Publications by authors named "Daniel Witte"
Background: Saliva is a protein-rich body fluid for noninvasive discovery of biomolecules, containing both human and microbial components, associated with various chronic diseases. Type-2 diabetes (T2D) imposes a significant health and socio-economic burden. Prior research on T2D salivary microbiome utilized methods such as metagenomics, metatranscriptomics, 16S rRNA sequencing, and low-throughput proteomics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We aimed to estimate the age-specific and age-standardized incidence rate of diabetes for men and women in Mexico between 2003 and 2015, and to assess the relative change in incidence of diabetes between 2003 and 2015.
Methods: We use a partial differential equation describing the illness-death model to estimate the incidence rate (IR) of diabetes for the years 2003, 2009 and 2015 based on prevalence data from National Health Surveys conducted in Mexico, the mortality rate of the Mexican general population and plausible input values for age-specific mortality rate ratios associated with diabetes.
Results: The age-standardized IR of diabetes per 1000 person years (pryr) was similar among men (IRm) and women (IRw) in the year 2003 (IRm 6.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores how host genome variants influence oral microbial communities, linking the mouth's bacteria to both oral and overall health in 610 Danish adults.
- Researchers identified six specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with varying abundances of oral bacteria and found that one SNP significantly exceeded the study's significance threshold.
- The findings suggest a complex relationship between genetics, oral microbiota, and metabolic health, indicating a need for combined studies in these areas to better understand health outcomes.
Aims: To examine the longitudinal heterogeneity of HbA1c preceding the initiation of diabetes treatment in clinical practice.
Methods: In this population-based study, we used HbA1c from routine laboratory and healthcare databases. Latent class trajectory analysis was used to classify individuals according to their longitudinal HbA1c patterns before first glucose-lowering drug prescription irrespective of type of diabetes.
Article Synopsis
- Premature death in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasingly linked to cancer, prompting a study to investigate excess mortality in these cases.
- The study involved a large cohort of 690,539 individuals with T2D in Sweden, analyzing various risk factors and their impact on mortality during nearly 4.8 million person-years of follow-up.
- Findings revealed that individuals with T2D and cancer face a significantly higher mortality rate, with smoking and low physical activity identified as the most impactful modifiable risk factors for survival.
Objective: To investigate the longitudinal development of neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in type 2 diabetes with and without diabetic polyneuropathy (+/-DPN) and to explore the predictive potential of NfL as a biomarker for DPN.
Research Design And Methods: We performed retrospective longitudinal case-control analysis of data from 178 participants of the Anglo-Danish-Dutch Study of Intensive Treatment in People with Screen-Detected Diabetes in Primary Care-Denmark (ADDITION-Denmark) cohort of people with screen-detected type 2 diabetes. Biobank samples acquired at the ADDITION-Denmark 5- and 10-year follow-ups were analyzed for serum NfL (s-NfL) using single-molecule array, and the results were compared with established reference material to obtain NfL z-scores.
Introduction: Maternal demographics have evolved, and more women than ever enter pregnancy with preexisting comorbidity and with potentially complex medication exposure, including polypharmacy (concomitant intake of multiple medications). This study aims to describe the evolution of medication use in pregnancy in Denmark from 1998 to 2018 with special focus on polypharmacy, patterns of use, and underlying demographics.
Material And Methods: A Danish nationwide historical registry study based on all clinically recognized pregnancies with a gestation ≥10 weeks between 1998 and 2018.
Article Synopsis
- Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex disease influenced by various genetic factors and molecular mechanisms that vary by cell type and ancestry.
- In a large study involving over 2.5 million individuals, researchers identified 1,289 significant genetic associations linked to T2D, including 145 new loci not previously reported.
- The study categorized T2D signals into eight distinct clusters based on their connections to cardiometabolic traits and showed that these genetic profiles are linked to vascular complications, emphasizing the role of obesity-related processes across different ancestry groups.
Article Synopsis
- * Data from 178 participants with type 2 diabetes and 32 healthy controls were analyzed, revealing that NfL levels were significantly higher in those with DPN compared to those without.
- * While NfL may not be a dependable indicator for the presence of DPN, it is associated with the severity of nerve damage related to the condition.
Background: Large language models have had a huge impact on natural language processing (NLP) in recent years. However, their application in epidemiological research is still limited to the analysis of electronic health records and social media data.
Objectives: To demonstrate the potential of NLP beyond these domains, we aimed to develop prediction models based on texts collected from an epidemiological cohort and compare their performance to classical regression methods.
Article Synopsis
- This study examines the relationship between resting heart rate and cardiovascular diseases, identifying 493 genetic variants linked to this trait through a large-scale analysis of 835,465 individuals.
- It highlights the significance of higher genetically predicted resting heart rates, which are associated with an increased risk of dilated cardiomyopathy but lower risk for conditions like atrial fibrillation and ischemic strokes.
- The study also challenges previous findings on resting heart rate and all-cause mortality, suggesting earlier results may have been influenced by biases, ultimately enhancing our understanding of the biological implications of resting heart rate in cardiovascular health.
Aims: To estimate the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and risk of progression to type 2 diabetes for individuals with HbA1c-defined prediabetes based on Danish nationwide population-based laboratory databases.
