Heterogeneous brain region-specific responses to astrocytic mitochondrial DNA damage in mice.

Astrocytes display context-specific diversity in their functions and respond to noxious stimuli between brain regions. Astrocytic mitochondria have emerged as key players in governing astrocytic functional heterogeneity, given their ability to dynamically adapt their morphology to regional demands on ATP generation and Ca buffering functions. Although there is reciprocal regulation between mitochondrial dynamics and mitochondrial Ca signaling in astrocytes, the extent of this regulation in astrocytes from different brain regions remains unexplored.

Heterogeneous brain region-specific responses to astrocytic mitochondrial DNA damage in mice.

Astrocytes use Ca signals to regulate multiple aspects of normal and pathological brain function. Astrocytes display context-specific diversity in their functions, and in their response to noxious stimuli between brain regions. Indeed, astrocytic mitochondria have emerged as key players in governing astrocytic functional heterogeneity, given their ability to dynamically adapt their morphology to regional demands on their ATP generation and Ca buffering functions.

Patterns of longitudinal cortical atrophy over 3 years in empirically derived MCI subtypes.

Objective: We previously identified 4 empirically derived mild cognitive impairment (MCI) subtypes via cluster analysis within the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) and demonstrated high correspondence between patterns of cortical thinning at baseline and each cognitive subtype. We aimed to determine whether our MCI subtypes demonstrate unique longitudinal atrophy patterns.

Methods: ADNI participants (295 with MCI and 134 cognitively normal [CN]) underwent annual structural MRI and neuropsychological assessments.