

Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae) essential oil displays anti-inflammatory activity in models of skin inflammation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Baccharis dracunculifolia (Asteraceae) is a commonly used plant in traditional medicine known as "alecrim-do-campo". Popularly it has been used as an immunostimulant, antibiotic, anti-inflammatory among other applications. So far, only a few studies have investigated the B.

Expanding the anti-inflammatory potential of Moringa oleifera: topical effect of seed oil on skin inflammation and hyperproliferation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Popularly used in India and sub-Hymalaian region, Moringa oleifera (Moringaceae) is associated with healing properties demonstrated in its use as treatment of acute and chronic skin diseases. Our study aimed at investigating the effects of M. oleifera seed oil (MOSO) in animal models for inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin conditions.

Preclinical study of the topical anti-inflammatory activity of Cyperus rotundus L. extract (Cyperaceae) in models of skin inflammation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cyperus rotundus L. (Cyperaceae) is considered one of the most widely distributed plant species in the world, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. In addition, it is commonly used in India, China and Japan in traditional medicine to treat different diseases, including dermatitis and other skin disorders.

Corticoid-like anti-inflammatory effect of Vochysia bifalcata Warm.: Preclinical evidence of efficacy and safety.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Vochysia bifalcata is a Brazilian native tree commonly used for economic purpose in the reforestation and in the manufacture of products. However, the potential usage of other parts of the plant is usually wasted. Besides, other species of Vochysia are well known for its anti-inflammatory action.

Tabernaemontana catharinensis leaves exhibit topical anti-inflammatory activity without causing toxicity.

Background: Tabernaemontana catharinensis, popularly known as snake skin, has been empirically used as an anti-inflammatory to treat cutaneous skin disorders. However, no study proves its effectiveness as a topical anti-inflammatory.

Study Design: We investigated the topical anti-inflammatory effect of T.

Tabernaemontana catharinensis leaves effectively reduce the irritant contact dermatitis by glucocorticoid receptor-dependent pathway in mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Tabernaemontana catharinensis, popularly known as snakeskin, is used in traditional medicine to treat skin inflammatory disorders. To confirm the topical anti-inflammatory effect of T. catharinensis leaves, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of crude extract (TcE) and its different fractions on irritant contact dermatitis model in mice and verified its anti-inflammatory action mechanism.

Aliskiren: Preclinical evidence for the treatment of hyperproliferative skin disorders.

Psoriasis is a complex inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin disease. The pathogenesis and mechanisms involved are not completely understood, which makes treatment a difficult issue. Angiotensin II, the most active peptide of the renin-angiotensin system, seems to be involved in processes related to psoriasis pathogenesis, such as inflammation and cell proliferation.

Pre-clinical efficacy assessment of Malva sylvestris on chronic skin inflammation.

In the search for improved quality of life, the treatment of skin diseases like psoriasis (hyperproliferative disease) is valid, since it causes huge social discomfort to the patient. In this context, earlier studies showed that Malva sylvestris L. has anti-inflammatory activity demonstrated by acute animal models of skin inflammation, becoming a promising target for further studies.

Involvement of the TRPV1 receptor in plasma extravasation in airways of rats treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are widely used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure and renal disease, and are considered relatively safe and generally well-tolerated drugs. However, adverse effects of ACEIs have been reported, including non-productive cough and angioedema, which can lead to poor adherence to therapy. The mechanisms by which ACEIs promote adverse effects are not fully elucidated, although increased bradykinin plasma levels following ACEI therapy seem to play an important role.

Kinin receptors in skin wound healing.

Background: Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process that includes 3 different phases: inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Kinins are vasoactive peptides released after tissue injury, and are directly involved in the development and maintenance of inflammatory processes, and their actions are mediated by the activation of receptors called B1 and B2.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the involvement of kinin receptors in the skin healing process.

Quantitative genotoxicity assays for analysis of medicinal plants: A systematic review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Medicinal plants are known to contain numerous biologically active compounds, and although they have proven pharmacological properties, they can cause harm, including DNA damage.

Aim Of The Study: Review the literature to evaluate the genotoxicity risk of medicinal plants, explore the genotoxicity assays most used and compare these to the current legal requirements.

Material And Methods: A quantitative systematic review of the literature, using the keywords "medicinal plants", "genotoxicity" and "mutagenicity", was undertakenQ to identify the types of assays most used to assess genotoxicity, and to evaluate the genotoxicity potential of medicinal plant extracts.

Inhibitory effect of GB-2a (I3-naringenin-II8-eriodictyol) on melanogenesis.

Ethnopharmacology Relevance: GB-2a is a I3-naringenin-II8-eriodictyol compound isolated from Garcinia gardneriana (Planchon & Triana) Zappi, a plant used in folk medicine for the treatment of skin disorders.

Aim Of Study: In the search for new depigmenting agents, this study was carried out to investigate the in vitro effects of GB-2a isolated from G. gardneriana (Planchon & Triana) Zappi in B16F10 melanoma cells.

Investigation of anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities promoted by photoactivated cationic porphyrin.

Background: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique that uses light and a photosensitizer, converting local molecular oxygen into singlet oxygen, which eliminates a target unhealthy tissue. It has been increasingly used for the treatment of several diseases including skin disorders. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease expressing immune and hyperproliferative features.

Pre-clinical anti-inflammatory aspects of a cuisine and medicinal millennial herb: Malva sylvestris L.

Malva sylvestris has been used since ancient times for its emollient, laxative and anti-inflammatory properties, being extensively used as salads, soups and teas. The preset study evaluated the topical anti-inflammatory action of M. sylvestris hydroalcoholic extract (HE) and its compounds in mice ear inflammation caused by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-acetate in mice.

Combretum leprosum Mart. (Combretaceae): potential as an antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory agent.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Combretum leprosum is a species that is popularly used in Brazil as a healing agent to treat skin problems and lesions. In this study we investigated the possible potential of this extract to treat inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin conditions.

Materials And Methods: Classical models of skin inflammation such as TPA- and croton oil-induced mouse ear oedema were applied in order to verify the potential topical anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract from flowers of Combretum leprosum.

Endothelium dependent expression and underlying mechanisms of des-Arg⁹-bradykinin-induced B₁R-mediated vasoconstriction in rat portal vein.

Endothelial dysfunction has been implicated in portal vein obstruction, a condition responsible for major complications in chronic portal hypertension. Increased vascular tone due to disruption of endothelial function has been associated with an imbalance in the equilibrium between endothelium-derived relaxing and contracting factors. Herein, we assessed underlying mechanisms by which expression of bradykinin B(1) receptor (B(1)R) is induced in the endothelium and how its stimulation triggers vasoconstriction in the rat portal vein.

Hyperpigmentant activity of leaves and flowers extracts of Pyrostegia venusta on murine B16F10 melanoma.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pyrostegia venusta is a native Brazilian plant which has a variety of uses in traditional folk medicine including the treatment of vitiligo. However, its effectiveness on melanogenesis is not yet elucidated.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the melanogenic activity of hydroalcoholic extracts from the leaves and flowers of P.