Methods: We included all HbA1c measurements from general practice and hospitals during 2012 to 2018. We estimated the cumulative incidence of having at least one HbA1c measurement.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers examined genetic factors influencing insulin levels after a glucose challenge in over 55,000 people from different ancestry groups, identifying ten new genetic locations linked to postprandial insulin resistance.
- * They found that many of these loci share genetics with type 2 diabetes, suggesting a common underlying mechanism.
- * The study also highlighted nine candidate genes affecting GLUT4, a key glucose transporter, which plays an important role in glucose uptake during the post-meal state.
Article Synopsis
- Sleep duration shows a negative relationship with obesity measures such as BMI and waist circumference, indicating that less sleep is linked to higher obesity levels.
- In a study of 1,309 older Danish adults, stronger associations were found after adjusting for variables, although the visceral-to-subcutaneous fat ratio did not show significant changes.
- The findings suggest a clear connection between short sleep duration and increased obesity but highlight the need for more research to understand potential health benefits of improving sleep patterns.
This study aims to examine the association between baseline level and change of autonomic nervous function with subsequent development of arterial stiffness. Autonomic nervous function was assessed in 4901 participants of the Whitehall II occupational cohort by heart rate variability (HRV) indices and resting heart rate (rHR) three times between 1997 and 2009, while arterial stiffness was assessed by carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) measured twice between 2007 and 2013. First, individual HRV/rHR levels and annual changes were estimated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFType 2 diabetes (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease that develops through diverse pathophysiological processes. To characterise the genetic contribution to these processes across ancestry groups, we aggregate genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from 2,535,601 individuals (39.7% non-European ancestry), including 428,452 T2D cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- - PAPP-A, an enzyme involved in breaking down IGF-binding proteins, has been linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and higher all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D), specifically in a study of 1284 participants over 5 years.
- - The study found that higher levels of STC2 and PAPP-A, as well as IGFBP4, correlate with increased mortality rates, while lower levels of IGF1 are associated with higher mortality.
- - The findings suggest that while PAPP-A contributes to CVD risk and mortality, STC2 might act as a counterbalance to its harmful effects or have independent impacts beyond the PAPP-A-
Article Synopsis
- Previous research suggests that salivary microbiota could be a useful indicator for both oral and systemic diseases, but it's important to consider health status and lifestyle factors before using it for screening purposes.
- The ADDITION-PRO study analyzed saliva samples from 746 participants using advanced genetic techniques to identify how different health and lifestyle variables affect salivary microbial diversity.
- Key findings indicated that factors like glycemic status, HbA levels, sex, smoking, and alcohol intake significantly impact salivary microbial composition, with smoking alone showing a strong link and high accuracy for detection based on saliva analysis.
Whether impaired kidney function is associated with increased risk of developing dementia is unclear. We investigated the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and dementia. Using a triangulation approach, we performed (1) a prospective study in 90,369 Danes from the Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS), (2) a meta-analysis in 468,699 Scandinavians (including CGPS) and (3) a two-sample Mendelian randomization study in 218,792-1,004,040 Europeans using summary data from largest publicly available genome wide association studies (GWASs).
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- The study explored the long-term effects of intensive multifactorial treatment on hemodynamic indices in people with screen-detected type 2 diabetes.
- Participants from the ADDITION trial were examined 13 years after enrollment, with results showing that intensive treatment resulted in a lower carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), indicating improved aortic stiffness.
- While the intensive treatment group showed some benefits in terms of hemodynamic measures, the overall impact on other indices like central blood pressure was less clear.
We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls (48.9% non-European descent) through the Diabetes Meta-Analysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) Consortium. Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified 237 loci attaining stringent genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10), which were delineated to 338 distinct association signals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContext: Blood lipid levels are linked to the risk of cardiovascular disease and regulated by genetic factors. A low-frequency polymorphism Arg82Cys (rs72836561) in the membrane protein nepmucin, encoded by , is associated with lower fasting concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and higher fasting triglycerides. However, whether the variant is linked to postprandial lipids and glycemic status remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: We estimated and compared health-related quality of life for individuals with normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes and diabetes.
Methods: Participants in the ADDITION-PRO study, Denmark, who attended a health assessment between 2009 and 2011, and who completed the 3-level EuroQoL 5-dimensions (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire were included. For the present study, they were classified as normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes and diabetes (screen-detected and known) using the 2019 American Diabetes Association criteria.
Background: In 2011, the World Health Organization began recommending glycated haemoglobin (HbA) as a measure for diagnosing type 2 diabetes (T2D). This initiative may have changed basic T2D epidemiology. Consequently, we examined time changes in T2D incidence and mortality during 1995-2018.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLarge-scale gene sequencing studies for complex traits have the potential to identify causal genes with therapeutic implications. We performed gene-based association testing of blood lipid levels with rare (minor allele frequency < 1%) predicted damaging coding variation by using sequence data from >170,000 individuals from multiple ancestries: 97,493 European, 30,025 South Asian, 16,507 African, 16,440 Hispanic/Latino, 10,420 East Asian, and 1,182 Samoan. We identified 35 genes associated with circulating lipid levels; some of these genes have not been previously associated with lipid levels when using rare coding variation from population-based samples.
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